Transcript DA Review - Galena Park Independent School District

DISTRICT EXAM REVIEW
They’re, Their, There
 These three words are used to say different things:
 They’re is a contraction of two words: they & are
 I dropped by the house, but they’re not home.
 Their is used to talk about someone claiming to own an
object or person.
 Their house is amazing, and so is their car.
 There is used to tell someone where an object or person
is.
 The softball is over there somewhere…Oh! There it is!
 Writer’s 1 & 2, there are two sentences for you to fill in
the correct there, their, or they’re.
A word’s possession!
 When you want to show that a noun belongs to
someone else, you have to use an apostrophe. If a noun
belongs to more than one person, you have to put the
apostrophe after the s.
 Examples:
 The bird’s nest was hidden near the top of the doorway.
 John ran into the woods to find his father’s axe he had left
behind.
 The giants’ cave was guarded by a lake of fire.
 Too many people died guarding their families’ treasures.
Writers 1 & 2 punctuate the sentences provided for you!
The other use for an
apostrophe…it’s easy too!
 The other way you’ll see apostrophes used is to join two words
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together.
Examples:
It’s = it is
I’d = I would (or) I had
Won’t = will not
Shouldn’t = should not
Can’t = can not
There are many more…can you think of some that I didn’t?
Writers 1 & 2 punctuate the sentences provided for you!
Sentence Stress Positions:
Because of all of the craziness, Halloween gives
children and adults the opportunity to express
themselves in ways they haven’t in a long time, and it
gives adults a chance to scare kids in the way they’re
scared by them on a regular basis. Children constantly
cause adults to worry for their safety, and on
Halloween they get their payback. After a year of
watching out for them, many adults use this chance to
scare the kids who always keep them worried for their
safety.
Stress positions end the sentences. A good sentence
will start from where the last sentence left off.
Which sentence would follow this
best?
 Because of all of the craziness, Halloween gives children
and adults a chance to express themselves in ways they
haven’t in a long time, and it gives adults a chance to
scare kids in the way they’re scared by them on a regular
basis.
A. Adults dress up in terrifying costumes, waiting for the
kids to come knock on their door so they can scare
them.
B. Children constantly cause adults to worry for their
safety, and on Halloween they get their payback.
C. The cool adults prepare themselves to pop out and get
their revenge behind closed doors!
Which sentence would follow this
best?
 Children constantly cause adults to worry for their
safety, and on Halloween they get their payback.
A. Kids are always finding ways of getting into trouble
or getting themselves hurt.
B. On Halloween adults have the choice of either
handing out candy or frightening children.
C. The most fun grown ups wait in hiding with the
intent of scaring the kids they always take care of
diligently.
Write a sentence that would
follow these sentences well.
 Writer #1:
 Although many of us are tired, we keep pushing
forward. Pushing forward shows that we have
strong wills that can not be broken. A strong will
is necessary to live a good life. (Your sentence)
 Writer #2:
 It isn’t always easy to find courage. We have to
search for it even when we feel weak. By
overcoming weakness, we become powerful
people. (Your sentence)
Strong Topic Sentences!!!
 Topic sentences start off paragraphs.
 They tell us what the paragraph will be about before we get to
read it.
 Example:
 Toxic waste destroys society by ruining the ecosystem. Plants
and animals are killed by toxic runoff which causes the land to
waste away. When the land is dead, nothing more can grow on
it. Land is useless when it cannot produce life.
 Producing life should be the focus of our community. If we all
pitch in to make people aware of the environment, our city will
flourish. A well-cared-for city is more enjoyable to spend time
in. Everyone wins!
 Writers 1 & 2 read the paragraphs created for you and
choose the strongest topic sentence that explains what
the paragraph is going to be about.
Compound Sentences
 Compound sentences are two simple sentences put
together with a coordinating conjunction.
 The boy escaped the killer. He didn’t know the
murderer was close behind him.
 The boy escaped the killer, but he didn’t know the murderer
was close behind him.
 Writers one and two, write your own sentence
using a coordinating conjunction to join two simple
sentences together!
Transitions
 Transitions help guide us between paragraphs and
sentences.
 Some good transitions are:
 First, Second, Third, Next, To explain further, Instead,
Also, In addition, For example, Similarly, In other words,
Thus, etc…
 Example:
 First, the evil king kidnapped a princess. Next, he took
her to his castle and locked her in a tower. However, a
knight decided to look for her. In addition, her father
ended up sending his army after the evil king. Thus, the
princess was saved and brought back safely.
Proper vs. common nouns
 Proper nouns are always capitalized
 They are the names of places, people, and things!
 I went to McDonald’s and ate a ridiculous amount of food!
 Common nouns are not capitalized unless they start the
sentence.
 They tell us what things, people, places, and ideas are without
giving us a name.
 Mom told me that I have to go outside to play with my toys so
that I don’t make her go insane.
 Writers 1 & 2: Write a sentence that has both a common and a
proper noun. Underline the nouns!
Comma rules!
 Here are a few of the places you need to be
aware that commas are placed:
 If a sentence starts with a subordinating
conjunction, you need a comma!
 Two sentences joined with a coordinating
conjunction need a comma, and it must not be
forgotten!
 Set off extra information, which you don’t
need, with commas!
 Make sure you place commas between states
and cities such as Houston, TX.
Ellipses…
 Ellipses are used to add pauses between what people
are saying.
 The boys told him to turn around and count down from ten.
“Ten…nine…eight…,” he counted out loud as the boys ran to
hide.
 Writers 1 & 2 write your own sentence using ellipses!
 They’re also used to skip information…to get to the
point when using a quote!
 As you can see, the main point here is that the valve is broken
and it needs to be fixed. To fix it, we will have to take the
whole thing apart and add in sealant to make sure that it
doesn’t leak any more.
 “…[T]he main point…is that the valve is broken…we will have
to take the whole thing apart…and add in sealant…”
Subordinate Conjunctions that
come after the the main idea
These sentences do not require a comma because
they don’t break the flow of the sentence.
I looked around nervously while the clock ticked
slowly.
We can’t be Instagram friends unless you’re over 21.
REMEMBER – Subordinate clauses are also known as
Adverb Clauses.
Subordinate clauses that come
before the main idea
Because they interrupt the sentence flow, these
sentences require a comma.
While the clock ticked slowly, I looked around
nervously.
Unless you’re over twenty, we can’t be Instagram
friends.
Writers 1 & 2 both of you must write a sentence that
with a subordinate conjunction that comes before
the main idea and one that comes after it.
Let’s Quickly Review Appositives!
 An appositive phrase is a noun or
pronoun (and any modifiers) that
further identifies a previous
noun.
 Your breakfast, eggs and bacon,
was easy to make.
 If the appositive phrase is not
essential to the sentence, it is
set off by commas.
 Nathan became an Eagle Scout,
the highest honor in scouting.
 If the sentence wouldn’t make
sense without the appositive, it
does not need commas.
 The musician Katy Perry is
known for her songs about
heartbreak and teenage
adventure.
© 2014 K.Patrick(OCBeachTeacher)
It’s like a mirror image of
the noun or pronoun that
precedes it.
Identify the appositive phrases!
1.
Lots of people enjoy the award-winning movie, The Wizard of
Oz.
2.
Sometimes students travel to the museum, the Louvre in Paris,
for foreign exchange trips.
3.
Scott, my older brother, always plays video games.
4.
The dog, a young Golden Retriever, enjoys chasing the ball.
5.
Shannon took Advance Placement Chemistry, the most difficult
class in school.
6.
Writers 1 & 2 write your own appositive phrase!
Essential Relative Pronouns
 Essential = needed information.
 If we are missing this information, we cannot figure out
which person is being talked about.
The man who I saw yesterday was kidnapped.
The girl whose hair is blue does figure skating.
The boy whom I dislike lives next door.
That is the color which I dislike.
I saw the guy that looks like Bill leave for work.
Writers 1 & 2: Write one sentence using an essential relative
pronoun.
Non-essential Relative Pronouns
 Non-essential = unneeded information
 If we are missing this information, the sentence
still works and we know who we’re talking about. We
set this information off with commas.
George, who is 5’ 9”, is the tallest boy in fifth
grade.
Spot, whose body is enormous, knocked over a small
child.
Bob saw George, whom he dislikes, at the mall.
I threw the huge ball, which is really heavy, to my
friend.
Today I went to the Houston zoo, that was remodeled.
REMEMBER – Relative Pronoun Clauses are also known as
Adjective Clauses