Transcript Slide 1
Comparison of Standardization Systems in the U.S., Russia, and the Customs Union The participation of national institutions in the work of U.S. standards and Rosstandard in addressing international standards, development, adoptions, and utilization of ISO and IEC standards. Gary W Kushnier ANSI Senior Advisor - International April 2, 2014 Founded in 1918, the American National Standards Institute is a private, non-profit organization that leads standards, conformity assessment, and related activities in the United States. ANSI is not a government agency or a standards developer. ANSI oversees the development and use of thousands of standards by accrediting the procedures of standards developers and approving their documents as American National Standards, among many other accreditation and coordination activities. Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 2 U.S. member of ISO U.S. member of the IEC, via ANSI’s U.S. National Committee a U.S. member of IAF and ILAC member of regional forums in the Pacific Rim and the Americas liaison with groups in Europe, Africa and the Middle East bilateral agreements with other national standards bodies Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 3 International Participation and Leadership U.S. is one of the most active member bodies in international forums ANSI is one of 6 permanent members to the ISO Council of 20 and one of 5 permanent members to the ISO Technical Management Board of 14 ANSI and its members participate in 80% of ISO Technical Committees (TC) and administer 20% of ISO TC Secretariats ANSI’s Joe Bhatia currently serves as President of COPANT ANSI’s Lane Hallenbeck serves as Chairman of the ISO Conformity Assessment Committee (CASCO) U.S.’s Jim Matthews currently serves as IEC Vice-President and Chairman of the Standardization Management Board Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 4 U.S. Technical Advisory Groups (TAGs) to ISO and IEC Similar to Accredited Standards Developers, U.S. TAGs are accredited by ANSI and must follow the Institute’s cardinal principles, including openness and due process ANSI sets policy for U.S. TAGs because the Institute is recognized as the official U.S. member of ISO and to the IEC (through its U.S. National Committee) ANSI pays total dues for U.S. membership in ISO and IEC and represents the U.S. in other global and regional forums Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 5 Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 6 The ANSI Federation represents more than 125,000 companies and organizations and 3.5 million professionals worldwide. Members of the ANSI Federation include . . . Academia Individuals Government Manufacturing Trade Associations Professional Societies Service Organizations Standards Developers Consumer and Labor Interests and many more Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 7 U.S. Standardization System In the U.S. alone, there are more than 100,000 standards These documents are being developed by: Hundreds of standards developing organizations (SDOs) Over 500 consortia Thousands of committees Over 10,000 approved American National Standards Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 8 U.S. Standardization System Emphasizes private-sector standards solutions Standards users drive activities Provides a strong voice and greater authority to standards users and individual stakeholders Strength from diversity Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 9 U.S. Standards System examples of roles and responsibilities ANSI Coordinates U.S. system and policy development Standards Developers Companies Consumers Government NIST x Independently runs standards development activities x Coordinates and monitors USG use of and participation in VCS activities x Legal metrology and WTO-TBT enquiry point x Provides technical input for standards development Participates in U.S. policy development x x x x x x x x x x Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 10 The Public-Private Partnership System is led by private sector No single government agency has control over standards Each agency determines which standards meet its needs National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) — Public Law 104-113 Standards are “incorporated by reference” into federal legislation Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 11 The U.S. will . . . . Adopt International Standards as American National Standards (where they meet the needs of the user community) Submit American National Standards for adoption as regional or International Standards Ensure that U.S. positions (policy and technical) are accepted by international and regional standards organizations Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 12 “Good Practices” for Standardization Standards should meet societal and market needs and should not be developed to act as barriers to trade The U.S. endorses the globally accepted standardization principles of the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement Committee Decision: Transparency Coherence Openness Due process Impartiality Technical Assistance Effectiveness and relevance Flexible Consensus Timely Performance-based Balanced Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 13 In Other Words… Global relevance is not measured by who developed the standard, or where. Use in the global marketplace is the best measure of an international standard Global Relevance Is Critical Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 14 Different Views on “International” CEN and CENELEC, for example, adopt and rely upon ISO and IEC standards, and define these as international ANSI and U.S. stakeholders take multiple-path approach ANSI is proud to be U.S. member body to ISO and IEC (via USNC) Globally relevant standards may be developed by ISO, IEC, ASTM, API, ASME or any other standards developer that adheres to WTO/TBT principles Users decide which standards meet their needs, which SDOs they want to work with Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 15 The Multiple Path Approach different tools for globally relevant standards National Participation (one country one vote) Direct Participation Treaty Organizations Nationally Accepted Non-Treaty Organizations Internationally Accepted Consortia Examples Examples Examples ISO, IEC, ITU, CODEX, etc. ASTM International, ASME, IEEE, SAE, etc. IGRS, W3C, etc. Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 16 Role of NIST in the U.S. Standards System Assure that the measurement capability needed to support commerce in U.S. goods and services exists around the world. Assure that U.S. manufacturers can have access to whatever accreditation or conformity assessment system is required by any country in the world for importation of goods or services. Conduct scientific, technological, and metrological activities to further U.S. foreign policy. Assure that international standards reflect U.S. measurement capabilities to the extent possible. Provide education and training in measurements, standards and measurement and standards systems. Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 Slide 17 NIST is a Partner in the U.S. System Conducts Measurement Research Produces Standard Reference Data and Standard Reference Materials Performs Calibrations and Tests Conducts Laboratory Accreditation Participates in Public/Private Standards Development 400 NIST staff on 900 committees from standards bodies such as ASTM, ANSI, ISO, API, ASME, UL and many others Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 Slide 18 NIST and ANSI Long, fruitful partnership between ANSI and NIST Representative of the public-private partnership Formalized by MoU signed in 2000 Clarifies respective roles and responsibilities Underscores commitment to cooperation and partnership Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 Slide 19 Enhance U.S. Competitiveness and Innovation Assert U.S. Leadership Role Serve as Bridge between Public and Private ANSI Improve Operations 2014 Priorities Develop Partnerships and Opportunities Support and Protect Standards Ecosystem Engage New Constituents / Expand Role in Marketplace Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 20 Priority: Assert U.S. Leadership Role in the Regional and International Standardization Community Leverage and seek regional policy leadership Assume and retain technical leadership within ISO and IEC 90% 80% Identify relevant U.S. stakeholders to support new activities Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 21 Priority: Competitiveness Competitiveness U.S. – German Standards Panel | October 15, 2013 Slide 22 Coordination and Harmonization Activities ANSI Standards Panels and Collaboratives are cross-sector coordinating bodies established to promote the development and compatibility of voluntary consensus standards and conformity assessment programs necessary to support national and global priorities Coordinate the efforts of the private and public sectors Identify existing standards and compliance programs Define where gaps exist Recommend where additional work is needed Identify organizations that can perform the needed work Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 23 ANSI Collaboratives and Workshops 1994 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Information Infrastructure Standards Panel Homeland Defense and Security Standardization Collaborative Nanotechnology Standards Panel Healthcare Information Technology Standards Panel ID Theft Prevention and ID Management Standards Panel Biofuels Standards Coordination Panel 2007 2009 2009 2010 2011 2012 ANSI Network on Chemical Regulation Workshop Toward Product Standards for Sustainability ANSI-NIST Nuclear Energy Standards Coordination Collaborative The Financial Management of Cyber Risk ANSI Electric Vehicles Standards Panel ANSI Energy Efficiency Standards Coordination Collaborative Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2013 ANSI Workshop: Smart and Sustainable Cities 2014 ANSI Slide 24 Priority: Protecting the System Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 25 Incorporation by Reference and the ANSI IBR Portal ibr.ansi.org Issue: Increasing attention being paid to the issue of IBR’ed standards and “reasonable availability” January 14, 2014: ANSI’s VP and General Counsel testified to House Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Internet on “The Scope of Copyright Protection” One solution: ANSI IBR Portal Launched October 2013, with 15 major SDOs participating — and growing Goal: Provide a single solution for reasonable access to incorporated standards while protecting the standards development ecosystem, SDOs’ business models, and copyrights ANSI Update to USNC Council | January 23, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 26 U.S. – German Standards Panel | October 15, 2013 Slide 27 Priority: Stakeholder Outreach 2014 Strategic Priorities | Executive Committee, November 6, 2013 Slide 28 Corporate leaders need: Standards 101 Strategic Understanding SPRING Keynote Address | June 29, 2011 Slide 29 Standardization Impacts Everything U.S. – German Standards Panel | October 15, 2013 Critical Role of Standardization 80% = $14T of global commodity trade Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 31 Where the Rubber Meets the Road: Industry Must Participate in Standards Development SPRING Keynote Address | June 29, 2011 Slide 32 www.standardsboostbusiness.org Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 33 Standards and Conformance Are the Ultimate Shapers “The best way to predict the future is to have a hand in shaping it.” – Peter Drucker Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014 2014 ANSI Slide 34 American National Standards Institute Gary W Kushnier Senior Advisor International Headquarters 1899 L Street, NW 11th Floor Washington, DC 20036 New York Office 25 West 43rd Street 4th Floor New York, NY 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