Transcript Oh no! Bed Bugs!Bed Bug Basics for LibrariesPennsylvania

Oh no! Bed Bugs!
Bed Bug Basics for Libraries
Pennsylvania Integrated Pest Management Program
www.paipm.org
Dion Lerman
Environmental Health Programs Specialist
PA Applicator #705688
[email protected]
Today's Topics
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Introductions
What you've seen
Bed bug overview
What you can do
Not much about how to help patrons…
Disclaimers
• Products, vendors, or commercial services
mentioned or pictured in the trainings or
presentations are for illustrative purposes only and
are not meant to be endorsements.
• Medical concerns must be addressed by a medical
professional.
• Do not take legal action based on this presentation;
consult a lawyer.
• TURN: Tenant Union Representative Network (215) 940-3900
Sources:
• Based on Peer-reviewed literature
(Citation Date)
• Available for download:
– Complete Bibliography
– Research Papers
– Protocols
– Educational materials
– Website resources
• Constantly updated
Introductions
Briefly tell us:
• Your name
• Which branch &
neighborhood
• How long you have
been there
• How often do you
encounter bed bugs?
Philadelphia’s Bed Bugs
(Mabud et al 2014)
The Bed bug’s Home…
• Is in homes
• Bed bugs don’t live
outdoors
• Where people sleep
• Travel by hitchhiking
– Bedside books…
• Non-home locations are
important transfer points
– Libraries!
• Introduction vs. Infestation
Toronto Libraries
• Well-publicized discovery,
2/15/15
• BB removed; area
steamed; will be
reinspected per protocol…
• In 2012, the Toronto Public
Library had 38 reported
and 24 confirmed bed bug
incidents
http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2012/12/20/bedbugs_found_in_toronto_public_library_books.html
What have you seen?
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How have BB come in?
In books?
On patrons?
Found in chairs?
Other?
What have you done?
• Response at time
• Policy & Protocols
– Books
– People
– Furniture & other things
• Changes?
• Controls?
Hopefully – NOT!
Brief Social History of Bed bugs
• Evolved from Bat bugs
– Present throughout history – Egypt,
Greeks, prisons…
• One-third of Americans…
– Social problem; social solutions
– Mattress laws; public housing
• DDT & synthetic pesticides
– Resistance happens
• Return & resurgence
– Genetics
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How to ID a
Bed bug
NYC Department of
Health & Mental Hygiene,
2001
http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/bedbugs/html/basic
s/bed-bug-id.shtml
Bedbugs
• Identify properly – don’t
assume!
– Bat bugs & swallow bugs
– Cockroaches, ticks & lice, oh my!
• Life cycle
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Nymph to adult – must feed
Poppy to apple-seed size
6-12 eggs laid @ 2-3 days
Eggs resistant
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How & why Bed bugs spread
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Sex (theirs, not ours!)
Over the counter chemicals
Hitchhiking
Used mattresses & furniture
By visitors
Even by pest control
technicians, or by agency staff!
• Reports are now stable
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Community Bed Bug Response
Home
Other
Children
Work
School
Misconceptions
• You only get bed bugs
because you are “dirty”
– False: But can be affected by
clutter
• “Bed bugs only affect the
poor”
– False: They often infest poor
housing
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Misconceptions
– High infestations in transient or
overpopulated residences
– Constant flow of people in and out
– Undocumented folks reluctant to
report problems
– Up to 40% of apartments with bed
bugs contain 6 or more people
(Rollo, 2011)
Dini Miller, VT
• “Certain people” are more willing
to get & live with bed bugs” False!
Introduction vs. Infestation
• Bed bugs travel as pioneers & hitch-hike:
– Single bugs, often female, probably mated
– Introduction
• Must establish self & create colony:
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Find harborage
Find host & feed successfully (10 min)
Lay eggs; hatch
1st Instars find host, feed & survive
Nymphs survive to adulthood (5 instars)
Male mates with female (inc. possibly mother!)
• Colony is breeding = Infestation
First signs…
(Find out how many and where they are)
Bed bug bites on a woman’s leg. Photo from
www.bedbugger.com.
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Rows of Bites
Source: Phil Kohler, University of Florida
Why Bites are in Rows
Photo: Louis N. Sorkin, B.C.E.
Entsult Associates, Inc.
Bites & Secondary infections
• Bites can become infected
from scratching
– Children & others: infected
sores, cellulitis, impetigo
(Goddard & deShazo 2009)
– Diabetics – unhealed ulcers
• Long term problem
• BB have not been shown
to spread diseases
Photos: Louis N. Sorkin, B.C.E.,
Entsult Associates, Inc.
Signs of Bed Bugs
Photos: Louis N. Sorkin, B.C.E.,
Entsult Associates, Inc.
Where do they live?
• Hidden places
– Cracks & crevices – 1/16”
– Folds & edges
• Mattresses & Box springs
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Near the bed
Baseboards & walls
Closets – clothes!
Radiator covers…
• Radiating out from the bed
Psychological reactions
• Tiny, blood-sucking parasites
– In their bed
– In their children’s bed!
(Susser, et al 2012)
• Social distancing & Isolation
• Desperate measures
• Self-harm
(CDC 2011)
Photo: Dini Miller, Virginia Tech
• Sleep disturbance
Delusionary Infestation (DI)
• Delusionary parasitosis (DP)
• People who think they are being bitten
– People who think they are infested
– Seek to exterminate non-existent pest
• Medical condition; OTC, prescription or street
drugs, dermatologic reactions…
– Harm themselves – cutting, burns…
– Only lice & scabies mites – nothing invisible!
• Webinar at StopPests.org
(Lepping & Hinkle 2013; Hinkle 2000)
Nancy C Hinkle
• Bed bugs don’t infest (live on or in)
people
Don’t use aerosols or foggers!
• Pesticides may only be applied
by a licensed PMP
• Spray cans
• “Total Release Foggers”
• Doesn’t kill bed bugs
• Many bugs resistant to the
fogger chemicals
• Does not penetrate well
• Creates toxic fog
• Leaves poison residues
• You soak it up!
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“Snake Oil” Solutions
• “Natural” not necessarily safe or effective
– Desire to be “green”
– FIFRA sec. 25 (b) – EPA Exempt formulas
– EPA enforcement for unproven claims
• Efficacy study, Rutgers, 2013
– 9 “Natural” products tested
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2151-
>95-100% - effective after 10 day
60%
<50%
0%
– 2 Professional Pesticides:
• Temprid SC - 100% - after 3 days
• Demand - ineffective
(Singh, Wang & Cooper 2013)
What You Can Do
Suggested Tactics For Libraries
Early Detection & Response
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Be a keen observer!
Have a plan!
Create bed bug literacy!
Educate & train everyone
Screen constantly
Consider using interceptors
Have a pest control contractor
– Pest Management Professional (PMP)
Policy & Protocols
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Communications
Incoming books & materials
Patrons, including children
BB in public areas
BB in staff areas
Staff with BB
Other issues?
Communications
– Patrons
– Staff
– Media
• Spokespeople
– Resource site
• Messaging
– KISS
Photo: Changlu Wang, Rutgers
• To everyone: pathways
Incoming books & materials
• Smooth plastic collection tubs (w/ covers)
• Visual inspection of all materials
– Book covers, DVD inserts…
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Quarantine suspect material – seal!
Samples – in rubbing alcohol or clear tape
Treat: freeze or heat
Hold before reshelving – clean sealed tubs
– 2 weeks to allow eggs to hatch – inspect for
nymphs
Daily screening
• Patron seating
• Reading circle
areas/mats; upholstered
areas
• Rug & carpet edges
• Book carts
• Locker, cubbies, carrels
• Staff lockers
• High use areas – such
as…
ThermalStrike Heat Treatment Unit
Photo: Changlu Wang, Rutgers
Climb-Up Interceptors
Installed…
After 2 weeks!…
Regular screening
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Circulation desk
Shelves – when reshelving
Public rooms
Staff areas – break rooms
Consider Scent-detecting
Canines
• Consider lure traps at
night
Scout, NYC
Photo: Dini Miller, Virginia Tech
Patrons with Bed Bugs
• Remember patron
privacy!
• Patrons may not be
refused service for BB
– Chronic issue: suspend
borrowing?
• Direct patron to resources
• Check areas when patron
was
Bed Bugs in Public Areas
• Close area temporarily
• Remove materials to
quarantine
• Do not move furniture – mark
“Do not use”
• Inspect & clean hard surface
furniture
• Have PMP inspect & treat
upholstered furniture, carpet
edges, etc.
Verify Active Monitor
Nightwatch CO2 Monitor
Bed Bugs in Staff areas
• Inspect
• Close areas if
necessary
• Remove BB or call
PMP
• Determine source?
Make offices unfriendly to bed bugs
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Keep clutter down (impedes detection/solutions)
Caulk cracks, crevices & paint walls a light color
Use plastic or metal client seating
Keep a plastic bin on floor next to chair or client’s
handbag, etc.
• Use bed bug barriers on feet of desks or cubicle
walls (e.g. ClimbUp Interceptors)
• Report any concerns immediately to office IPM
Coordinator!
Staff with Bed Bugs
Photos: Changlu Wang, Rutgers
• Respect privacy!
• Meet privately to discuss
• Info & any available assistance for
treatment
• Minimize transfers to/from library
• Clothing protocol
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Store clean clothing BB-free
Change in BB-free area or at work
Store clothes in sealed bag or bin
Store personal items in lidded bin
Treatment options
• Vacuums –suck ‘em up!
– Use interceptor on nozzle
• Freeze – chest freezer
– -5°F for 5 days min.
• Heat – clothes dryer, Thermal Strike, etc.
– Core temp over 120°F for at least 30 min.
• Steam – Commercial steamer
– Low pressure, low vapor; slow!
• No pesticide use by staff
– Only licensed Pest Management
Professionals
Vigilance
• Prevention - set up bed bug prevention protocols
and stick to them
• Train everybody for signs
• Train maintenance for detection & identification
• Respond immediately
• Have a Pest Management Professional on contract
Arizona Residents…
(Gouge 2015; 289 respondents 3 month of 2014)
Pesticide Help
Information:
• National Pesticide Information
Center
– http://npic.orst.edu/
– 1.800.858.7378
http://npic.orst.edu/webapps.html
Emergency:
• Poison Control Centers:
– 1.800.222.1222
– 24/7, nationwide, answered
locally
The take home message . .
It takes a village to control bed bugs!
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Resources
• PA IPM Program
– www.extension.psu.edu/ipm
• US Environmental Protection Agency
– www.epa.gov/bedbugs
• IPM in Multifamily Housing
– www.StopPests.org
– http://www.stoppests.org/success-stories/research-database/
• National Center for Healthy Housing
– www.nchh.org/Training/National-Healthy-Homes-Training-Center.aspx
• Dini M. Miller, PhD, Virginia Tech
– www.vdacs.virginia.gov/pesticides/bedbugs.shtml
• Changlu Wang, PhD, Rutgers University
– njaes.rutgers.edu/pubs/publication.asp?pid=FS1098
• Northeastern IPM Center
– www.neipmc.org/
• NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
– www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/vector/vector-faq1.shtml
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Bed Bug Videos
• Bed Bug Awareness Video
– Ontario Non-Profit Housing Association
• Bed Bugs and Integrated Pest Management
– Rutgers University
• Bed Bug TV Episodes
– Bed Bug Central TV
– How to Inspect a Bed for Bed Bugs
– Bed Bug Dry Ice Trap
• National Bed Bug Summit Video Webinar Presentations
– U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Acknowledgements
Sources & images only – any errors & misinterpretations
are mine!
•Alexis Barbarin, NC State University
•Don Baumgartner, EPA Region 5
•Jody Gangloff-Kaufmann, NYS Cooperative Extension
•Dini Miller, Virginia Tech
•Lou Sorkin, American Museum of Natural History
•Allie Taisey, StopPests.org
•Changlu Wang, Rutgers University
Pest Control Professionals:
•Rhonda Griffin, Pest Free Maintenance
•Marty Overline, Aardvark Pest Management
•Phil & Rick Cooper, Cooper Pest
Control/BedBugCentral.com & Jeff White, BedBugTV
Dini Miller
Changlu Wang
Rhonda Griffin
Pennsylvania Integrated Pest Management Program
Penn State University/Extension
Dion Lerman, Healthy Homes Specialist
Penn State Center
675 Sansom Street
Philadelphia, PA 19106
215-264-0582
[email protected]
http://www.paipm.org
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