Transcript Folie 1 - schule

One Language, Many Voices
Shahraz
Kureishi
Achebe
Lessing
Ngugi
Narayan
Rushdie
Maugham
The British Empire: Extension 1937
The cumulative maximum extension of all
British colonies and dominions
The Authors
born 1857
in Russia
1886 British
nationality
1890 Congo
expedition
1897 “An
Outpost of
Progress“
Joseph
Conrad
The Authors
born 1874
in Paris
1884 orphan
in London
extensive travels
through East Asia
1926 “The Force of
Circumstance“
Somerset
Maugham
The Authors
born 1903
in India
schooling in
England
service in the
Imperial Police in
Burma
living in France,
Britain, Spain
1936 “Shooting
an Elephant“
George
Orwell
The Authors
born 1919
in Persia
1925 family
settles in
Rhodesia
1949 move to
England
1951 “The
Second Hut“
Doris
Lessing
The Authors
born 1930 in
Nigeria
Living and working
in Nigeria
teaching at American
universities
1953 “Dead
Men‘s Path“
Chinua
Achebe
The Authors
born 1906 in
Madras
learns English at
Christian school
famous for
extensive literary
production in
English
1965 “A
Horse …“
R. K.
Narayan
The Authors
born 1938
in Kenya
studies in
Uganda and
England
working and
lecturing in
USA and
Kenya
1976
“A Meeting in
the Dark“
Ngũgĩ wa
Thiong’o
The Authors
born 1918 in
Edinburgh
1937 marriage
in Rhodesia
living and
writing in
Liverpool,
London, New
York, and Italy
1958 “The Black
Madonna“
Muriel Spark
The Authors
born 1947 in
Bombay
education at
prestigious
institutions
1989 fatwa for
“The Satanic
Verses“
1987 “Good
Advice…“
Salman
Rushdie
The Authors
born 1958 in
Pakistan
1967 move to
Manchester
activist and writer in
Pakistani community
1988 “A Pair
of Jeans“
Qaisra
Shahraz
The Authors
born 1954 in
London (father
Pakistani)
writer of fiction and
screenplays
1994 “My Son the
Fanatic“
Hanif
Kureishi
Empire Christmas Pudding (1910)
•1 lb. of sultanas
• Australia
•1 lb. of stoned raisins
• South Africa
•6 ozs. of minced apple
• Canada
•1 lb. of beef suet
• New Zealand
•1 lb. of demerara sugar
• West Indies
•½ oz. of ground cinnamon
• Ceylon
•½ oz. of ground cloves
• Zanzibar
•1 pinch of pudding spice
• India
•1 tbsp. of brandy
• Cyprus
•1 tbsp. of rum
• Jamaica
•1 pint of old beer
• England
•1 lb. of bread crumbs
• United Kingdom
Then:
An Empire on which the sun
never sets
Now:
An Island from which the fog
never lifts
Empire Christmas Pudding (1910)
•1 lb. of sultanas
• Australia
•1 lb. of stoned raisins
• South Africa
•6 ozs. of minced apple
• Canada
•1 lb. of beef suet
• New Zealand
•1 lb. of demerara sugar
• West Indies
•½ oz. of ground cinnamon
• Ceylon
•½ oz. of ground cloves
• Zanzibar
•1 pinch of pudding spice
• India
•1 tbsp. of brandy
• Cyprus
•1 tbsp. of rum
• Jamaica
•1 pint of old beer
• England
•1 lb. of bread crumbs
• United Kingdom
The British Empire
The Map illustrates why the British Empire (even more
than the Roman Empire or the Soviet Union) was doomed:
• the colonies and dominions were too dispersed
• there were too many ethnicities, cultures, religions etc.
• the distances were too long, the time zones too many
• the bureaucratic bringing-into-line of the diverse colonies
was an unrealistic endeavour
The real achievements:
• the creation of political units where there had been
none
• the introduction of English as the official language of
administration or as lingua franca
Cross-Cultural Experiences
Ngugi wa
Thiong‘o
A Meeting in
the Dark
Chinua Achebe
Dead Men‘s
Path
R.K. Narayan
A Horse and
Two Goats
Acculturation: term used to describe situations where contact
between a dominant and a subordinate group results in the
erosion of the latter’s culture.
Dominant
culture
Subordinate
culture
Contact zone
Outcome
Acculturation: term used to describe situations where contact
between a dominant and a subordinate group results in the
erosion of the latter’s culture.
Dead Men’s
Path
Dominant
culture
Subordinate
culture
Contact zone
Outcome
Michael (+
Nancy);
desire to
create order
out of chaos
Ani:
traditional
beliefs
Schoolyard:
crossroads of
cultures
chaos
Acculturation: term used to describe situations where contact
between a dominant and a subordinate group results in the
erosion of the latter’s culture.
Dominant
culture
Subordinate
culture
Contact zone
Outcome
Dead Men’s
Path
Michael (+
Nancy);
desire to
create order
out of chaos
Ani:
traditional
beliefs
Schoolyard:
crossroads of
cultures
chaos
A Meeting in
the Dark
Stanley:
preacher of
salvation
through the
Lord
Susanna: oral
tradition
John: cultural
schizophrenia
Selfdestruction
Acculturation: term used to describe situations where contact
between a dominant and a subordinate group results in the
erosion of the latter’s culture.
Dominant
culture
Subordinate
culture
Contact zone
Outcome
Dead Men’s
Path
Michael (+
Nancy);
desire to
create order
out of chaos
Ani:
traditional
beliefs
Schoolyard:
crossroads of
cultures
chaos
A Meeting in
the Dark
Stanley:
preacher of
salvation
through the
Lord
Susanna: oral
tradition of
the tribe
John: cultural
schizophrenia
Selfdestruction
A Horse and
Two Goats
The
American:
materialism
Muni:
untouchable
The statue
120 rupees
and the
statue change
hands
???????
Cross-Cultural Experiences
Use of the English language: Achebe
“I feel that the English
language will be able to
carry the weight of my
African experience. But
it will have to be a new
English.”
nach Angela Ringel-Eichinger
Cross-Cultural Experiences
Use of the English language: Narayan
“ We are not attempting to write
Anglo-Saxon English. The
English language is now
undergoing a process of
Indianization (and) I cannot
say whether this process of
transmutation is to be
viewed as an enrichment of
the English language or a
debasement of it.”
Cross-Cultural Experiences
Use of the English language:Ngugi
“The domination of the
people’s language by
the languages of the
colonising nations
was crucial to the
domination of the
mental universe of the
colonised.”
nach Angela Ringel-Eichinger
Henry
Kayerts
An Outpost…
Black Madonna
Raymond
Lou
Dead Men‘s Path
Carlier
Makola
Obi
Racism
The Force…
My Son the Fanatic
Shooting…
Orwell
Plot explicitly
Van Heerden
Ali
Second Hut
Plot implicitly
Protagonists
Minor Char.
Doris
My Son…
The Force…
Bettina
Malay woman
Nancy
Dead Men‘s Path
Carruther‘s wife
Second Hut
Gender
Roles
Van H.‘s wife
Lou
Black Madonna
Elizabeth
Meeting in the Dark
Begum
Wamuhu
A Pair of Jeans
Good Advice…
Miriam
Miss Rehana
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
Protagonists
Minor Char.
Henry Pierce
An Outpost…
Black Madonna
Miriam
Makola
A Pair of Jeans
Malay woman
The Force…
Hybridity
Guy
My Son the ….
Parvez
Dead Men‘s Path
Stanley
A Meeting…
Obi
John
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
Protagonists
Good Advice…
Muhammad Ali
Minor Char.
Miriam‘s parents
Kayerts
An Outpost…
A Pair of Jeans
Carlier
Guy
M‘s parents-i.-l.
Parvez
The Force…
My Son the Fanatic
Doris
Ali
Diaspora
Shooting…
Good advice…
Orwell
Miss Rehana
Carruthers
Henry Pierce
Second Hut
the wife
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
Black Madonna
Oxford St. John
Protagonists
Minor Char.
An Outpost…
My Son The Fanatic
The Force…
Exploitation
Black Madonna
Shooting…
Second Hut
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
A Horse …
Protagonists
Minor Char.
Lou
Priest
Black Madonna
Raymond
Muni
Parvez
A Horse …
My Son the Fanatic
Ali
Religion
Mike
Dead Men‘s Path
Village priest
Begum
A Pair of Jeans
John
Miriam
A Meeting …
Stanley
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
Protagonists
Minor Char.
Guy - Doris
Black Madonna
Rehana - Mustafa
The Force…
Lou - Raymond
Good Advice
G. – Malay woman
Carr. – C‘s wife
The Second Hut
Van H. – his wife
Miriam - Farook
Relation
ships
A Pair of Jeans
Begum - Ayab
Ali - girlfriend
Dead Men‘s Path
Michael - Nancy
Parvez – wife
My Son the Fanatic
Stanley - Susana
A Meeting …
Parvez - Bettina
John - Wamuhu
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
Protagonists
Minor Char.
A Horse …
An Outpost …
Black Madonna
Good Advice …
The Force …
Shooting …
Clashing
cultures
A Pair of Jeans
My Son …
Second Hut
Dead Men‘s Path
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
A Meeting
Protagonists
Minor Char.
An Outpost…
A Horse and 2 Goats
The Force …
Shooting…
A Pair of Jeans
Language
My Son …
Good Advice …
Second Hut
Dead Men‘s Path
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
Protagonists
Minor Char.
An Outpost …
The Force …
Shooting …
Black Madonna
Centre/
Periphery
Good Advice
A Horse …
Second Hut
Dead Men‘s Path
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
Protagonists
Minor Char.
Makola
John
An Outpost …
A Meeting ...
Susana
Guy
Lou + Raymond
Black Madonna
The Force …
Henry
Orwell
Shooting …
C‘s wife
Second Hut
Identity
A Pair of Jeans
Miriam
Parvez
Michael
My Son …
Dead Men‘s Path
Ali
Bettina
Nancy
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
Protagonists
Minor Char.
Carlier
Carruthers
An Outpost…
Second Hut
Kayerts
Van Heerden
Guy
Colonial
Hubris
The Force…
Good Advice…
Muhammad Ali
Orwell
Shooting…
Plot explicitly
Plot implicitly
Protagonists
Minor Char.
Timeline
http://www.timelines.info/history/empires_and_civilizations/british_empire/