Transcript Kein Folientitel - Siemens Electric Motors

Automation and Drives
Standard Drives
S tandard Drives
Saving energy with innovative
electric drives
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Automation and Drives
Contents
A&D SD
Standard Drives
1 (CEMEP - EU) - Background
2
EPACT – Main Objectives
3
Comparison of EPACT / CEMEP Measures
3
EPACT/ CEMEP – Motors not covered
4
Measures
5
Motor selection of efficiency
6
Saving energy by optimising the system
7
Profiting from Energy-Saving Potential
8
Checklist for EFF2 and EFF1 motors
9
Mechanical efficiency
10
Siemens Motor Sources
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
EU CEMEP
Background
A&D SD
Standard Drives
Background - Introduction of efficiency classes
acc. to CEMEP - EU
 After the example set by the USA with the EPACT law, the EU is now taking the
initiative in co-operation with CEMEP1) to implement measures for improving
the efficiency levels of electrical drives. Motive: Reduction of the emission of
CO2.
 CEMEP prescribes efficiency classification for 2-pole and 4-pole motors in the
power range from 1.1 to 90 kW. Efficiency is subdivided into three classes so
that 2 characteristic curves define the three classes:
– "eff1" (High-efficiency motors)
– "eff2" (Improved-efficiency motors)
– "eff3" (Standard motors)
1)
CEMEP = European Committee of Manufacturers of Electrical Machines and Power Electronics;
Efficiency determined as before according to EN 60034-2
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
Voluntary Agreement (EU)
Main motives for efficiency classification
A&D SD
Standard Drives
The main objectives of the motor manufacturers are:
 Increase in customer benefits by achieving savings in energy costs
 Market transparency for customers and users
 Facilitation of motor selection for the user
(Source: ZVEI brochure) : Electrical Drives: Cost savings instead of regulation
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
Comparison of EPACT / CEMEP
Law/ Voluntary commitment
A&D SD
Standard Drives
EPACT - USA
CEMEP - Europe
Voluntary undertaking to
– classify efficiency
– drastically reduce EFF3 motors
Status
Legally prescribed
minimum efficiency
Motors
covered
2-, 4- and 6-pole 60 Hz
squirrel-cage motors
1 to 200HP (0.75
to150kW)
2- and 4-pole 50 Hz squirrelcage motors
1.1 to 90 kW
Efficiency
determined acc.
to
IEEE 112 B
Individual-loss procedure
in acc. with IEC 60034-2
Efficiency ( Tol.)
Nominal value N
acc. to NEMA MG1
Tolerance in acc. with
IEC 60034-1
Marking required
Rating plate with
Efficiency (N) and
CC032A
– Efficiency class on rating
plate of motor
– N, 3/4 load and efficiency
class in documentation
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
Comparison of EPACT / CEMEP
Motors not covered
A&D SD
Standard Drives
EPACT - USA
– Motors <1 HP and > 200 HP
– Motors > 6-pole
– Voltages and frequencies different to
230V, 460 V/ 60 Hz
– Motors with flange
– Special motors/ constructions
– Pole-changing motors
– Brake motors, single-phase motors
– Variable-speed drives
– Force-cooled motors
– Geared motors
– Intermittent operation
– Partially and completely overhauled
motors
– NEMA - design C and D (i.e. MA > MK)
21 February 2006
CEMEP - Europe
– Motors < 1.1 kW and > 90 kW
– Motors > 4-pole
– Voltages and frequencies
different to 400 and 525 V 50Hz
– Special motors/constructions
– Pole-changing motors
– Brake motors, single-phase
motors
– Variable-speed drives
– Force - cooled motors
– Integrated geared motors
– Intermittent operation
– Special environmental conditions
– Ex motors
– Hollow-shaft motors
Automation and Drives
EPACT
Rating plate – Frenstat
A&D SD
Standard Drives
Efficiency class (CEMEP)
50 Hz (CEMEP)
21 February 2006
Only when ordered as
design UL (Option D31)
60 Hz (EPACT)
Automation and Drives
Measures
Siemens and CEMEP, 4- pole
A&D SD
Standard Drives
Efficiency, 4 pole motors
100
EFF1_1LG6
EFF1_1LA9,1LA6-E,1LA6-G
95
EU-EFF1
EU-EFF2
EFF2_1LG4
90
EU_EFF2
Efficiency %
EU_EFF1
Previously 1LA6/9
Bisher 1LA5/6/7
Bisher 1LA6/9
85
EFF2_1LA5/6/7
EFF1_1LA6/9
EFF2_1LG4
EFF1_1LG6
80
EFF2 1LA7, 1LA5/1LA6-A
75
Previously 1LA5/6/7
70
1,00
10,00
Output kW
21 February 2006
100,00
Automation and Drives
Measures
Comparison of active components
A&D SD
Standard Drives
EFF1 - Stator
EFF1 - Rotor
EFF2 - Stator
EFF2 - Rotor
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
Measures
Reducing individual losses
A&D SD
Standard Drives
INPUT
Better quality of laminations used
Reduced magnetic
stress
Larger core assembly
Active power
from mains
Winding resistance reduced
due to larger wire cross-section
Stator
P Fe1 ~ K Fe * B2
P CU1 ~ I12 * R1
B2 ~ 1/ m2Fe
Rotor
Improved
bearings
and fans
PR
P
CU2
~ I2‘2 * R2‘
OUTPUT
Mechanical
output
Winding resistance
reduced due to larger rotor slots
(section geometry)
Efficiency increase due to better use of active materials
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
Voluntary Agreement (EU Project)
Facilitation of motor selection
A&D SD
Standard Drives
[%]
95
EU-efficiency classes for motors:
Trend
High-efficiency
90
Improvedefficiency
85
Standard
80
Subdivision into three
efficiency classes
according to the
EU/CEMEP-agreement
75
70
1
21 February 2006
10
The consequence:
Siemens already stopped producing
EFF3-standard-motors and
just produces the energy-saving motors
EFF1 and EFF2 instead
100 [kW]
Automation and Drives
Saving energy by optimising the system
Example: turbo machine drive
A&D SD
Standard Drives
Flow control by throttle
Flow control by rotational speed
Power input
285%
Power input
160%
Losses in:
Transformer
Transformer
281%
265%
158%
~
M
Motor
Losses in:
~
Inverter
152%
Pump
160%
M
Motor
142%
Throttle valve
X
100%
Effective output
21 February 2006
100%
Effective output
Pump
Automation and Drives
A&D SD
Standard Drives
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
Profiting from the energy-saving potential
Checklist for choosing drives efficiently
A&D SD
Standard Drives
 Always control the energy saving balance.
 The purchase of a frequency converter for automatic speed control
will often be amortised shortly by saving energy.
 From 2000 operating hours per year on, energy-saving motors EFF1
generally are the more economic alternative.
 For short operating times (e.g. actuator) energy-saving
motors EFF2 are sufficient.
 By exchanging existing motors into energy-saving
motors, the energy-costs decrease.
 If the motor needs to be repaired, check, if it is more economical to
buy a new energy-saving motor.
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
Efficiency Comparison at 100% and 75% of Rated
Power
A&D SD
Standard Drives
Efficiency Comparison 6600V 4 pole 50Hz
98
Efficiency
97,5
Siemens eff. @100%
97
Comp.eff. @100%
Siemens eff.@75%
96,5
Comp.eff.@75%
96
95,5
0
500
1000
1500
2000
Output Power [kW]
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2500
3000
Automation and Drives
Customer Benefits
A&D SD
Standard Drives
ENERGY SAVING
Example:
1500kW, 2 pole, 6600V Motor (actual info)
Siemens eff. 97.2%
Comp. Eff. 95%
Running time: 24 hours per day, 365 days per Year
Energy cost: R0,2 per kWh
Saving with an improved efficiency
R62 612 pa
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
Source of Supply - Imported
A&D SD
Standard Drives
• Czech Republic, Mohelnice Factory
• From 2.2 kW to 18,5 kW ( CI and Al type )
• 100 to 160 Frame size
• 2 to 8 pole
• 400V to 690
• Statistics
1,91 million motors manufactured annually
1800 employees
ISO 9001 and ISO 14000
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
Source of Supply - Imported
A&D SD
Standard Drives
• Czech Republic, Frenstadt Factory
• From 22 kW to 250 kW
• 180 to 315 Frame size
• 2 to 8 pole
• 400V to 690V
• Statistics
95 000 motors manufactured annually
800 employees
ISO 9001 and ISO 14001
21 February 2006
Automation and Drives
of AC Motors acc. IEC and ANEMA
A&D SD
Standard Drives
N-compact
IEC
H-compact
IEC
200 - 1000 kW
200 - 3000 kW
400 - 690 V
2 - 8 pole
2 - 11 kV
2 - 12 pole
Squirrel cage
Squirrel cage
Cast iron housing
with cooling ribs
IP23, IP55
Cast iron housing
with cooling ribs
IP55
H-compact
PLUS
IEC, ANEMA
Series
1R.5/S.5
IEC
H-modyn
IEC, ANEMA
Special
motors
1000 - 7000 kW
1340 – 9390 HP
7000 - 10000 kW
7000 - 50000 kW
9390 – 67000HP
2000 - 65000 kW
3.3 - 13.2 kV
2 - 12 pole
Squirrel cage
Cast iron-/
Steel housing,
cooler assembly
IP23, IP55, WP II
Cast iron housing
with cooling ribs
ANEMA
ANEMA
150 - 2500 HP
ANEMA
460 – 575 V
2 - 8 pole
0.2 – 11 kV
2 - 16 pole
200 - 10000 HP
Squirrel cage
Squirrel cage
0.2 - 13.8 kV
2 - 16 pole
Cast iron housing
with cooling ribs
Cast iron housing
with cooling ribs
Squirrel cage
IP55/TEFC
ODP, WP I, WP II,
TEAAC/TEWAC
IP55/TEFC
Cast iron housing
21 February 2006
Squirrel cage
slip ring rotor
Synchronous
Cast iron-/
Steel housing,
cooler assembly
IP55, WP II
6 - 13.2 kV
2 - 12 pole
Squirrel cage
Synchronous
Base frame,
Water cooling
IP55, WP II
150 - 1340 HP
(MV-motors with
LV-winding)
3.3 - 13.2 kV
4 - 24 pole
cooler assembly
ODP, WP I, WP II,
TEAAC/TEWAC
690 V - 13.2 kV
Squirrel cage
synchronous
Example:
Motor for
main cooling
pump
Automation and Drives
The Cost Saving Motor from Siemens
A&D SD
Standard Drives
Thank You
21 February 2006