Transcript Slide 1
Comparison of Standardization Systems
in the U.S., Russia, and the Customs Union
The participation of national institutions in the work of U.S. standards and
Rosstandard in addressing international standards, development,
adoptions, and utilization of ISO and IEC standards.
Gary W Kushnier
ANSI Senior Advisor - International
April 2, 2014
Founded in 1918, the American National Standards Institute is a
private, non-profit organization that leads standards, conformity
assessment, and related activities in the United States.
ANSI is not a government agency or a standards developer.
ANSI oversees the development and use of thousands of
standards by accrediting the procedures of standards developers
and approving their documents as American National Standards,
among many other accreditation and coordination activities.
Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014
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U.S. member of ISO
U.S. member of the IEC,
via ANSI’s U.S. National Committee
a U.S. member of IAF and ILAC
member of regional forums in the
Pacific Rim and the Americas
liaison with groups in Europe,
Africa and the Middle East
bilateral agreements with
other national standards bodies
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International Participation and Leadership
U.S. is one of the most active member bodies in international forums
ANSI is one of 6 permanent members to the ISO Council of 20 and one
of 5 permanent members to the ISO Technical Management Board of 14
ANSI and its members participate in 80% of ISO Technical Committees
(TC) and administer 20% of ISO TC Secretariats
ANSI’s Joe Bhatia currently serves as President of COPANT
ANSI’s Lane Hallenbeck serves as Chairman of the ISO Conformity
Assessment Committee (CASCO)
U.S.’s Jim Matthews currently serves as IEC Vice-President and
Chairman of the Standardization Management Board
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U.S. Technical Advisory Groups
(TAGs) to ISO and IEC
Similar to Accredited Standards Developers, U.S. TAGs are
accredited by ANSI and must follow the Institute’s cardinal
principles, including openness and due process
ANSI sets policy for U.S. TAGs because the Institute is
recognized as the official U.S. member of ISO and to
the IEC (through its U.S. National Committee)
ANSI pays total dues for U.S. membership in ISO and IEC and
represents the U.S. in other global and regional forums
Comparison of Standardization Systems: U.S. | April 2, 2014
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The ANSI Federation represents more than 125,000 companies
and organizations and 3.5 million professionals worldwide.
Members of the ANSI Federation include . . .
Academia
Individuals
Government
Manufacturing
Trade Associations
Professional Societies
Service Organizations
Standards Developers
Consumer and Labor Interests
and many more
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U.S. Standardization System
In the U.S. alone, there are more than
100,000 standards
These documents are being developed by:
Hundreds of standards developing organizations (SDOs)
Over 500 consortia
Thousands of committees
Over 10,000 approved American National Standards
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U.S. Standardization System
Emphasizes private-sector standards solutions
Standards users drive activities
Provides a strong voice and greater authority to
standards users and individual stakeholders
Strength from diversity
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U.S. Standards System
examples of roles and responsibilities
ANSI
Coordinates U.S. system and
policy development
Standards
Developers
Companies
Consumers
Government
NIST
x
Independently runs standards
development activities
x
Coordinates and monitors
USG use of and participation
in VCS activities
x
Legal metrology and
WTO-TBT enquiry point
x
Provides technical input for
standards development
Participates in
U.S. policy development
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
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The Public-Private Partnership
System is led by private sector
No single government agency has control over standards
Each agency determines which standards meet its needs
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
(NTTAA) — Public Law 104-113
Standards are “incorporated by reference” into
federal legislation
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The U.S. will . . . .
Adopt
International Standards as
American National Standards
(where they meet the needs
of the user community)
Submit
American
National Standards
for adoption as regional
or International
Standards
Ensure that
U.S. positions (policy
and technical) are
accepted by international
and regional
standards
organizations
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“Good Practices” for Standardization
Standards should meet societal and market needs and should not
be developed to act as barriers to trade
The U.S. endorses the globally accepted standardization principles of the
World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement
Committee Decision:
Transparency
Coherence
Openness
Due process
Impartiality
Technical Assistance
Effectiveness and relevance
Flexible
Consensus
Timely
Performance-based
Balanced
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In Other Words…
Global relevance is not measured by who developed
the standard, or where.
Use in the global marketplace is the
best measure of an international
standard
Global Relevance
Is Critical
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Different Views on “International”
CEN and CENELEC, for example, adopt and rely upon
ISO and IEC standards, and define these as international
ANSI and U.S. stakeholders take multiple-path approach
ANSI is proud to be U.S. member body to ISO and IEC (via USNC)
Globally relevant standards may be developed by ISO, IEC,
ASTM, API, ASME or any other standards developer that
adheres to WTO/TBT principles
Users decide which standards meet their needs, which SDOs
they want to work with
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The Multiple Path Approach
different tools for globally relevant standards
National Participation
(one country one vote)
Direct Participation
Treaty Organizations
Nationally Accepted
Non-Treaty
Organizations
Internationally
Accepted
Consortia
Examples
Examples
Examples
ISO, IEC, ITU, CODEX, etc.
ASTM International,
ASME, IEEE, SAE, etc.
IGRS, W3C, etc.
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Role of NIST in the
U.S. Standards System
Assure that the measurement capability needed to support
commerce in U.S. goods and services exists around the world.
Assure that U.S. manufacturers can have access to whatever accreditation
or conformity assessment system is required by any country in the world
for importation of goods or services.
Conduct scientific, technological, and metrological activities to further
U.S. foreign policy.
Assure that international standards reflect U.S. measurement capabilities
to the extent possible.
Provide education and training in measurements, standards and
measurement and standards systems.
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NIST is a Partner in the U.S. System
Conducts Measurement Research
Produces Standard Reference Data and Standard
Reference Materials
Performs Calibrations and Tests
Conducts Laboratory Accreditation
Participates in Public/Private Standards Development
400 NIST staff on 900 committees from standards bodies
such as ASTM, ANSI, ISO, API, ASME, UL and many others
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NIST and ANSI
Long, fruitful partnership between ANSI and NIST
Representative of the public-private partnership
Formalized by MoU signed in 2000
Clarifies respective roles and responsibilities
Underscores commitment to cooperation and partnership
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Enhance U.S.
Competitiveness
and Innovation
Assert U.S.
Leadership Role
Serve as Bridge
between Public
and Private
ANSI
Improve
Operations
2014
Priorities
Develop
Partnerships and
Opportunities
Support and Protect
Standards
Ecosystem
Engage New
Constituents /
Expand Role in
Marketplace
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Priority: Assert U.S. Leadership Role
in the Regional and International Standardization Community
Leverage and seek regional policy leadership
Assume and retain technical leadership within ISO and IEC
90%
80%
Identify relevant U.S. stakeholders to support new activities
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Priority: Competitiveness
Competitiveness
U.S. – German Standards Panel
| October 15, 2013
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Coordination and
Harmonization Activities
ANSI Standards Panels and Collaboratives are cross-sector
coordinating bodies established to promote the development and
compatibility of voluntary consensus standards and conformity
assessment programs necessary to support national and global priorities
Coordinate the efforts of the private and public sectors
Identify existing standards and compliance programs
Define where gaps exist
Recommend where additional work is needed
Identify organizations that can perform the needed work
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ANSI Collaboratives and Workshops
1994
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Information
Infrastructure
Standards Panel
Homeland Defense
and Security
Standardization
Collaborative
Nanotechnology
Standards
Panel
Healthcare
Information
Technology
Standards Panel
ID Theft Prevention
and ID Management
Standards Panel
Biofuels Standards
Coordination
Panel
2007
2009
2009
2010
2011
2012
ANSI Network on
Chemical
Regulation
Workshop Toward
Product Standards
for Sustainability
ANSI-NIST Nuclear
Energy Standards
Coordination
Collaborative
The Financial
Management of
Cyber Risk
ANSI
Electric Vehicles
Standards Panel
ANSI
Energy Efficiency
Standards Coordination
Collaborative
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2013
ANSI Workshop:
Smart and
Sustainable
Cities
2014 ANSI
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Priority: Protecting the System
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Incorporation by Reference
and the ANSI IBR Portal
ibr.ansi.org
Issue: Increasing attention being paid to the issue of IBR’ed standards and
“reasonable availability”
January 14, 2014: ANSI’s VP and General Counsel testified to House
Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Internet on
“The Scope of Copyright Protection”
One solution: ANSI IBR Portal
Launched October 2013, with 15 major SDOs participating — and growing
Goal: Provide a single solution for reasonable access to incorporated standards while
protecting the standards development ecosystem, SDOs’ business models, and
copyrights
ANSI Update to USNC Council | January 23, 2014
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U.S. – German Standards Panel
| October 15, 2013
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Priority:
Stakeholder Outreach
2014 Strategic Priorities | Executive Committee, November 6, 2013
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Corporate leaders need:
Standards 101
Strategic
Understanding
SPRING Keynote Address | June 29, 2011
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Standardization
Impacts
Everything
U.S. – German Standards Panel
| October 15, 2013
Critical Role of Standardization
80% =
$14T
of global commodity trade
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Where the Rubber Meets the Road:
Industry Must Participate in
Standards Development
SPRING Keynote Address | June 29, 2011
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www.standardsboostbusiness.org
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Standards and Conformance
Are the Ultimate Shapers
“The best way to predict the future is
to have a hand in shaping it.”
– Peter Drucker
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American National Standards Institute
Gary W Kushnier
Senior Advisor International
Headquarters
1899 L Street, NW
11th Floor
Washington, DC 20036
New York Office
25 West 43rd Street
4th Floor
New York, NY 10036
T: 202.293.8020
F: 202.293.9287
T: 212.642.4900
F: 212.398.0023
[email protected]
www.ansi.org
webstore.ansi.org
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