Transcript Creation question revision

A Questions
•AO1 – Knowledge and
Understanding – one side.
•Explain in lots of detail
•20 mins
•Approx 2 sides
•Link back to the question
•Make links between your
paragraphs – don’t
produce a list.
a) Explain ways in which religious believers explain the
origin of the universe [30]
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Young Earth Creationism - 6 days, creation ex nihilo,
Archbishop Ussher, Bible is Science, God created out of
love, God is the omnipotent creator.
Old Earth Creationism – the ‘days’ were longer periods
of time, so the universe originated as long ago as
science suggests, Bible central, creation ex nihilo etc.
Schroeder – the universe originated with the Big Bang,
Genesis gives the symbolic truth that God made the
world through the scientific processes of the Big Bang.
Deism – God made the universe, then left it.
The Theory of Intelligent Design
Explain scientific ideas on the origin and nature of the
universe. [30]
NATURE
ORIGIN = Big Bang
• approx 13 billion years ago •Still expanding from
singularity
•Singularity exploded
•Still cooling
• <second time and space
•Random chance – no cause
•3 mins protons and
•Expansion may slow and
neutrons formed atoms
cause the Big Crunch
•Half million years, temp
cooled enough for hydrogen •Expansion looks to be
quickening – Continuous
and helium to form
expansion (Heat Death)
•Billion years – stars and
galaxies form
•Many stars died before our DEAL WITH BOTH ORIGIN
AND NATURE IN DETAIL
sun and planets formed
Explain scientific ideas about the end of the universe [30]
Big Crunch
•Expansion slows down
due to gravity
•All matter rushes back to
the point of singularity
•May cause another ‘bang’
– Oscillating Universe
Theory (conditions for life
occur by chance)
•Evidence expansion
quickening
•Missing matter
Endless Expansion
•Evidence suggests
expansion getting faster
•Theory – expand forever
•2nd law thermodynamics –
eventually run out of
energy (entropy)
•Universe will die as no
energy. No light or heat
means nothing can live =
heat death
a) Explain ways in which religious believers explain the
origin of life on Earth
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Young Earth Creationism – creation ex nihilo,
humans made ‘in God’s image’, the last and greatest
of His creation, made to have a relationship with
God, made to look after God’s world and its
creatures, world made carefully to support humans
and for their enjoyment, all part of a divine plan
Old Earth Creationism – As above, but different time
scale.
Charles Kingsley – God made humans through the
processes of evolution “Old God so wise ...”
Explain scientific ideas on the origin of life [30]
•1859 – Darwin On the Origin of the Species
•Galapagos Islands – finches
•Natural Selection and adaptation – Example of
wolves and the deer.
•Species have adapted and developed over many
years from very simple organisms
•Survival of the fittest.
•Explains the existence of intelligent life on earth.
•No need for a Creator God
Explain religious beliefs on the qualities of a creator God.
[30]
•God as Creator – Creationism, God making the world,
showing His power and love
•God as Father – creates and loves us all, wants us to be
happy, wants us to have a relationship with Him and with
each other (creates Eve for Adam)
•God as sustainer – Ontological Dependence, gives order
(time), the world is totally dependant upon God.
•Deism – God is a powerful creator, but the world is now
independent from Him.
B Questions
A good B question will:
• Have a clear argument running through it, but
will not use ‘I’.
• Examine both sides.
• Contain analysis (next slide will help)
• Be focussed on the question.
• Come to a conclusion which is based on
evidence discussed in the essay.
Critical Analysis
• This is a very damaging criticism because ___.
• However, one could argue that _____.
• The Design Argument can not stand up against
this criticism because _____
• Although Polkinghorne defends the Design
Argument by stating _____, he fails to protect the
argument fully because _______.
• Dawkin’s argument’s is weak here because ____.
• Despite this criticism, the Design Argument is still
a sound one because ________.
b) “Science and Religion are irrelevant to each other on
the issue of the origin of life. [15]
FOR
•Stephen Jay Gould – “We
can neither affirm nor deny
it, we simply cannot
comment on it as scientists.”
•Wittgenstein – Language
Games
AGAINST
•Science destroys religion –
Dawkins
•The Bible is science –
Creationists
•Kingsley and the Anthropic
Principle – religion and
science are compatible.
b) Assess the view that science and religion are
complimentary on the issue of the origin of the universe.
[15]
FOR
•Schroeder – Genesis and
the Big Bang. Symbolic
interpretations = science
and religion are
compatible.
AGAINST
•Conflict – Dawkins,
Creationists
•Irrelevant – Gould,
Wittgenstein
b) “The views of religion and science are in conflict on
the issue of the origin of life.” How far do you agree
with this statement? [15]
FOR
•Science – Dawkins
•Religion - Creationism
AGAINST
•Complimentary – Kingsley /
Anthropic Principle
•Irrelevant – Gould,
Wittgenstein
b) “God is simply an answer for unanswered questions
and an explanation for the unexplained.” How far do you
agree with this statement? [15]
FOR
•Dawkins – God of the
Gaps. Eventually there
will be no gaps for God to
hide in.
•Criticisms of Schroeder
and Kingsley’s attempt to
combine religion and
science.
AGAINST
•Creationism – God
explains everything in the
Bible – Science isn’t
needed and religion has
ALL of the answers
•Strengths of Schroeder
and Kingsley’s ideas.
•Gould – science and
religion shouldn’t be
combined at all.
b) “Intelligent Design is a scientific idea.” How far do you
agree with this statement?
FOR
•Michele Behe –
Irreducibility of complex
structures like DNA
•Anthropic Principle – Finetuning = evidence of God.
•God can be seen in the
complexities of science –
science has revealed the
existence of God.
•Daniel Dennett –
religious idea. Problems
with the eye etc
•Dawkins – this is another
example of God of the
gaps – science reveals
that God does NOT exist
(Big Bang and
Evolutionary Theories)
•Gould – science and
religion are irrelevant to
each other.