Transcript Slide 1

NATIONAL ECOLOGICAL
OBSERVATORY NETWORK
Dave Tazik & NEON Team
Toolik Field Station Vision Workshop
Portland, OR 2-4 August 2012
A Continental Observation System
A CONTINENTAL-SCALE
OBSERVATION SYSTEM
30 year period of observation
NEON Mission
… to enable understanding and forecasting of the impacts of
climate change, land use change and invasive species on
continental-scale ecology
…by providing infrastructure to support research, education
and environmental management in these areas
Causes of Change
Response to Change
Climate
Land Use
Invasive Species
Biodiversity
Biogeochemistry
Ecohydrology
Infectious Disease
A User Facility and Community Asset
An Integrated
Observing System
A 30 year period of Observation
Individual
REMOTE SAMPLING
NAT. DATA SETS
ONSITE SAMPLING
DATA PRODUCTS
Team
Community
Managers &
Policy-makers
The NEON Questions
Where will NEON observe?
Observing Ecological Change
• Representative sampling
• Replication of gradients
• Detecting/attributing change over decades
• Standardized and transparent protocols
• Comprehensive set of observations
• Terrestrial and aquatic
• Sentinel taxa
• Field and lab analyses state-of-the-art
• QA/QC -- data quality and uncertainty
Free and open access to all NEON data*
* Unless legislatively protected
NEON Data Products
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~ 1600 Level 0 data products (primary observations) • ~ 75 Level 2 (rectified) & Level 3 (common gridded)
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Raw voltages from sensors
Information on collected flora/fauna(e.g. counts)
External DNA or chemical analysis
Raw LiDAR returns
~ 540 Level 1 data (QA/C, minimally processed)
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One-minute average air temperature
Site-level species composition
Georectified LiDAR
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Gap-filled one-minute air temp (L2)
Gridded canopy nitrogen estimate (L3)
• ~ 120 Level 4 (high-level, cross-subsystem integrative)
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Net ecosystem exchange
Canopy nitrogen
Microbial diversity
Aquatic nutrient flux
NEON Observing Systems
• Terrestrial
Field Sampling
• Organismal (TOS)
• Instrumental (TIS)
• Aquatic
Towers
• Organismal (AOS)
• Instrumental (AIS)
Surface and
ground water
• Airborne (AOP)
Satellite
Data
• Research: Stream
Ecological Observation
Network (STREON)
Airborne Remote Sensing
TIS – Terrestrial Instrument System
Atmospheric Measurements
Ecosystem carbon, water and energy balance
• Temperature
• Humidity
• Wind
• Precipitation
• Radiation
• CO2
• Pollutants – e.g., ozone and reactive nitrogen
Calibration for remotely sensing – Correct AOP for
effects of incoming solar radiation, aerosols and water
vapor
TIS -- Soil Array
Physical and carbon
cycle responses
• Temperature
• Moisture
• Carbon dioxide flux
(soil respiration)
• Root growth
Terrestrial Observation System (TOS)
• Plant biodiversity
• Plant biomass, leaf area, and chemical composition
• Plant phenology
• Birds
• Ground beetles
• Mosquitoes
• Small mammals
• Infectious disease
• Soil microorganisms
• Soil biogeochemistry
Terrestrial
Biological
Field
Sampling
Aquatic Observation System (AOS)
• Algae
• Aquatic macrophytes, bryophytes and lichens
• Aquatic microbes
• Zooplankton
• Aquatic invertebrates
• Fish
• Aquatic habitat
• Sediment chemistry
• Water chemistry
Aquatic Instrument System (AIS)
• Aquatic
– Tempwater, DO, turbidity, pH, conductivity
Sensor Design
Testing
– Chromophoric dissolved organic matter
– Chlorophyll
– Discharge/water level
– Nutrient Analyzer – nitrate, phosphate, ammonia
– Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)
• Bank-side – Micrometeorology
– Tempair, precipitation, barometric pressure, PAR, net radiation
– Wind speed and direction
– Camera
• Groundwater
– Temperature, level and conductivity
AOS/AIS – AQU/STREON
Experiment – STREON
STREON – Stream Manipulation
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NEON
control reach
XO
Instrument station, water sampling site
Experimental units (baskets
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Consumer exclosure
water flow
(electrified barriers
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Nutrient addition station
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STREON
treatment reach
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Basket incubation
(e.g. streamside flume or in
situ recirculation chamber)
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Airborne Observation Platform
Spectrometry
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Vegetation biochemistry & biophysical properties
Cover type & fraction
LiDAR altimetry
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Vegetation structure
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Sub-canopy topography
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Plant biomass
High resolution photography
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Land use & land cover
3 X Twin Otter aircraft
2014: Toolik, Barrow, Caribou-Poker, & Healy
The NEON Imaging Spectrometer
 Continuous wvl coverage from 380 to 2510 nm
 High signal-to-noise ratio
 (2x improvement over AVIRIS)
 5 nm spectral sampling
 1 mrad IFOV (1m GSD @ 1000 m flight altitude)
 High degree of uniformity across wvl‘s and field
 SWIR coverage provides information on
 canopy moisture & nitrogen
 discrimination of non-photosynthetic components
Status
• NISDVU delivered and operational
• NIS-1 due 4/13; NIS-2 due 8/13
Nitrogen
Lignin
Scaling
Terrestrial
Observations
Leaf area index
Canopy height
NEON Assignable Assets
• 3 Airborne remote sensing systems
• 10 Mobile Deployment Platforms
• Sensor Infrastructure
• Biological Measurements
• Cyber-infrastructure
• CAL/VAL Lab
• Collections
NEON – Generated Natural History Collections
• Voucher collections of sentinel taxa
• Analytical samples
– Replicates for future re-analysis
– For external PI-driven research needs
– Storage in case of funding shortfalls
• Vascular plants and algae
• Animal tissues and genomic extracts
• Microbial communities
• Soils and sediments
NEON – ALASKA
Toolik Site
CORE SITE
AQUATIC
AQUATIC / STREON
Major Milestones**
• Construction mobilization & staging
Feb 2015
• Civil infrastructure complete
Jul/Aug 2015
• Field operations deployment
May 2015 earliest
• Terrestrial instrumentation
Sep 2016
• Aquatic/STREON instrumentation
Sep 2016
**Tentative and subject to change
Infrastructure
• Tower: 2m x 2m x 6 m (L-W-H)
• Boardwalk: ≤ 1 m at ground level
• Instrument hut: ~20’ x 9’ x 8’ (L-W-H)
– Instrumentation, equipment, tools, safety equip & non-haz gas cylinders
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Soil array: 5 arrays, ~ 25m apart
Power Supply: generators – fuel storage at parking & staging area
COMM: could be tied into the GCI fiber line
Security: a gate at the top of the first flight of stairs
Site Access:
– Summer access: Boardwalk to instrument tower
– Winter access: Access via snowmobile and snowshoes
• Site Remediation:
– Site Decommissioning and Restoration Plan
– Host-specific requirements
Infrastructure Requirements
• Lab space – 800 to 1,000 square feet
– Higher level of on-site processing
• Lodging (Construction) – NEON personnel and contractors
– Site survey and geotech work – Feb/Mar 2013
– Ground water wells – Feb/Mar 2015
• Lodging (Operations) – peak numbers up to 20
– Crews rotating from Fairbanks
– Full time and seasonal techs
• Garage space (Vehicles) – truck, boat and snow mobile
• Comm at Lake site – possible to tap into WIFI?
– Aquatic band width requirement (Lake Site) ~45Kb/s
Operations
• Instrument maintenance: 2-3 days every other
week year round
• Organismal sampling:
– Terrestrial: 30-50 plots during summer season
– Aquatic: stream, lake, and STREON
– Observations: Sentinel taxa
– Sample removal – some soil, sediment, water, plant and
animal materials
• Airborne Observations: once per year during peak
greenness
Lab Equipment
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drying oven(s)
refrigerator
freezer
ultralow
high-precision balance
not so high precision balance
grinding mill
centrifugal mill
muffle furnace
fume hood
microscope? (may transport
samples back to Fairbanks)
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temporary sample storage
field equipment storage
flammables storage
corrosives storage
biohazard/hazardous waste
storage
• gas cylinder storage ? maybe
• dry ice readily available (may
need a machine to make this)
• DI water readily available (may
need a DI water system)
The National Ecological Observatory Network is a project sponsored by the National
Science Foundation and managed under cooperative agreement by NEON Inc.