European Federation of Public Service Unions – EPSU Fédération Syndicale Européenne des Services Publics – FSESP Europäischer Gewerkschaftsverband Öffentlicher Dienst – EGÖD Europeiska Federationen For Offentlig Anstalldas Forbund

Nordiske Renovasjons og Gjenvinningskonferanse European Waste Developments

Keep our planet clean and green

Jan Willem Goudriaan EPSU Deputy General Secretary 13 November 2010, Oslo, Norway

> 250 Trade Union – 8 million members All European countries – including Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Turkey, Balkan countries e.g.

Utilities, Local/regional, national/EU administration/ health and social services Waste – Diversity of waste streams; All services: collection/ disposal, sorting, recycling, incineration, landfil Public and private, municipal and transnational companies Recognised Social Partner Largest Federation of ETUC Recognised Region of PSI (www.world-psi.org) Staff ~ 23 (compare with Eurelectric 33-35, Eurogas 12 WWF 40 EEB 20 Greenpeace 17 BEUC 30 ENEL 8-10) Affiliation fee - around 1/10th of a glass of beer per year per member

• • • • • • Working Time Directive – Consultation Financial and Economic crisis Procurement Lisbon Strategy EU 2020 – Flagship on Resources Public services – checklist, unit in Commission, EP intergroup on PS, SGI statute, EPSU network, cooperation with others Collective Bargaining: network, newsletter information, policy

• • • • Eurozone Council – wage moderation in PS to give example; ECB – Irish Times: Commission demands cuts European Monetary Fund – Stability and Growth pact´s enforcement – single direction: keep public finance in check European coordination – More directly addressing imbalances, MS bubbles ? – addressing wage

settlement rigidities, wages reflecting local developments, reducing tax/ social security part of labour costs and compensate this wih cuts in public spending (rather then other (environmental) taxes Also for trade unions a big challenge – national IR vs European/global capital – and how to relate to economic surveillance and EU directions on budgets (new proposals...)

NO CUTS but GROWTH – EUROPEAN DAY OF ACTION 29 SEPTEMBER BRUSSELS 15 December 2010, Decentralised Action Early March 2011, Budapest

• • • •

Waste

– Policy and internal market

Social dialogue European Works Councils Coordination of Collective Bargaining

• • • • • Out of all the municipal waste generated in the EU, 42% is landfilled, 38% is recovered and 20% is incinerated. Poorer countries still use most landfill, richer countries are the biggest users of incineration.

The highest amount of waste is landfilled in Bulgaria, Romania, Lithuania, Malta and Poland (90% or more); Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and Austria recycle or compost the most (59% or more); Denmark, Luxembourg, and Sweden incinerate the largest proportion (all 47% of more)

• • • • • . GENERAL FRAMEWORK – Directive on waste of waste ; Integrated pollution prevention and control: IPPC Directive ; Competitiveness of the recycling industries waste ; Waste disposal (until the end of 2010) ; Strategy on the prevention and recycling ; Landfill of waste ; Waste management statistics ; Waste incineration ; Shipments of HAZARDOUS WASTE – Controlled management of hazardous waste (until the end of 2010) ; Basel Convention WASTE FROM CONSUMER GOODS – Packaging and packaging waste ; Disposal of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated terphenyls (PCTs) ; Disposal of spent batteries and accumulators ; Disposal of waste oils ; End-of-life vehicles ; The reusing, recycling and recovering of motor vehicles Waste electrical and electronic equipment WASTE FROM SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES – Management of waste from extractive industries Ship dismantling ; Removal and disposal of disused offshore oil and gas installations sludge in agriculture ; A strategy for better ship dismantling practices ; Use of sewage ; Port infrastructure: facilities for ship-generated waste and cargo residues ; – Titanium dioxide • Disposal of titanium dioxide industrial waste waste ; ; Surveillance and monitoring of titanium dioxide Reduction of pollution caused by waste from the titanium dioxide industry RADIOACTIVE WASTE AND SUBSTANCES – Shipments of radioactive waste: supervision and control Situation in 1999 and prospects for radioactive waste management fuel and radioactive waste ; Shipments of radioactive substances ; ; Management of spent nuclear

• Waste Framework Directive (2010) Article 4: “The following waste hierarchy shall apply as a priority order in waste prevention and management legislation and policy: – (a) prevention; – (b) preparing for re‐use; – (c) recycling; 2015 seperate collection of papers, glass, plastic and metal – (d) other recovery, e.g. energy recovery; and – (e) disposal.” 1

Ambitions Objectives; European Recycling Society with a high level of resource efficiency (a) by 2020, the preparing for re‐use and the recycling of waste materials such as at least paper, metal, plastic and glass from households and possibly from other origins as far as these waste streams are similar to waste from households, shall be increased to a minimum of overall 50 % by weight” (a) by 2020, the preparing for re‐use, recycling and other material recovery, (…) of non‐hazardous construction and demolition waste (…) shall be increased to a minimum of 70 % by weight.”

• • In order to reduce trans‐border shipments of waste out of the EU and between member states of the EU, member states are obliged to co‐operate to create a network of disposal and recovery facilities so that the EU as a whole will be self‐sufficient in dealing with its own waste, and member states can also move towards self‐sufficiency, and waste is processed as close

as possible to its origins.

(an internal market ?)

• • Member states are obliged to develop waste management (and waste prevention) programmes covering the entire country. These plans have to include a comprehensive analysis of all waste streams, existing systems for collection, recovery and disposal, an assessment of the need for new facilities (in the framework of the EU‐wide network required in article 16). Waste prevention programmes also have to be produced by the end of 2013, identifying specific measures for preventing waste

Chances for unions to focus on health and safety/ training ??

•

Landfill directive (1999/31/EC)

The EU's obliges member states to reduce the amount of municipal solid waste in landfill by 65% by 2016 compared to 1995 levels. But it does not give countries binding specifications on what to do with it: a situation that has led most member states to opt for incineration.

• On a European level, if a target of 70% for recycling of key materials was met, conservative estimates suggest that across the EU27 up to

322,000 direct jobs could be created in recycling an additional 115 million tonnes of glass, paper, plastic, ferrous and non ferrous metals, wood, textiles and biowaste. These jobs would have knock on effects in down and upstream sectors and the wider economy and could create 160,900 new indirect jobs and 80,400 induced jobs. The total potential is therefore for more than 563,000 net new jobs (FoE, 2010)

Employment impact

• Waste reduction can entail job losses in the traditional waste collection services, particularly machine operators and drivers.

• Employment in recycling will increase: curbside collection, sorting and reprocessing of recyclables. Incineration and such recycling/ sorting jobs – different skills profile • Recycling is more labour intensive than incineration and landfilling: 241 jobs for recycling 10.000 tonnes, 19 to 41 jobs for incineration and 8 to12 for landfill. • But the risks of bio-waste and recycling to human health and occupational heath and safety must be assessed

• • • Lots of industrial conflict – exploitation Danish research, the outsourcing process has damaging effects on health and safety and security of employment: “The results of a recent study of developments in the working conditions at commercial collection companies show deterioration in respect of health and safety, competence building and job security concurrent with the increase in outsourcing and competition in the sector.” Health and Safety: Swedish research

•

Grunnleggende punkter for et EPSU standpunkt om utviklinger i den europeiske avfallssektoren

• • • • • • • Økte miljøkrav og kontrollverktøyer for avfallssektoren bør gjennomføres i samtlige Eumedlemsland.

Krav om å begrense miljøskadelige stoffer i produkter og garantere at produktene kan resirkuleres; Krav om sertfiserte systemer for miljø- og kvalitetskontroll, blant annet opplæring av personale i samtlige deler av avfallssektoren; Sektorspesifikke retningslinjer for arbeidstakernes arbeidsmiljø; Økonomiske verktøy som vil kontrollere avfallsstrømmene; Krav om "grønt regnskap" i sektoren; Krav om miljømessig- og arbeidsmiljømessig kvalitet for avfallsoperatører i offentlig anbud.

• • • ECJ 2009 - local authorities are allowed to cooperateusing each other’s resources without applying the EU public procurement directives. The decided case dealt with the disposal of waste by neighbouring local authorities at an incinerator owned by the city of Hamburg, Germany, under a cooperation agreement between the public authorities (Case C‐480/06). “a public authority has the possibility of performing the public interest tasks conferred on it by using its own resources, without being obliged to call on outside entities not forming part of its own departments, and that it may do so in cooperation with other public authorities .....” “Community law does not require public authorities to use any particular legal form in order to carry out jointly their public service tasks” (such as a specially created and jointly owned company) and that “such cooperation between public authorities does not undermine the principal objective of the Community rules on public procurement, that is, the free movement of services and the opening‐up of undistorted competition in all the Member States , where implementation of that cooperation is governed solely by considerations and requirements relating to the pursuit of objectives in the public interest”.

EPSU active in several social dialogues (electricity, gas, health, local government, central administration) Waste sector a target Not one European organisation FEAD (private sector) SRI - Swedish Recycling Industries' Association, Atervinningsindustrins Service AB; YYL - The Association of Environmental Enterprises (Finland) Municipal Waste Europe (new and weak capacity) RenoSam, Danish Waste Association; Avfall Norge; Avfall Sverige; JLY, Jätelaitosyhdistys, Finnish Solid Waste Association CEMR (European organisation of municipalities CEEP (Employers with public participation) Several branch organisations for different waste streams Several clubs of municipalities and regions Issues can be: Health and Safety, training/ skills, restructuring, European Waste policy, procurement

The ”recast” EWC directive



Directive 2009/38/EC

1000 (+)



150 (+)



150 (+)

While in electricity and gas almost all companies covered – latest Statkraft – not in waste

Veolia, GdFSuez (SITA)

Attempts in Van Gansewinkel, Ragn-Sells, Spanish companies (FCC/ASA, ACS) Lassila-

Tikonoja , Alba – low levels of organisation,

hostility employer EPSU Coordinators Network Legal Assistance Fund

Intersectoral/ Sectoral/ Company Pay and Conditions

Pay guideline

Policy Research Seminars – Annual Conference Newsletter Coordinated Action – companies

http://www.epsu.org/a/6868

Visibility

Recruitment dimension

Decent Pay and Conditions Jobs to Keep the Planet Green and Clean Integrate Social Demands in Waste Policy; Procurement

Link with Single Market Act proposals

Annual