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Pan American Health Organization
Workers’ Health in the Region
of the Americas
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REGIONAL
PLAN
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Worker’s Health
Resolution XIV
1990
Strategic and
Programatic
Orientations
1999-2002
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Worker’s Health
Current Situation
Trends
Inequities
Institutional Vacuum
Response
Regional Plan of Workers’ Health
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Worker’s Health
Human Sustainable
Development
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Economically Active Population
(EAP)
EAP Region
351 millions
100%
EAP USA and Canada 150 Millions
42.5%
EAP Latin America and 201 Millions
57.5%
Caribbean
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Determinants factors
Labor Market - Income
Work Organization
Labor Force Composition
Occupational Risks
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Work Profiles
Transitional Economies
- Multinationals Corporations
- Medium - Small Industries
- Informal Sector
51.6% Informal Sector
20- 40% Incomes below cost of
basic Market Baket
8.5%
Unemploment
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Social - Environmental - Sanitary
Inequities
* Income differences rich/poor: 20:1
* Formal Sector with Occupational Services: 30%
* Informal Worker:
> Risks
< Income
< Protection
< Access
* High Risk groups: Women, Children, Migrants,
Indigenous, Elderly
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Profile of the Working Woman
Participation Rate 45%
Women labor force remunerated 30%
Informal Work 30-50%
Average hrs/week 80
Salary Difference Men-Women 40-71%
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Profile child labor
- LAC 15 millions (OIT)
- USA 4 millions (OIT)
- 20% children
10-14 years old working
(UNICEF)
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Risk Profiles
• Ergonomic
• Biological
• Physical
• Chemical
• Psychosocial
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Risk profiles
Number of deaths
Drug abuse
Atmospheric pollution
High-risk sexual behavior
Employment
Tobacco use
Lack of physical activity
Malnutrition
Malnutrición
Alcohol consumption
Poor access to drinking
water and unhealthy sanitation
Hypertension
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50
50
100
100
150
150
200
200
250
250
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Risk Profiles
Years of Life with Disability
Atmospheric pollution
Hypertension
Lack of physical activity
Tobacco use
Malnutrition
Poor access to drinking
water and unhealthy sanitation
Drug abuse
High-risk sexual behavior
Employment
Alcohol consumption
00
1000
1000
2000
2000
3000
3000
4000
4000
5000
5000
6000
6000
7000
7000
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Impact: Occupational
Injuries
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36 Injuries/minute
5 Million /year
90,000 fatal injuries
300 workers die daily
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Notified Occupational Diseases and Injuries
California, USA 1989
Transmisibles
Occupationals
Gonorrhea 74,195
Syphilis
Hepatitis
AIDS
199,038
18,106
11,081
6,481
Shigellosis
5,468
Salmonellosis
5,224
Tuberculosis
Measles
103,270
2,118
2,024
4,212
3,053
Amebiasis
1,568
Chicken pox
1,000
1,800
Repetitive stress injuries
Contusions, lacerations
40,490
Fractures
9,740
Burns
Acute pesticide poisoning
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Cancer
1,596
Pneumoconiosis
1,100
Amputation
1,000
Lead poisoning
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Occupational Diseases
Notification in Latin America
And
The Caribbean
1% - 5% of all cases
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Unemployment
Occupational
Cancer
Homicides
Suicides
Violence
Reproductive
Problems
Occupational
stress
Social
Alcoholism
Injustice
Syndrome
Osteomuscular
Problemas
Endemic
diseases
Poisoning
Accidents
Cardiovascular Diseases
Hearing Loss
Respiratory
Problems
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Workers’ Health
Response
National Governments
Labor Organizations
Private sector Organizations
Other key actors
- Collaborating Centers
- NGOs
- Universities
- Media
International Organizations
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Regional Plan for Workers’ Health
Principles
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• Universality
• Equity
• Participation
• Comprehensive
• Coherence
• Opportunity
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REGIONAL PLAN: purpose
To contribute to an improvement in
the working environment, living
conditions, health status and
general well-being of workers, to
advance towards sustainable
human development with equity and
social justice
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REGIONAL PLAN : Programatic Areas
Quality of Work
Environment
Primary Prevention
Policy and
Legislation
Political normative
frame work
Workers’ Health
Promotion
Comprehensive
Health Services
Healthy Workplaces
Primary Health Care
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Premarket Testing
WORKERS’ HEALTH
PREVENTION
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Substitution and Elimination
Engineering Control
Environmental Monitoring
Primary
Prevention
Personal Protective Devices
Biological Monitoring
Secundary
Prevention
Preclinical Medical Examination
Diagnosis
Therapy
Tertiary
Prevention
Rehabilitation
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REGIONAL PLAN :
Environmental Quality
• Surveillance systems and Hazard control
Suavidero- Saiso
• Collection and Distribution of Information
• Development of human resouces: Industrial
Higiene, Ergonomics, Toxicology, Epidemiology
others.
• Instruments and programs for intervention
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REGIONAL PLAN :
Policy and Legislation
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Explicit Policies
Modern Legislation
National - Subregional Plans
Reform Process
Integration Process
Development process
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REGIONAL PLAN:
Worker’s Health Promotion
Healthy People in Healthy Environment
• New Work Culture
• Personal and Collective Development
• Raising Awareness
• Cummunity Participation
• Primary Environmental Care
• Healthy Cities, Healthy School, and other
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REGIONAL PLAN:
Comprehensive Health Services
• Prevention, Promotion, Medical care,
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Rehabilitation
Ministry of Health
Social Security
Private Services
Workers’ Clinics
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WORKERS’ HEALTH
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