Transcript William Shakespeare - Riverdale High School

Bell Work 11/8/2011
What is the rhyme scheme?
Then let not winter's ragged hand deface
In thee thy summer, ere thou be distill'd:
Make sweet some vial; treasure thou some place
With beauty's treasure, ere it be self-kill'd.
That use is not forbidden usury,
Which happies those that pay the willing loan;
That's for thyself to breed another thee,
Or ten times happier, be it ten for one;
A
B
A
B
C
D
C
D
E
Ten times thyself were happier than thou art,
F
If ten of thine ten times refigured thee:
E
Then what could death do, if thou shouldst depart, F
Leaving thee living in posterity?
G
Be not self-will'd, for thou art much too fair,
To be death's conquest and make worms thine heir. G
William Shakespeare
Widely regarded as the
greatest writer in English
Literature
Born
April 26 1564
Died
1616
Shakespeare
• 1564-1616
• Stratford-on-Avon, England
• wrote 37 plays
• about 154 sonnets
• started out as an actor
• A sonnet is a 14-line verse form usually
having one of several conventional rhyme
schemes.
Iambic Pentameter- a common meter in
poetry consisting of an unrhymed line with
five feet or accents, each foot containing an
unaccented syllable and an accented
syllableIAMBIC PENTAMETER
Hewland Farm in Shottery
Anne Hathaway
• Grew up on a farm in
Shottery about a mile
from where WS lived
• 25/26 when they
married- old maid but
she had a dowry
• Will was 17/18 when
they married
• They HAD to get
married
Shakespeare’s Birthplace
Holy Trinity parish
church- Stratford
Upon Avon where
Shakespeare is
buried
You can go in and
see his grave and
those of his wife
and children
There he is!
Stage Celebrity
• Actor for Lord Chamberlain’s
Men (London theater co.)
• Also > principal playwright for
them
• 1599> Lord Ch. Co. built Globe
Theater where most of Sh. Play’s
were performed
The Globe Theater
Shakespeare wrote:
• Comedies
• Histories
• Tragedies
The Theater
• Plays produced for the general
public
• Roofless>open air
• No artificial lighting
• Courtyard surrounded by 3 levels
of galleries
Spectators
• Wealthy got benches
• “Groundlings”>poorer people
stood and watched from the
courtyard (“pit”)
• All but wealthy were
uneducated/illiterate
• Much more interaction than today
Staging Areas
• Stage>platform that extended into
the pit
• Dressing & storage rooms in
galleries behind & above stage
• second-level gallery> upper stage>
famous balcony scene in R & J
• Trap door>ghosts
• “Heavens”> angelic beings
Differences
• No scenery
• Settings > references in
dialogue
• Elaborate costumes
• Plenty of props
• Fast-paced, colorful>2 hours!
Actors
• Only men and boys
• Young boys whose voices had not
changed play women’s roles
• Would have been considered
indecent for a woman to appear
on stage
Dramatic Foil
• A character whose
purpose is to show off
another character
–Benvolio for Tybalt
•look for others in R & J
Round characters
• Characters who have
many personality
traits, like real people.
Flat Characters
• One-dimensional, embodying
only a single trait
–Shakespeare often uses them to
provide comic relief even in a
tragedy
Static Characters
• Characters within a story
who remain the same. They
do not change. They do not
change their minds,
opinions or character.
Dynamic Character
• Characters that change
somehow during the
course of the plot. They
generally change for the
better.
Monologue
• One person speaking on stage
> may be other character on
stage too
–ex > the Prince of Verona
commanding the Capulets and
Montagues to cease feuding
Soliloquy
• Long speech expressing the
thoughts of a character alone
on stage. In R & J, Romeo
gives a soliloquy after the
servant has fled and Paris has
died.
Aside
• Words spoken, usually
in an undertone not
intended to be heard
by all characters
Pun
• Shakespeare loved to use them!!!
–Humorous use of a word with
two meanings > sometimes
missed by the reader because of
Elizabethan language and
sexual innuendo
Direct Address
• Words that tell the reader who is
being addressed:
• “A right fair mark, fair coz, is
soonest hit.”
• “Ah, my mistresses, which of you
all/ Will now deny to dance?”
Dramatic Irony
• A contradiction between
what a character thinks
and what the
reader/audience knows to
be true
Verbal Irony
• Words used to suggest
the opposite of what is
meant
Situational Irony
• An event occurs that
directly contradicts the
expectations of the
characters, the reader, or
the audience
Comic Relief
• Use of comedy within literature
that is NOT comedy to provide
“relief” from seriousness or
sadness.
• In R & J, look for moments of
comic relief that help “relieve” the
tragedy of the situation
Macbeth
• Written about 1606 England
• Considered a tragedy
• First published 1623 with
THE FIRST FOLIO
Tragedy (Shakespearean)
• Drama where the central character/s
suffer disaster/great misfortune
– In many tragedies, downfall results
from>
• Fate
• Character flaw/Fatal flaw
• Combination of the two
Create a sonnet
• Get into groups of 4 to write your own
sonnet
• How many lines? How are those lines set
up? What are the collections of lines called
and why? What is the rhyme scheme?
• Your theme should be Love for Riverdale
Football
• Ticket out the door- Share your sonnets