Transcript AMERICAN RED CROSS - Ashland Community & Technical College

AMERICAN RED CROSS
ADULT CPR
SECTION I
Recognizing Emergencies
• Look For
– Unusual odors
• Discuss
– Unusual sights
• Discuss
– Unusual sounds
• Discuss
– Unusual appearances
• Discuss
Chain of Survival
CHAIN OF SURVIVAL
CITIZEN RESPONDER
FIRST REPONDER
EMT CARE
HOSPITAL
Key Steps in any Emergency
• CHECK
– Scene for safety, number of victims, and what
happened
– Victim for Life threatening conditions
• Consciousness, Airway, Breathing, Circulation,
Severe Bleeding
• Call 911 or local emergency number
• Care for victims life threatening conditions
CALL
WHEN RESPONDER IS ALONE
• CALL FIRST
– An unconscious adult or
child 8 years or older
– An unconscious infant or
child known to be a high
risk for heart problems
– Cardiac Emergencies,
Sudden Cardiac Arrest.
• CARE FIRST (Provide
two minutes of care, then call
911)
– An unconscious victim less
than 8 years old
– Any victim of submersion
or near drowning.
– Any victim of cardiac
arrest associated with
trauma
– Any victim of Drug
overdose
– Often Breathing related
WHEN TO CALL EMS
• Is or becomes unconscious
• Has trouble breathing or breathing in
strange way
• Has chest discomfort more than 3-5 minutes
• Is bleeding severely
• Has pressure or pain in the abdomen that
does not go away
• Is vomiting or passing blood
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WHEN TO CALL EMS
• Has a seizure that lasts more than 5 minutes or
multiple seizures
• Has a seizure and is pregnant
• Has a seizure and is diabetic
• Has a severe headache or slurred speech
• Appears to have been poisoned
• Has injuries to the head, neck or back.
• Has possible broken bones.
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WHEN TO CALL EMS
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Fire or explosion
Downed electrical lines
Swiftly moving or rapidly rising water
Presence of poisonous gas
Vehicle collisions
Victims who cannot be moved easily
Caring for Shock
• Shock is a condition in which the
circulatory system fails to deliver blood to
all parts of the body.
• This triggers a response that produces
signals of shock.
• Shock is likely to develop in any serious
injury or illness
Emergencies That Can Cause
Shock
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Injuries
Excessive bleeding
Cardiac emergencies
Strokes
Seizures
Diabetic reactions
Poisoning and allergic reactions
Bites and stings
Emotional trauma
Signals of Shock
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Restlessness and irritability
Altered consciousness
Nausea
Pale or ashen, cool, moist skin
Rapid breathing
Rapid pulse
Caring for Shock
• Have victim lie down. Resting in a more
comfortable position will lessen pain
• Call 911 immediately. Shock cannot be managed
by first aid and is life threatening
• Control external bleeding
• Elevate legs about 12” unless you suspect head,
neck, back injury or broken bones
• Help victim maintain normal body temp
• Do not give anything to eat or drink
• Reassure the victim
Checking an Unconscious Adult
Checking an Unconscious Adult
If you have to leave an unconscious, breathing victim
for any reason, you should place the victim in the
recovery position if no head, neck or back injuries are
suspected.
Check for signs of circulation in the lower arm. If the
victim’s arm is pale, ashen, grayish or cool to the
touch or the victim has been in the recovery position
for more than 30 minutes, turn the victim on the other
side.
Checking an Unconscious Adult
• Check consciousness
– Tap and shout
• Airway
– Head tilt – chin lift
• Breathing
– Look, listen, and feel for 5-10 seconds
• Circulation
– Check for pulse and signs of Circulation for 10 seconds
and then check for severe bleeding
Checking a Conscious Adult
Checking a Conscious Adult
• Imagine you just heard a call for help.
Outside you find a person lying at the
bottom of a ladder. The person is trying to
sit up.
• What information can you gather?
What info can you gather?
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Is the scene safe?
Is the victim conscious?
Is the victim breathing?
Does the victim show signs of circulation?
Is the victim bleeding severely?
Does the victim have a possible head, back or
neck injury?
• Does the victim have any other injuries?
What questions should you ask?
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Can I help you?
What is your name?
What happened?
Do you have any pain?
Do you have any allergies?
Are you taking any medications?
Are you feeling any numbness or loss of
sensation?
• When did you last eat or drink something?