P&I Technologies

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P&I Technologies

P&I Technologies

LECTURE SERIES

Protection, Control & Metering

of an

Electrical Grid

On-site Training

Realize the value of bringing training on-site

Flexible Cost-effective (one fixed cost) Allows as many or as few employees as you need No travel expenses Delivered when/where you want

On-site Training

Realize the value of bringing training on-site

Real-world training & solutions customized to your business Lower training costs A consistent learning experience Training courses can be delivered “off-the-shelf” Slightly modified or completely customized to your needs Designed for immediate, measurable results

On-site Training

Benefits

Courses are planned around individual/department schedules Delivered in any format Teams learn with real-world, mission-specific examples Productivity maintain with flexible course scheduling Train groups of employees to significantly reduce expenses Tailor the course material to fulfill corporate needs/expectations

On-site Training

Methodology

1  Assess Client’s Needs 2  Design Course Around Assessment 3  Collaborate on Delivery Dates, Time & Duration 4  Program Delivery 5  Follow-up

Core P&I Courses

Basic Electrical Theory Digital – Electric Circuits Basic Power Metering Basic Power System Protection & Control Advanced Protection & Control Transformer Fundamentals Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

Core P&I Courses

Digital – Electric Circuits Basic Power Metering Basic Power System Protection & Control Advanced Protection & Control Transformer Fundamentals Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

Basic Electrical Theory Introduces the fundamental concepts of AC/DC electrical circuits, which form the basis to all electrical/electronic systems Upon completion participants will be familiar with: • • • • • • • • • • • • Ohm's Law, Series and Parallel Circuits Kirchhoff's Laws DC Network Analysis & Metering Circuits Conductors and Insulators Capacitors, Inductors and Electromagnetism Complex Numbers, Reactance and Impedance Transformers Polyphase AC Circuits Power Factor AC Metering AC Motors Transmission Lines

SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUITS

Parallel

I T I R1 I R2 I R3 V T I T R T V T = I 1 R 1 = I 2 R 2 = I 3 R 3 V T = I T R T I T = I 1 + I 2 + I 3 or or V T R T = V R T 1 + V T R 2 + V T R 3 I or T = V R 1 R T T T = 1 R 1 + 1 R 2 + 1 R 3

Core P&I Courses

Basic Electrical Theory Digital – Electric Circuits Basic Power Metering Basic Power System Protection & Control Advanced Protection & Control Transformer Fundamentals Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

Digital – Electric Circuits Introduces binary logic concepts fundamental to understanding modern digital systems Upon completion participants will be familiar with: • • • • • • • • • • Binary Arithmetic Logic Gates & Switches Electromechanical Relays Boolean Algebra & Karnaugh Mapping Combinational Logic Functions Sequential Circuits, Shift Registers Digital-Analog Conversion Digital Communication Digital Storage (Memory) Principles of Digital Computing

Digital – Electric Circuits The Two Input AND gate

Digital – Electric Circuits

Core P&I Courses

Basic Electrical Theory Digital – Electric Circuits Basic Power System Protection & Control Advanced Protection & Control Transformer Fundamentals Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

Basic Power Metering Introduces the fundamentals of instrument and revenue metering in utilities and industry Upon completion participants will be familiar with: 1 ) 2 ) 3 ) 4 ) 5 ) 6 ) 7 ) 8 ) 9 ) What is Electric Power AC & DC Power Voltage, Current, & Power Vectors (Phasors) Capacitive & Inductive Loads Real, Reactive & Apparent Power (Watts, Vars, VA) The Dynamometer Wattmeter The Energy Meter Single-Phase Metering 3-Wire, Single-Phase Metering

Basic Power Metering Introduces the fundamentals of instrument and revenue metering in utilities and industry Upon completion participants will be familiar with: 10 ) 11 ) 12 ) 13 ) 14 ) 15 ) 16 ) 17 ) Polyphase Energy Meters Instrument Transformers (Current & Voltage CT's & PT's) 3-Wire, Single-Phase Metering with CT's & PT's Metering a 3 Phase 4 Wire Load ("Y" Connected) Metering a 3 Phase 3 Wire Load (Delta Connected) Measurement Canada Standards Blondel’s Theorem Phase & Line Relationship

W T = (V 1 x I 1 ) + (-V 2 x I 2 ) Circuit: Meter: 1-Phase, 3-Wire 1-Phase, 3-Wire “A”-Base, CT’s Aux Transformers: 2 2-Wire

W T = (V 1 x I 1 ) + (-V 2 x I 2 ) Circuit: Meter: 1-Phase, 3-Wire 1-Phase, 3-Wire “A”-Base, CT’s Aux Transformers: 2 2-Wire

W T = (V 1 x I 1 ) + (-V 2 x I 2 ) Circuit: Meter: 1-Phase, 3-Wire 1-Phase, 3-Wire “A”-Base, CT’s Aux Transformers: 2 2-Wire

Core P&I Courses

Basic Electrical Theory Digital – Electric Circuits Basic Power Metering Advanced Protection & Control Transformer Fundamentals Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

Basic Power System Protection & Control Introduces concepts which are common to P&I and basic principles of protective relaying Upon completion participants will be familiar with: 1 ) 2 ) 3 ) 4 ) 5 ) 6 ) 7 ) 8 ) 9 ) 10 ) Purpose, Requirements & Elements of Protective Relaying Protection Schemes IEEE Standard Electric Power System Device Function Numbers Relaying Terminology Surge Protective Equipment Fuses & Fuse Co-ordination Reclosers & Sectionalizers Circuit Breakers Breaker Controls The Instantaneous and Invers-Timed Overcurrent Relay

Basic Power System Protection & Control Introduces concepts which are common to P&I and basic principles of protective relaying Upon completion participants will be familiar with: 11 ) 12 ) 13 ) 14 ) 15 ) 16 ) 17 ) 18 ) 19 ) Differential Protection Transformer Differential Protection Pilot Wire Protection Impedance Relaying Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT) Directional Comparison Protection The Westinghouse KD relay The GE L90 (Multilin™) Line Current Differential System L.V. Feeder Protection

Basic Power System Protection & Control

3 Ph Step-down Wye - Delta Transformer

H 1 H 1 H 2 H 3 Single Line Schematic H 3 H 2 V BR-sec V WB-sec V rw-sec

Core P&I Courses

Basic Electrical Theory Digital – Electric Circuits Basic Power Metering Basic Power System Protection & Control Transformer Fundamentals Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

Advanced Protection & Control The protection & control principles of High Voltage Stations Upon completion participants will be familiar with: 1 ) 2 ) 3 ) 4 ) 5 ) 6 ) 7 ) 8 ) 9 ) 10 ) 11 ) 12 ) 13 ) 14 ) 15 ) 16 ) System Faults Switchyard Configuration & Elements The DESN Station (Duel Element Spot Network) HV Bus Differential Protection CT Saturation & Mal-operation of Bus Protection 3 Phase HV Transformers Construction 3 Phase HV Transformers Types Transformer Failures Transformer Failures & Protection Philosophy Gas Relay Protection (Buchholz relay) 3 Phase Step-down Auto Transformer Phasing 3 Phase Step-down Wye - Delta Transformer Phasing 3 Phase Step-down Delta – Wye Transformer Phasing 3 Phase Step-down Wye - Zig-Zag Transformer Phasing Transformer Restraint Differential Protection Variable Slope Percentage Restraint Differential Protection

Advanced Protection & Control The protection & control principles of High Voltage Stations 17 ) 18 ) 19 ) 20 ) 21 ) 22 ) 23 ) 24 ) 25 ) 26 ) 27 ) 28 ) 29 ) 30 ) 31 ) 32 ) DC Protection Logic Transformer Differential IED’s (Intelligent Electronic Device) The GE Multilin - 745 Overview The Siemens 7UT513 - 745 Overview HV Circuit Breaker Types (Oil, Vacuum, Air Blast, SF6) HV Circuit Breaker Controls (Closing & Tripping) HV Circuit Breakers - Reclose (Syncrocheck CUH 90 – VG Relay) HV Circuit Breakers Failure Protection The GE C60 Breaker Protection System Overview Distance or Impedance Protection The Westinghouse KD relay Overview The GE L90 (Multilin™) Line Differential System Overview Remote/Transfer Trip Protection IEC 61850 Standard in Substation Automation Brief Zone Auxiliary Tripping Module(ZATM) Dynamic Monitoring Equipment (DME) Overview

Digital – Electric Circuits

The Mho Type Distance Relay

Directional, will operate for faults in one direction relay only Several elements can be set differently: Z1 75% - 80% of the line impedance Z2 120% of the line impedance Z3 20%-30% of the line impedance reverse direction use in Directional Comparison Protection jX Z2 Z1 R Z3

Advanced Protection & Control

Remote Trip Protection Instantaneous Tripping Instantaneous Tripping

Core P&I Courses

Basic Electrical Theory Digital – Electric Circuits Basic Power Metering Basic Power System Protection & Control Advanced Protection & Control Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

Transformer Fundamentals The basic principles of all types of transformers that can be found in most High Voltage Stations and industry Upon completion participants will be familiar with: 1 ) 2 ) 3 ) 4 ) 5 ) 6 ) 7 ) 8 ) 9 ) Electromagnetism, voltage & current transformation Ratios and polarity Potential transformers & current transformers Saturation 3 phase transformers Core construction Transformer Losses & Cooling 3 phase transformer configurations Y – Y 10 ) 11 ) 12 ) 13 ) 14 ) 15 ) 16 ) 17 ) 18 ) Delta - Delta Y - Delta Y - Zig-Zag Delta - Zig-Zag Vector Analysis Differential Protection Per Unit Protection including the Buchholz relay Oil analysis

Transformer Fundamentals

Transformer Connections

Star – Zig-Zag (Y – ) Connected H 1

N N

H 3 H 2 X 1 .

N

X 1 X 2 X 3 X 3

N

X 2 32

Transformer Fundamentals

Transformer Connections

Star – Zig-Zag (Y – ) Connected H 1

N N

H 3 H 2 X 1 .

N

X 1 X 2 X 3 X 3

N

X 2 33

Core P&I Courses

Basic Electrical Theory Digital – Electric Circuits Basic Power Metering Basic Power System Protection & Control Advanced Protection & Control Transformer Fundamentals

Safety Awareness & Arc Flash Safety Orientation The fundamental concepts of electricity The effects of electricity on the human body Recognizing common electrical hazards Hazard Assessment Electrical Protective Devices Lockout/Tagout

Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

Arc Flash

Identify Hazards Busway Surveying of undocumented areas Obtaining up to date One-Line and Short Circuit Studies Reduce Hazards Purge ALL Non-Current Limiting Fuses Install RK5 Fuses in bus plugs up to 200 Amp Install RK1 Fuses in bus plugs above 200 Amp Protect Using the Arc Flash Calculator to Identify Arc Flash Energy and Hazard Category Printing and Appling Labels to ALL panels identifying Hazard Class and Appropriate PPE

Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

How Arc Flash Incidents Occur

Phase to ground or multi-phase short circuit by: Conductive tool during maintenance or other work activity Dirt, moisture, insects, or animals Mechanical failure of non-current carrying parts Mechanical failure of current carrying parts Loose connection in current carrying parts

Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

Safety Awareness & Arc Flash

Racking 480 volt circuit breakers on and off the bus require at least this level of PPE!

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Program Manager

Professional Experience Hydro One

- Work Methods & Training – P&C Program Manager - Grounds & Site Mtce. – Field Contract Administrator - P&C Design Engineer

Ontario Hydro

- P&C Training Officer – Glen Cross T&D Center - Field P&C Engineer – Bruce Nuclear

Education Queen’s University

- Kingston, Ontario B.Sc. Electrical Engineering

Instructor

Graham Van Brunt B. Sc.; P. Eng.

Professional Experience

Siemens - Business Development Manager T&D AECON Industrial - Business Development Manager – Nuclear Wardrop Engineering - Divisional Manager Business Development – Power Sector CFLCO. (Churchill Falls Labrador Corp.) – Director Operations & Maintenance of the Power facility comprised of 11 hydraulic generators; output 5,400 MW over multiple EHV lines DST Consulting Engineers (Marketing) - Corporate Marketing Manager Ontario Hydro (Marketing) - Energy Service Manager, Customer Energy Manager, Sr. Marketing Supervisor Ontario Hydro (Engineering) - Sr. Protection & Instrumentation Instructor Pakistan, Sr. Protection & Control Engineer

Confederation College (Thunder Bay) - Instructor - Electrical Education Queen’s University – Kingston, Ontario B. Sc. Electrical Engineering Wilfrid Laurier University – Waterloo, Ontario – School of Business

Contact us at:

Graham Van Brunt B. Sc.; P. Eng.

P&I Technologies

P&I Technologies

End