Transcript Slide 1
Reducing Standby Power to
1 Watt (and less)
Alan Meier
International Energy Agency
[email protected]
Presented at KEMCO
29 July 2004
Updated 30 July 2004
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Seminar Plan
What is standby power?
How large is standby?
The IEA 1 Watt Plan
Policies to cut standby
The future
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What is Standby Power?
Power consumed by an appliance when switched
“off” or while not performing its primary
purpose
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How Large is Standby?
Device
Home
Country
World
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Standby Pow e r (Watts )
Mini mum, Aver age and Maxi mum
0.0
5.0
10.0
5
10
15. 0
20.0
25. 0
Portable Stereo
Compact system
Standby
Power of each
product is
tiny--just a
few watts-but most
homes have
more than 15
products with
standby
AUDIO
Component System
DVD Player
Radio, Clock
Battery Charger
BATTERY
Pow er Tool
Vacuum Cleaner
HOME
Garage Door Opener
Security System
Breadmaker
KITCHEN
Microw av e Ov en
Rice Cooker
Computer
OFFICE
Modem, digital
Printer, Ink/BubbleJet
Cable Box, Analog
SET-TOP
Cable Box, Digital
DTV Decoder
Satellite System
TELEPHONY
Answ ering M achine
Cordless Phone
DTV
TV-VCR
Telev ision
VCR
WHI TE GOODS
1 Watt = 9 kWh/year
Range
0
15
20
Standby Pow e r (Watts )
25
Standby: up to 25% of
Electricity Use in Some Homes
% of domestic
electricity
Power
(W)
5 - 25%
40 - 200
9%
67
5 – 7%
60
Australia
11%
80
Japan
10%
50
Europe
3 – 8%
40
Location
Silicon Valley
California
USA
Urban China
Korea
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35
11%
57
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Measured Standby in 10 California Homes
http://standby.lbl.gov/CEC_Workshop/Docs/Standby_Measurements.pdf
Household Standby Power
Home 7
Home 4
Home 5
Home 8
Home 6
Home 1
Home 10
Home 2
Home 9
Home 3
26%
6%
10%
9%
8%
9%
5%
2001 USA
7%
refrigerator
5% standard
% of annual electricity use
10%
0
50
100
Standby Load (W)
150
200
How Large is Standby?
http://standby.lbl.gov/CEC_Workshop/Docs/Standby_Measurements.pdf
5 – 10% of residential electricity in
most countries
Unknown % in commercial buildings
~1% of global CO2 emissions
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The IEA 1-Watt Plan (1998)
Reduce standby in all products to < 1 Watt
by 2010
50%
by 2005
Each country will select its own policies
Labels
Standards
Government
procurement
Countries will collaborate and agree on:
Definition
& test procedure
schedule
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Progress Report
Countries with a 1-Watt Plan
Australia
United
States
Korea
Japan
(sort of)
Countries with special policy for standby
China
Europe
(sort of)
Good summary at
http://www.powerint.com/greenroom/index.htm
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Special Aspects of Standby
External power supply agreement
China,
Energy Star, Australia, California
Standby < 0.5W
On-mode : > 0.09 * Ln (Pno) + 0.5
http://www.efficientpowersupplies.org/
IEA agreement on simple set-top boxes
(decoders)
8
W active
1 W standby
Remote control shifts from active standby
http://www.iea.org/Textbase/work/workshopdetail.asp?id=103
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IEC Definition and Test Procedure will be
formally adopted in late 2004
http://www.energyefficient.com.au/standby/IECTC59.html
Definition: “The lowest power consumption mode
which cannot be switched off by the user ….
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Korea Discussion Topics
What appliances should be covered?
Meier: “all products plugged into standard outlets”
Which policy is better: Mandatory or
voluntary?
Meier: “mandatory, because all manufacturers will have the
same costs; this is fairer to manufacturers”
Should Korea adopt IEC Definition and Test
procedure?
Meier: “yes, copy Australia approach”
In September 2003 Standards Australia published an interim test method for the measurement of standby power
AS/NZS 62301-2003 (int.) and this is now available for purchase. This standard will be referenced by test methods or
regulatory standards where standby requirements are specified. This is based on the IEC CDV of the standard of the
same number.
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U S A
Executive Order
http://oahu.lbl.gov/
Energy Star
http://energystar.gov/
California and other states
http://www.energy.ca.gov/appliances/documents/index.html
http://www.energy.ca.gov/appliances/index.html
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3 Years Ago President Bush
Saw This Display
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2 months later
http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/07/20010731-10.html
July 2001
Executive Order
on Standby Power
“…Each agency… shall purchase
products that use no more than
one watt in their standby power
consuming mode… where cost
effective…”
http://oahu.lbl.gov
Product
Current Executive
Order Standby
Levels
(July 2004)
See: http://oahu.lbl.gov
Thank you Korea!
Standby
(W)
TV
1
VCR
2
DVD
1
TV/VCR/DVD Combinations
3
Audio Product
1
Desktop Computer
2
Integrated Computer
5
Workstation
2
Laptop Computer
1
Computer Monitor
1
Printer
1
Fax
2
Copier
1
Multifunction Device
1
Docking Station
2
Scanner
1
Microwave Oven
2
Room Air Conditioner
-
Energy Star & Standby
www.energystar.gov
Focus of today’s specifications:
Office
equipment: sleep mode
Consumer electronics: standby
Generally
weaker than Executive Order
Future
All
modes for office equipment &
consumer electronics & external power
supplies
Set-top boxes: 1 W on standby
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California
http://www.energy.ca.gov/efficiency/
California Energy Commission
has authority to make standards
Other
states often copy California
Proposed standards for
external
power supplies (same as
Energy Star)
simple decoder set-top boxes
(8W/1W)
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Japan
Meeting Kyoto obligations is major reason for
Japanese activity
METI gave grants to industry to study problem
Demonstration VCRs, microwave ovens, ACs
2001: The 3 major appliance manufacturers
associations promise to reach 1-Watt on all
major appliances by 2004
Standby is not included in TopRunner standards
http://www.eccj.or.jp/top_runner/index.html
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Australia
First country to adopt a policy on standby
http://www.energyrating.gov.au/standby.html
Coordinated through Australian Greenhouse
Office
Actions so far
Set goal of 1-Watt on all appliances
Leads IEC tech. committee on test procedure
Supported external power supply spec.
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China
Recent study found high standby
High growth rates expected
Voluntary standby levels for TVs
China is collaborating on
specifications for
external power supplies
Set-top boxes
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Europe
http://energyefficiency.jrc.cec.eu.int/html/standby_initiative.htm
Voluntary “Codes of Conduct”
Power
supplies (0.3 - .75 W depending
on rating)
Set top boxes
TVs, VCRs??
Mandatory standards soon?
“Ecodesign
Early
Directive”
target will be standby
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The Future of Standby
http://standby.lbl.gov/CEC_Workshop/Docs/Standby_Measurements.pdf
We still don’t know if standby energy
use is growing or shrinking
Some appliances are more efficient
but now there are more appliances
with standby!
A “networked home” will be a high
standby home if no measures are
taken
We need to monitor homes &
offices
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The Future of Standby (2)
We need to change test procedures
to include standby for large
appliances (dishwashers, AC, etc. )
Standby --> LOw POwer MOde
energy use
Need
to consider energy implications of
all low power modes (lopomos)
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End
Thank You!
[email protected]
http://standby.lbl.gov
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