Transcript Establishing Modern China

Establishing Modern
China
Chapter 24, Section 1
Pages 701 - 705
China’s Last Dynasty
Qing dynasty - china’s last
and largest empire
Chinese population doubled
between 1644 and the mid1800’s
difficult time producing food
shortages, famines, and
wars brought the empire to
an end
The Opium War
Qing rulers faced a problem - opium
the drug was outlawed
British smuggled opium from India
Brits used opium to trade with China as
opposed to money $
1st opium war - China lost - Treaty of
Nanking
Chinese paid the Brits money and
handed over Hong Kong
The Rise of Nationalism
Taiping Rebellion - angry peasants
over the lost war
war lasted 14 years
20 million died
Boxer Rebellion - 1900
Boxers wanted the Qing dynasty out
& foreign interests
Boxers lost - government fell into
turmoil
A New Republic
western educated Chinese
wanted democracy
Sun Yat-Sen - founded the
CNP in 1911
toppled Qing dynasty
republic in 1912
communist party began to
grow after WW I
The Fight for Control
nationalists and communists fight for
control
communists retreat - the long march 1934
more than 100,000 communists marched
6,000 miles fleeing the nationalists
some improvements occurred gov’t,
transportation, education & Industry
peasants and workers suffered - turned
to mao
Communist Revolution
nationalists turned to Mao
(communists) for help
during WW II
united in their fight against
the Japanese
1949 - communists seize
control
Shek & nationalists flee to
Taiwan
October 1, 1949 - PRC
Reform & Revolution
Mao had absolute power
seized land from the wealthy and
gave it to the poor
industry came under gov’t
control
collective farms were created people working together
1958 Great Leap Forward - “big
step backwards” a total disaster shattered economy
The Cultural Revolution
mao felt he was losing power and
people wanted capitalism
launched the cultural revolution in
1966
opposition was removed
the red guard punished people
who spoke against the communist
party
the country fell into disarray...
what’s next?
The Cultural Revolution
1966 - 1976
Propaganda