Transcript Slide 1
Biological Assessment Developed by Ken Cooke Kentucky Division of Water Watershed Watch Program Coordinator Modified by Mike Kemp Professor of Environmental Engineering Technology Murray State University WEF_Bio_Monitoring 1 Biomonitoring WEF_Bio_Monitoring 2 Biomonitoring Stream organisms require – – – – – access to food refuge from predators tolerable temperatures sufficient oxygen tolerable chemical conditions A degraded habitat may not support some organisms. WEF_Bio_Monitoring 3 Benthic Macroinvertebrates • Benthic – bottom of the stream; macro – visible with the naked eye; invertebrate – no backbone • Ubiquitous and easy to collect • Relatively sedentary • Vary in sensitivity to habitat alteration and pollution Good WEF_Bio_Monitoring Mid Range Poor 4 A Diverse Community Representing a Range of Tolerances WEF_Bio_Monitoring 5 A Less Diverse Community Dominated by Tolerant Species WEF_Bio_Monitoring 6 Biomonitoring • True or False. The presence of pollution tolerant species such as leeches is an indication of poor water quality. WEF_Bio_Monitoring 7 Biomonitoring • True or False. The presence of pollution tolerant species such as leeches is an indication of poor water quality. False WEF_Bio_Monitoring 8 Equipment to Bring • Boots, waders, or shoes that can get wet • D-frame or 10-inch aquarium net • Light-colored plastic pan • Field guides, key, and illustrations for identification • Magnifying glass • Biological monitoring assessment datasheet WEF_Bio_Monitoring 9 Selecting the Site Choose one or more riffles in your stream reach WEF_Bio_Monitoring 10 Sampling Protocol – Traveling Kick 1/2 meter line WEF_Bio_Monitoring • Set net in riffle • Kick and stir 1/2 meters above net • Rinse net in pan containing a small amount of water • Repeat at five different locations in riffle to produce one composite sample • Inspect and remove large debris • Identify organisms and calculate score • Carefully rinse net and pan before sampling another stream 11 Sampling Protocol – Low Gradient • Estimate habitat present • “Jab” net in representative habitat • Rinse net in pan containing a small amount of water • Repeat at ten different locations in the reach to produce one composite sample • Inspect and remove large debris. • Identify organisms and calculate score • Carefully rinse net and pan before sampling another stream WEF_Bio_Monitoring 12 • For each site, how many kick-net samples should be taken? • What should you do if your reach does not have any riffles? WEF_Bio_Monitoring 13 • For each site, how many kick-net samples should be taken? Five. These can be combined to form one composite sample. • What should you do if your reach does not have any riffles? WEF_Bio_Monitoring 14 • For each site, how many kick-net samples should be taken? Five. These can be combined to form one composite sample. • What should you do if your reach does not have any riffles? Look for other habitats that might support macroinvertebrates. Use the low gradient sampling protocol if necessary. WEF_Bio_Monitoring 15 Identify the Following Macroinvertebrates: A B D E C B. Newton 2003 F Images from http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent525/water/aquatic/index.htm WEF_Bio_Monitoring 16 Identify the Following Macroinvertebrates: A B Caddisfly Larva D Crane Fly Larva E Mayfly Larva C B. Newton 2003 Scud (Isopod) Water Penny F Damselfly Larvae Images from http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent525/water/aquatic/index.htm WEF_Bio_Monitoring 17 Macroinvertebrate Tally Group 1 Taxa Code Group 2 Taxa Water Penny Larvae X Damselfly Nymphs Code Group 3 Taxa Blackfly Larvae Mayfly Nymphs Dragonfly Nymphs Stonefly Nymphs Crane Fly Larvae Midge Larvae Beetle Larvae Pouch Snails Caddisfly Larvae Crayfish Leeches Riffle Beetle Adults Scuds Dobsonfly Larvae Other Snails X Clams X Code Aquatic Worms X X X X Sow Bugs/Isopods Number of taxa present 3 Number of taxa present 2 Number of taxa present 2 Times index value of (3) = 9 Times index value of (2) = 4 Times index value of (1) = 2 Cumulative Index Value 15 Biological Assessment Scale Poor 180 WEF_Bio_Monitoring 5 Fair 10 Good 15 20 Excellent 25 30 +