Foundations of Technology Exam Review

The History of Technology

The History of Technology

What is the most significant result based on the development of wind mills and water wheels?

a. the rise and fall of feudalism b. humans no longer had to use their muscle to move machines c. popularity of money and capitalism

d. beginning of mechanical labor

The History of Technology

What event from the early 1900’s had the most significant impact on the development of technology? a. the development of mechanical labor

b. the development of the assembly line

c. the development of steam power d. the development of electricity

The History of Technology

Devices in the Information Age are used to process and exchange information. Which of the following devices does not communicate information as its primary function?

a. iPod b. laptop c. GPS receiver

d. electric powered vehicle

The History of Technology

Digital photography is a technological development that occurred during the _____________.

a. Renaissance b. Industrial Age c. Paleolithic Age

d. Information Age

Inventions and Innovations: An Evolutionary Process

Inventions and Innovations: An Evolutionary Process

Technology transfer occurs when: a. one society uses a product from another society

b. an innovation used for one purpose is used for another purpose

c. an innovation is used in different time periods d. one society deems a product unethical

Inventions and Innovations: An Evolutionary Process

Which of the following occurs when a new user applies an existing innovation developed for one purpose in a different function?

a.invention

b.innovation

c.technology transfer

d.technology regression

Inventions and Innovations: An Evolutionary Process

Science, technology, engineering and mathematics are so closely related that progress in one area often _________________.

a.stunts progress in other areas b.stunts progress in one but not all other areas

c.promotes advancements in all other areas

d.promotes advancement in one other area but not others

Inventions and Innovations: An Evolutionary Process

Early in the history of technology, the development of tools and machines was based on ______________ versus scientific knowledge as is done today. a.technology and mathematics principles b.the engineering design process

c.technical know-how

d.positive and negative effects of using technology

Inventions and Innovations: An Evolutionary Process

Which of the following is not an impact technology has on our society?

a.political

b.economic

c.experimental

d.environmental

Inventions and Innovations: An Evolutionary Process

The current rate of technological development is __________.

a.rapidly decreasing

b.rapidly increasing

c.slowly increasing d.slowly decreasing

Inventions and Innovations: An Evolutionary Process

Which of the following items represents the original invention that computers are based upon?

a.abacus

b.vacuum tubes c.drive train d.calculators

The Role of Research and Development: A Problem Solving Approach

The Role of Research and Development: A Problem Solving Approach

Specific, goal-directed research conducted by a company to design new inventions/innovations is called _________.

a.engineering design

b.research and development

c.experimentation

d.technology transfer

The Role of Research and Development: A Problem Solving Approach

Design problems are __________ presented in a clearly defined form.

a.often

b.never

c.seldom

d.always

The Role of Research and Development: A Problem Solving Approach

Which of the following scenarios is the least likely reason to “reverse engineer” a technological device?

a.the device has poor features that need to be redesigned.

b.the device needs to be compared with the original design documentation.

c.you want to compare the device with the features of a competitor’s product.

d.the original manufacturer of the device no longer manufactures the product.

Advertising and Marketing Effects on Technology

Advertising and Marketing Effects on Technology

Currently, the development of technologies is largely driven by _____________: a.politics

b.profit motives

c.morals

d.ethics

Advertising and Marketing Effects on Technology

Which of the following does not contribute to the success or failure of a product?

a.strength of the economy b.latest fads or trends c.advertising

d.accessories included

Advertising and Marketing Effects on Technology

______________ is when a designer must make a choice between a positive and negative impact for a product.

a.the principles of design b.marketing

c.a trade off

d.the engineering design process

Advertising and Marketing Effects on Technology

_________________ allows companies and/or individuals to protect their product designs from being copied or reproduced without their permission.

a.a patent

b.a trademarks c.a lawsuits d.an original sketch

The Engineering Design Process

The Engineering Design Process

The Engineering Design Process follows?

a. a defined circular path b. a defined linear path

c. an iterative path

d. a non-repetitive path

The Engineering Design Process

The systematic application of mathematical, scientific and technical principles is ____________.

a. sociological design b. scientific design c. engineering design d. psychological design

The Engineering Design Process

By defining the problem, the designer has clearly identified the following. a. how to solve the problem b. the criteria related to the problem c. the constraints related to the problem d. what the solution should address

The Engineering Design Process

During the engineering design process data is collected at various points. During which phase is data not collected? a. evaluating the solution b. brainstorming solutions c. testing the solution d. research and development

The Engineering Design Process

When documenting the engineering design process, design portfolios, design journals, sketches and schematics are all used to? a. evaluate b. communicate c. test d. optimize

Collecting and Processing Information

Collecting and Processing Information

A common computer software used to analyze data is a ______________. a. word processor software b. spreadsheet software c. computer assisted design software d. graphic design software

Design Principles

Design Principles

Engineers, architects and others who engage in design to solve practical problems, use ______________.

a. mathematical applications and intuition b. scientific knowledge and intuition c. intuition and parental advice d. scientific knowledge and mathematical applications

Design Principles

Which of the following personal characteristics does not influence the engineering design process?

a. creativity b. sensitivity c. ability to visualize d. imagination

Design Principles

Which of the constraints listed below is not considered a physical constraint?

a. size b. shape c. cost d. color

Design Principles

Engineering design principles are used to evaluate designs according to flexibility, balance, function and _____________.

a. proportion b. ethics c. economics d. historical significance

Design Principles

Identified elements and/or features of a product or system are the _______________.

a. criteria b. trade-offs c. constraints d. efficiency

Design Principles

Identified limitations to the design of a product or system are the _________________.

a. efficiency b. constraints c. trade-offs d. criteria

Design Principles

When designers make compromises during the engineering design process, the result is often _______________.

a. additional criteria b. more constraints c. increased efficiency d. a trade-off

Design Principles

Time, budget and safety are almost always considered to be ________________.

a. trade-offs b. criteria c. constraints d. efficiency

Design Principles

Which of the following is not normally included in criteria of a design?

a.

Budget

b. function c.

efficiency d. aesthetics

Prototypes and Modeling

Prototypes and Modeling

Conceptual, physical and mathematical models are used to a. define criteria for a solution b. determine trade-offs c. train designers d. evaluate design solutions

Prototypes and Modeling

Sketching is a tool used in the creation of what type of model? a. conceptual b. physical c. mathematical d. psychological

Prototypes and Modeling

Mock-ups and prototypes are different types of ______________.

a. psychological models b. conceptual models c. physical models d. mathematical models

Prototypes and Modeling

Mathematical modeling aids in technological design by simulating how a. a solution should be designed b. a proposed system might behave c. physical models should be built d. designs should be used

Prototypes and Modeling

A characteristic of a 3D model that is not included in a 2D model is _______________.

a. volume b. surface area c. height d. width

Documenting the Design Process

Documenting the Design Process

When preparing to communicate a solution to a design problem, you must _______________.

a. make a set of CADD drawings b. construct a table top display c. visit the site of your presentation the week before d. consider the viewpoint of your audience

Documenting the Design Process

Which of the following formats for communication has the potential to reach the largest audience?

a. podcast b. table display c. brochure d. live performance

Energy and Power

Energy and Power

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can be ___________ from one form to another.

a.synthesized

b.optimized

c. converted d.communicated

Energy and Power

The major forms of ___________ include thermal, radiant, electrical, mechanical, chemical and nuclear.

a.energy

b.power

c.force

d.resistance

Energy and Power

Which of the following energy sources produces electricity using thermal energy?

a.wind

b.oil

c.water

d.solar

Manufacturing

Manufacturing

Materials can be classified as _________________.

a.natural, plastic, and leather

b.natural, synthetic, and mixed

c.metal, synthetic, and leather d.metal, plastic, and leather

Manufacturing

Efficiency in the manufacturing process was increased by the introduction of _____________.

a.custom made parts b.batch production methods

c.interchangeable parts

d.natural materials

Construction

Construction

Structural insulated panels have the ability to insulate as well as ________________.

a.

conduct electricity b.

collect rainwater for reuse c.

act as a concrete form

d.

support weight

Information and Communication

Information and Communication

Using a systems model of input, process, output and feedback, when a student is speaking to a friend on a cell phone, the cell phone is part of the ________________.

a.input

b.process

c.output

d.feedback

Information and Communication

Within a larger communication system, a computer keyboard is what type of device?

a.encoder

b.transmitter

c.decoder

d.storage device

Information and Communication

Within a larger communication system, software that allows the user to read email is what type of device?

a.decoder

b.storage

c.retrieval

d.destination

Agriculture and Transportation

Agriculture and Transportation

Crops grown on a farm are what type of resource?

a.exhaustible

b.renewable

c.non renewable d.reusable