Transcript Slide 1

Parker Hannifin (UK) Ltd
Fuel Condition Monitoring Systems
ACM20, ACM20 Z2 and IcountPD
Generic Presentation
July 17, 2015
Agenda:
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• ACM20 Equipment Specification
• Data Downloader Overview
• Date Interpretation
• EI Method
• Gravimetric Review
• Ruggedness Trial
• Proposed Limits
• Laboratory & Field Use
 Lab Data
 Field Data
• Future Developments
 Zone 2 ATEX
 ICOUNT PDZ2
• Applications & Use
ACM20 & ACM20Z2 Equipment Specification
• 2 min test time.
• 6 channel – 4 µ(c), 6 µ(c), 14 µ(c), 21 µ(c), 25 µ(c) and
30µ(c)
• ISO 4406-1999 reporting (Cumulative counts) – Primary
Output
• % Volume distribution (Differential counts) – Diagnostic
Secondary Output
• Individual channel alarm (audible and visual) setting (ISO
4406).
• ACM20 rechargeable battery and 6 x “D Cell”
• ODU 12V dc power supply (Extra for Laboratory Use)
• 300 test scrolling memory and download via RS232 Port
• All fuels compatible
• ISO 11171 Calibrated to Clause 6
• Bench top footprint – 240mm x 160mm
• Protective carry case on wheels
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IcountPD
ACM20 & ACM20Z2 Equipment Specification
• Automatic testing between 6 – 999
minutes
• International codes ISO 4406, 7-22
• Max working pressure – 420 bar
• Portable – 8kg
• Complies with all necessary EC
declarations
• Trend analysis for up to 30 selected
test results
• Automatic calibration reminder –
12 months from leaving Factory
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Data Downloader Overview
Once testing completed, data can be transferred to PC via ParSmart
Downloader Software.
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Data Downloader Overview
6
• Date Interpretation – Primary Output, Cumulative Counts
>4m(c)
Every particle measured that
has a diameter of > 4m(c)
15 particles/ml
>14m(c)
Every particle measured that
has a diameter of > 14m(c)
8 particles/ml
>21m(c)
Every particle measured that
has a diameter of > 21m(c)
4 particles/ml
Cumulative particle count plot
7
16
14
12
Number/ml
The ACM counts all of the particles in a
fuel sample with sizes >4m(c). It also
records the actual shadow size and
thence the actual equivalent particle
diameter. The instrument then puts
each particle counted into its relevant
size channel. There are up to 6 preset
channels..
10
8
6
4
2
0
>4
>14
Particle size, micron (c)
>21
• Date Interpretation – Primary Output, Cumulative Counts
Example of actual data
Cumulative Plot
Counts per ml.
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
>4µ
>6µ
>14µ
>21µ
Particle size, micron(c)
8
>25µ
>30µ
Note: Cumulative data
and plots are the simplest
outputs but are not very
informative diagnostically.
Numbers can be used as
limits in e.g., specifications
• Date Interpretation – Primary Output, ISO 4406-1999 Code
Allocation of scale numbers based on cumulative counts
Scale number
Number of particles per millilitre
More than
Up to and including
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20 000
40 000
22
10 000
20 000
21
5 000
10 000
20
2 500
5 000
19
1 300
2 500
18
640
1 300
17
320
160
640
320
16
15
80
160
14
40
80
13
20
40
12
10
20
11
5
10
10
2,5
5
9
1,3
2,5
8
0,64
1,3
7
Note: When the raw data in one of the size channels results in a particle count fewer than 20
particles, the scale number for that size range shall be labelled with the symbol “W”.
.
• Date Interpretation – Secondary Output, Diagnostic Use
% Volume Distribution based on:Differential Counts:
To find out how many particles are actually in each channel size,
the number in the higher size channel is subtracted from the
number in the lower size channel.
Cumulative data
Channels,
micron(c).
Average
channel size,
micron(c).
Count
manipulation
Differential
count
4-6
5
1059.2-106.4
952.8
6-14
10
106.4-6
100.4
14-21
17.5
6-1.6
4.4
21-25
23
1.6-.4
1.2
25-30
27.5
.4-0
0.4
Differential data
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• Date Interpretation – Secondary Output, Diagnostic Use
% Volume Distribution based on:Volume Calculations
Whilst particle numbers in a particular size range can be used to create limits of fluid
contamination, the actual impact of particles is very often volume related. So, although
only small numbers of large particles may be present in a liquid, the damage they may
cause can be many times that of a larger number of smaller particles…………
Vol
x
n
4
 rx3
3
Note: Volume is a cubic function of particle diameter
 Vol
x  100 vs Channel x
 Vol
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% Volume distribution
• Date Interpretation – Secondary Output, Diagnostic Use
Solid Only
Free Water Only
Solid & Free Water
Cumulative Plot
Cumulative Plot
Cumulative Plot
10,000
10,000
1,000
100
10
Counts per ml.
10,000
Counts per ml.
Counts per ml.
100,000
1,000
100
10
1
>6µ
>14µ
>21µ
>25µ
>30µ
>4µ
>6µ
Particle size, micron(c)
>14µ
>21µ
>25µ
>4µ
>30µ
30
25
25
20
20
%Volume
30
20
%Volume
30
60
40
15
10
5
10
0
20
30
Particle size, m icron(c)
5 mg/lt
40
>21µ
>25µ
>30µ
15
10
5
0
10
>14µ
%Volum e distribution
70
0
>6µ
Particle size, micron(c)
%Volum e distribution
50
%Volume
10
Particle size, micron(c)
%Volum e distribution
12
100
1
1
>4µ
1,000
0
0
10
20
30
Particle size, m icron(c)
10ppm
40
0
10
20
30
Particle size, m icron(c)
5 mg/lt & 13ppm
40
• EI Method
Aviation Test Method Development
Analytical methods developed for formal use by the aviation
industry must have an agreed, referenced protocol.
Available Test Methods:
Clear & Bright (C&B, ASTM D-4176 ),
Gravimetric (Millipore, ASTM D-2276),
EI Method
Particle Counting – IP PM DK
Scope
A method for the determination of the size and number of particles found in ATF with a maximum
concentration of 40,000 particles per/ml between the sizes of 4 µm(C) & 30µm(C).
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Status
Method lodged with EI Method panel – STB-11, for inclusion in 2006 Manual as IP PM DK.
Round Robin due for completion in 2006. Proposal for contaminant limit to be presented for
inclusion in Def Stan 91-91 by end 2006.
Gravimetric Review
Advantages of APC technology – or – Disadvantages of current methods
GRAVIMETRIC
Current Method Limitations:
1 USG Sample
Or at least record the volume
that does go through
The eye can only detect particles >40 microns
(30 micron(c)) unless present in very large
amounts.
Working Membrane, W
Control Membrane, C
Gravimetric is not available in real time and
sometimes is erratic and is non-informative in
terms of condition monitoring.
Filtration time requires a laboratory environment.
Nobody knows where the current contamination
limits come from – where is the technical
justification?
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Both are
1mg/l !!!!
Or are
they?
0.5mg/l
• Ruggedness Trial
Sample
#
15
Target Loading, mg/l
Contaminant
Comments
Elementis 9998
red iron oxide
and MIRA 1
test dusts in a
50:50 mass
mixture, to be
supplied to test
location as a
concentrate by
Paragon
Scientific
The two test
dusts have
different shape
factors – both
are used in
industry as test
dusts and span
the size range
from submicron to
approximately
50 micron
1
0.00
2
0.25
3
0.50
4
0.75
5
1.00
6
1.50
7
2.00
8
0.75
9
Field sample I
Supplied by
ExxonMobil
Aviation
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Field sample II
Supplied by Air
BP
11
30ppmv
12
50ppmv
13
0.75 + 50ppmv
As above but
with 90:10 ratio
Dispersed
water spiked
into clean fuel
To be analysed
by the standard
and proposed
solvent annex
methods
956 Tests completed over the 2 day trial
Particulate and
water
Parker Hannifin provided 7 units of their
ACM20 Aviation Condition Monitoring
particle counters with:
• Defined hardware model number
• Defined software version
• Calibration certification
Operators from:
ExxonMobil Aviation
BP
Shell
QinetiQ
Parker
Gravimetric Review - Laboratory Data - QinetiQ
Sample Actual
Dirt Loading
- mg/lt
Sample Measured
Gravimetric Result
-mg/lt
Sample 1
0.00
Sample 1
0
Sample 2
0.25
Sample 2
0.4
Sample 3
0.50
Sample 3
1.2
Sample 4
0.75
Sample 4
1.5
Sample 5
1.00
Sample 5
2.2
Sample 6
1.50
Sample 6
1.7
Sample 7
2.00
Sample 7
2.2
Sample 8
0.75
Sample 8
0
Sample 9
Field
Sample 9
1.1
Sample 10
0.2
Sample 13
1.2
Sample
Sample
Field
10
Sample
16
Sample
0.75
Gravimetric Review - Field
>4µ
>6µ
>14µ
>21µ
>25µ
>30µ
Sample
1
1414.5
313.7
10.6
2.5
1.1
0.6
Sample
2
8523.6
1091.6
Cumulative Counts
9.5
2.0
1.0
0.4
ISO
Code
18:15:11
20:17:10
Counts Per/ml
10,000.0
8,000.0
6,000.0
Sam ple 1
4,000.0
Sam ple 2
2,000.0
0.0
>4µ
>6µ
>14µ
>21µ
>25µ
>30µ
Micron Channel Size
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Sample 1 – Gravimetric Measured at 0.29 mg/lt
Sample 2 – Gravimetric Measured at 0.23 mg/lt
Laboratory & Field Data
Refinery
Laboratory
Airport
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Terminal
Laboratory & Field Data – Major International Airport
MF
FWS
>4µ(c)
>6µ(c)
2172.0
779.9
>4µ(c)
>6µ(c)
745.6
300.4
>4µ(c)
>6µ(c)
54.6
11.4
>4µ(c)
>6µ(c)
225.8
31.1
>4µ(c)
>6µ(c)
8.5
1.7
>4µ(c)
>6µ(c)
57.1
12.5
ISO CODE
>14µ(
c)
13.3
>21µ(
c)
1.2
>25µ(
c)
0.3
>30µ(
c)
0.1
18/17/11
>14µ(
c)
17.2
>21µ(
c)
5.6
>25µ(
c)
2.8
>30µ(
c)
0.2
17/15/11
>14µ(
c)
0.1
>21µ(
c)
0.0
>25µ(
c)
0.0
>30µ(
c)
0.0
13/11/00
>14µ(
c)
0.1
>21µ(
c)
0.1
>25µ(
c)
0.0
>30µ(
c)
0.0
15/12/00
>14µ(
c)
0.9
>21µ(
c)
0.0
>25µ(
c)
0.0
>30µ(
c)
0.0
10/08/07
>14µ(
c)
1.1
>21µ(
c)
0.5
>25µ(
c)
0.2
>30µ(
c)
0.1
13/11/07
Airport storage
FWS
To Hydrant/Refueller
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Laboratory & Field Data – Major International Airport
>4µ
>6µ
>14µ
>21µ
>25µ
>30µ
Test 1
81058.3
62127.1
17817.6
6066.2
2477.4
474.2
Test 2
87834.5
74763.0
35454.1
18044.4
10277.7
3651.9
Test 3
51383.4
32796.9
4424.8
1213.4
440.5
81.1
Test 4
Test 5
1593.3
422.7
9.6
1.7
0.5
0.1
1226.1
261.5
2.4
0.4
0.1
0.1
Test 6
1085.7
210.9
1.3
0.1
0.1
0.0
Test 7
1037.9
198.7
1.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
First 3 measurements represent fuel
from a previous cargo followed by a
regular clean delivery, thus
demonstrating the range of fuel
cleanliness being experienced at this
particular location.
Ship Off-loading
70.00
Test
Test
Test
Test
Test
Test
Test
% Volume Distribution
60.00
50.00
40.00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
0
20
10
20
Average Micron (C)
30
40
Proposed Limits
Setting a particle count limit for Jet Fuel Cleanliness
1.
2.
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Need to migrate from “mg/l” as a contamination
concept to particle sizes and counts,
Limits can be set using combinations of:
a) C&B correlations from QinetiQ work,
b) Gravimetric correlations from ExxonMobil
work (other sources also available).
c) Field generated data,
d) OEM requirements,
e) End-user/supplier consensus.
Proposed Limits
Receipt into Microfilter
Expect 2,500 counts per ml
or cleaner @ 4µ(c)
MF
Receipt into FWS (After MF)
Expect 500 counts per ml
or cleaner @ 4µ(c)
ISO Code - 4406 1999
High Count Code
18
15
10
Receipt into FWS (After MF)
High Count
>4µ( c )
500
>6µ( c )
50
>14µ( c )
5
ISO Code - 4406 1999
High Count Code
16
13
9
Receipt into Storage (After FWS/MF)
High Count
>4µ( c )
100
>6µ( c )
10
>14µ( c )
1
ISO Code - 4406 1999
High Count Code
14
10
7
FWS Out of Storage
High Count
>4µ( c )
500
>6µ( c )
50
>14µ( c )
5
ISO Code - 4406 1999
High Count Code
16
13
9
After FWS Into Hydrant
High Count
>4µ( c )
100
>6µ( c )
10
>14µ( c )
1
ISO Code - 4406 1999
High Count Code
14
10
7
After Monitor Into Plane
High Count
>4µ( c )
100
>6µ( c )
10
>14µ( c )
1
ISO Code - 4406 1999
High Count Code
14
10
7
FWS
Receipt into Storage (After FWS/MF)
Expect 100 counts per ml
or cleaner @ 4µ(c)
Airport storage
FWS out of storage
Expect 500 counts per ml
or cleaner @ 4µ(c)
FWS
After FWS into Hydrant
Expect 100 counts per ml
or cleaner @ 4µ(c)
To Hydrant/Refueller
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Receipt into Microfilter
High Count
>4µ( c )
2,500
>6µ( c )
350
>14µ( c )
10
After Monitor Into Plane
Expect 100 counts per ml
or cleaner @ 4µ(c)
Proposed Limits
We can now choose the
particle sizes that are
important to jet fuel users.
We are suggesting 4-14-30
as micron sizes that would
characterise the fuel
contamination in terms of
mainly solid particulate,
4m(c), and mainly water, 30
m(c), with an intermediate
chosen from field studies of
14m(c) (ISO Code:18-1310).
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4?
14?
30?
Future Developments – Nearing Completion
24
ICount PD-Z2
Future Developments – Application Areas
Application
• Airport Fuel Farm
• Airplane Refueling
• Oil Refinery
• Distribution Terminals
• Hubs Pipeline & Storage
• Sea Ports Fuel Storage
• Fuel Testing Laboratories
• API/IP Full Scale Test Laboratories
• Private Light Aircraft Operators
• Helicopter Refueling
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Use!
• System Cleanliness
• Fuel Cleanliness/Quality
• Pipeline Commissioning
• Filter Element Performance
• Correct Element Installation/Integrity
• Storage Tank Inspection/monitoring
• Certification – In accordance with
Manufacturers/Purchasers specification
• Service Life
• Free water detection
• Go – Non Go Alarm detection
• Remote Monitoring
• Cost reduction in Laboratory expense
• Trend Analysis
Thought for the day!
• It is unwise to pay too much, but it is worse to pay too little when you
pay too much, you lose a little money . . . . . . that is all
• When you pay too little you sometimes lose everything, because the
thing you bought was incapable of doing the things it was bought for.
• The common law of business prohibits paying a little & getting a lot
.......................... it cannot be done
• If you deal with the lowest bidder it is as well to add something for the
risk you run
• And if you do that, you will have enough money to pay for something
better.
John Ruskin, 1819 - 1900
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