Transcript Oppositional Defiance Disorder

Oppositional
Defiant Disorder
Andrea, Janet, Liz and Sonia
Agenda
O Knowledge Tree Mind Map
O Definition
O Characteristics and Behaviours
O Comorbidity
O Causes
O Diagnosis
O Treatment
O Help for Teachers
Objectives
O Be able to define it, recognize it
O Provide tools on how to work with a child
with ODD
Definition
O “Childhood
disorder
characterized by
an ongoing and
persistent pattern
of hostile,
noncompliant, and
resistant
behaviors
manifested toward
authority figures”
(Masse & McNeil,
2008).
Characteristics
Individuals with ODD are often described as:
O Defiant, spiteful, negative, hostile, verbally aggressive,
usually aimed at parents and other authority figures.
(“ODD: A Guide for Families”, 2009)
Sound Familiar?
What is the difference between ODD & Conduct
Disorder?
http://www.polleverywhere.com/my/polls
Which of the following features is NOT associated
with ODD?
a) Deliberately annoying people
b) Spiteful attitude and revenge seeking
c) Aggression to animals, property or others
d) Excessive arguments with adults
Behaviours include:
O Frequent temper tantrums
O Excessive arguments with adults
O Actively refusing to comply with requests and rules
O Often questioning rules
O Deliberately annoying or upsetting others
O Often touchy or annoyed by others
O Blaming others for their mistakes
O Frequent outbursts of anger and resentment
O Spiteful attitude and revenge seeking
*typically do not engage in delinquent behaviour!
Comorbidity
Common other conditions that coexist are:
O
O
O
O
ADHD
Anxiety Disorders
Learning & Language disorders
Mood Disorders (ie: Depression or bipolar)
Which is the most common disorder with ODD?
http://www.polleverywhere.com/my/polls
*Often a precursor to Conduct Disorder.
Causes
O Biological
O Psychological
O Social and
Environmental
Factors
Diagnosis
O DSM-5
O Under 5 yrs
O Over 5 yrs
How often is often?
According to the DSM-V, children with ODD show
an ongoing pattern of extreme negativity, hostility,
and defiance that:
O Is constant
O Lasts at least 6 months
O Is excessive compared to what is usual for the
child’s age
O Is disruptive to the family and school
O Is usually directed toward an authority figure
(parent, coach, teacher, principal)
Treatment
O Counseling
O Skills Training
O Changes at Home
O School Support
O Treatment of Co-
morbid Health Issues
(medication)
Strategies in the classroom:
Prevention.
Structure.
Reasonable limits, consistent consequences.
Praise. Positive Reinforcement.
Address Motivational difficulties.
Social Skills instruction.
Time outs. Breaks. (for you!)
Behaviour Contracts.
Outside Agencies.
“The challenge of teaching requires educators
to understand and address the unique
characteristics of all students, including those
who exhibit oppositional and defiant
behaviors”
(Salend & Sylvestre, 2005)
References
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American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry www.aacap.org
Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/oppositional-defiantdisorder/DS00630
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/918095overview#aw2aab6b2
Rhode, Ginger. (1998) The Tough Kid Book-Practical Classroom
Management Strategies. Longmont: Sopris.
Salend, S., & Sylvestre, S. (2005). Understanding and Addressing
Oppositional and Defiant Classroom Behaviors. Teaching Exceptional
Children, 37, 32-39.
http://specialed.about.com/od/behavioremotional/a/odd.htm
Trix, Victoria. (2009) Strategies for Teaching Children with Oppositional
Defiant Disorder.
http://www.brighthub.com/education/special/articles/26631.aspx
Woolsey, Wendy. Strategies to Work with Students with Oppositional
Defiant Disorder.
http://www.cec.sped.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&CONTENT
ID=2426&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm
Questions?