Transcript Models and Structures of ArcGIS: UML and Data Modeling

Models and Structures of ArcGIS
UML and Data Modeling Elements
Longley et al., 8 (2/e)
Zeiler, chs. 4, 5, and 12
Review Zeiler ch. 1
Models for GIS
• representation of reality --> model
• GIS itself is based on a model of
complexity
• GIS is used to model complexity
• full representation of reality?
• data model = limited representation of
reality
– a discretization or partitioning of space
– finite, discrete nature of computing devices
Data Model
• representation of information about the
process
• FIELD … “grid”
• OBJECT … “isoline”
• FIELD or OBJECT … “geo-relational”
• “Delauney triangulation” (alternative)
3 Data Models
• geo-relational coverage (object view;
from classic ArcInfo)
• geo-relational shapefile (object view;
from ArcView)
• geodatabase (object-oriented; new in
ArcGIS)
Georelational Data Model:
“Classic” ArcInfo and ArcView
command line interface
Unix, NT, Windows
ArcView as interface
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B
ArcInfo Coverage as a Data Structure
Image courtesy of Louisville/Jefferson County Information Consortium, Kentucky
Data Structure
• not tied to process at all
• concerned simply with what can be
computed and what can’t
• the way in which the data model is
represented in the GIS
– DEM for field model
– contour for isoline model (variation on object)
– TIN for Delauney triangulation model
– coverages, shapefiles for geo-relational
– geodatabase for OO geodatabase
Data Structures
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ArcInfo coverages
ArcView shapefiles
ArcInfo grids, USGS DEMs
Images (e.g., georeferenced tiffs)
TINs
Geodatabases
ArcGIS 9 Icons
( Zeiler, pp. 65-71 )
yellow coverage
green shapefile
gray geodatabase
Geodatabase
If coverages are apples …
and shapefiles are oranges …
The Geodatabase can be your grocery bag…
Elements of the Geodatabase
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Feature Datasets
Feature Classes
Relationship classes
Geometric Networks
Domains
Ranges
Coded Values
Topology
Tables
Metadata
And More!!!
Geodatabase
• Features and
attributes as objects
• Relationships among
features
• Validation or editing
rules, behaviors
• “Container” for
– Vector, raster, tabular
data
– Relationships
– Topology
MS-Office
Object Table
Relationships for a feature
ESRI Data Models for Geodatabase
Templates
Pre-designed schema (skeleton) of
• Objects
-Feature classes
-Tables
• Relationships
• Domains
• Rules
Why Data Models & Gdb Templates?
• Work with users & partners on practical
design projects
• Build useful ready to load geodatabases
• Continue the process with feedback from
real projects
• Support & encourage standards
ArcGIS Data Models
Administrative Boundaries
Agriculture
Basemap
Biodiversity/Conservation
Cadastre 2014
Defense/Intel
Energy Utilities
Environmental Regulated
Facilities
Historic Preservation
Hydrographic/Navigation
(IHO)
Local Government
Marine
Petroleum
Pipeline
System Architecture
Telecommunications
Transportation
Water Utilities
Water Resources (Hydro,
Groundwater)
Forestry
Geology
Land Parcels
http://support.esri.com/datamodels
Arc Marine
dusk.geo.orst.edu/djl/arcgis