INFECTIOUS VACCINES (ANTIGENS)
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Transcript INFECTIOUS VACCINES (ANTIGENS)
CATTLE
IMMUNOLOGY
Floron C. Faries, Jr., DVM, MS
Professor and Extension Program Leader
Texas AgriLife Extension Service
Texas A&M University System
College Station, TX 77843
http://extensionvetmed.tamu.edu
INFECTIOUS VACCINES
(ANTIGENS)
TYPES:
modified live vaccines – intramuscular,
subcutaneous, intranasal
modified live vaccines (body temperature
sensitive) – intranasal
IMMUNITY DURATION:
life-time (infection established, cellular and
humoral immunity)
one dose required
annual boosters may not be required
CAUTION:
label restrictions (may be unapproved for
pregnant cows/nursing calves)
ineffectiveness (following non-infectious
vaccine)
NON-INFECTIOUS VACCINES
(ANTIGENS)
TYPES:
killed vaccines and bacterins –
intramuscular, subcutaneous
toxoids and leukotoxoids – intramuscular,
subcutaneous
modified live vaccines (body temperature
sensitive) – intramuscular
IMMUNITY DURATION:
4 to 12 months (infection not established,
humoral immunity)
primary dose required (priming)
secondary dose required – 3 to 6 weeks later
(within 4 months)
annual or semiannual boosters required
ANTISERA/ANTISERUM
(ANTIBODIES)
TYPES:
antitoxins – subcutaneous
monoclonal antibody – oral
DURATION IMMUNITY:
2 to 6 weeks (humoral immunity)
DNA RECOMBINANT VACCINES
None available for cattle
VACCINE LABEL HANDLING
INSTRUCTIONS
FOLLOW THE LABEL:
refrigerate in use and storage
use sanitary practices in use
keep out of sunlight in use
properly dispose of opened vials after use
abide expiration date of unopened vials
VACCINE LABEL USE
DIRECTIONS
FOLLOW THE LABEL:
dose
route(s)
withdrawal time for slaughter (21 to 60
days)
VACCINE FAILURES
NO RESPONSE (efficacy, stress,
malnutrition)
IMPROPER DOSE
IMPROPER ROUTE
MISHANDLED (non-refrigerated, sunlight
exposure, unsanitary)
STORED OPENED VIALS
EXPIRED VACCINE
POOR QUALITY VACCINE
PRIMARY DOSE ONLY (non-infectious
vaccine)
IMMUNITY DURATION EXPIRED
VACCINATION AFTER EXPOSURE
(incubation period or latent period)
Cow Herd Vaccines
Precalving Vaccination of Cows and Heifers
(7 to 9 months of pregnancy or twice a year)
1. 4-way Viral BRD Vaccine
2. Pasteurella Bacterin & Leukotoxoid
3. Haemophilus Bacterin
4. 5-way Lepto Bacterin
5. 7-way or 8-way Blackleg Bacterin
6. Scour Vaccine
7. Vibrio Bacterin
8. Trich Vaccine
Prebreeding Vaccination of Replacement
Heifers and Bulls
1. 4-way Viral BRD Vaccine
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Pasteurella Bacterin & Leukotoxoid
Haemophilus Bacterin
5-way Lepto Bacterin
7-way or 8-way Blackleg Bacterin
Vibrio Bacterin
Trich Vaccine (Heifers)
Anaplas Vaccine
Calf Herd Vaccines
Postcalving Vaccination of Nursing Calves
(2 to 3 months of age)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4-way Viral BRD
Pasteurella Bacterin & Leukotoxoid
Haemophilus Bacterin
5-way Lepto Bacterin
7-way or 8-way Blackleg Bacterin
Preweaning Vaccination of Nursing Calves (3
weeks before weaning)
1. 4-way Viral BRD Vaccine
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Pasteurella Bacterin & Leukotoxoid
Haemophilus Bacterin
5-way Lepto Bacterin
7-way or 8-way Blackleg Bacterin
Bang’s Vaccine (Heifers)