Transcript Certification of JI / CDM Projects

Verifying Sinks and
Bio-energy Projects
Irma Lubrecht
Société Générale de Surveillance
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Presentation overview

Validation, Verification & Certification

Sinks project


SGS Eligibility Criteria

Shortfalls
Bio-energy project

Introduction of the project

Shortfalls
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Société Générale de
Surveillance

Worlds largest inspection, testing and
verification organisation

Offices in 140 countries, > 30 000
employees

Climate Change Programme, GHG
Project Validation & Verification Service
Expertise everyday, everywhere
GHG project experience

Service started in 1997

9 JI and CDM land-use projects in
8 countries

8 JI Energy projects in Eastern Europe
(ERU-PT)

WB PCF West Nile Hydro Power Project in
Uganda
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Validation, Verification &
Certification
Joint
Implement
ation
Clean
Development
Mechanism
OE / IE
Validation
No
Yes
OE
Verification
Yes
No
IE
Certification
No
Yes
OE
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Validation

Process of establishing conformance with
defined criteria (i.e. Article 12)

Performed by accredited “Operational Entity”
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Validation indicates acceptance of baseline
and identification and management of leakage
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Results in recommendation for registration as
an eligible CDM project

Can be undertaken pre-project implementation
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Verification

Process of verifying emission reductions or
sequestration relative to a defined baseline

Baseline may be defined via allocation of
permits or simply approved by National
Authority

Performed by an Independent Entity

Results in award of ERUs or additional credits

Carried out during and after project
implementation
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Certification

Process of certifying emission reductions or
sequestration relative to a defined baseline

Performed by an Operational Entity

Baseline is defined via Validation process

Results in the award of Certified Emission
Reduction Units by CDM Executive Board

Performed during and after project
implementation
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Type by Location
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Climate Change Programme
Eligibility Criteria

Acceptability - National and International

Additionality - Environmental, Financial,
Programme
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Externalities - GHG and Non-GHG

Capacity - Financial, Management,
Infrastructure and Technology,
Demonstrability
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Project Shortfalls (1)
Additionality
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Environmental additionality:
difference between baseline and
with-project scenario

Programme additionality distinguishes
additional activities from business as
usual
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Financial additionality
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Project Shortfalls (2)
Leakage for JI
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Twin-track approach:
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If a country is in compliance, it is assumed
that leakage will be covered under the
National Inventory
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Possibility for Cross Border Leakage
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If a country is NOT in compliance, then
VALIDATION is required
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Project Shortfalls (3)
Leakage for CDM

Activity based leakage - widen project
boundaries / reduce benefits

Market-based leakage - econometric
studies / reduce benefits / test
programme additionality
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Project Shortfalls (4)
Social and environmental
effects

Forestry projects in the past have had
significant negative social and
environmental impacts

Host countries may set their own SD
criteria; the international community
should require no negative impacts as a
minimum
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Protocol Shortfalls

Rating of emission reduction vs
sequestered tonne of carbon:

RMU

TCER

Accounting regimes

Permanence
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ERU-PT

28 projects in 1st ERU-PT tender

9 projects assessed by independent
validators

5 projects accepted by Dutch
Government: ERU’s @ 8 Euro / t CO2
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The Project

BTG Biomass Energy Portfolio

28 smaller projects in the vicinity of
Prague, Czech Republic

24 municipalities, 3 private companies
and state owned hospital
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Capacity of approx. 130 MWth

Reduction calculated at 1.2 M t CO2 for
1st commitment period
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Objectives
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Reduction of 1.2 M t CO2 by replacing
fossil fuel, mostly brown coal and
methane reduction
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Know-how transfer
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Establishment of firm basis for further
investments in bio-energy

Generation of heat/electricity for local
heating requirements
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Assessment

Checklist reflecting requirements from
ERU-PT guidelines, KP and SGS EC

Scientific methodology

Risk and uncertainty assessment
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Results

Project complies with mandatory
requirements

Project design documentation
comprehensive, robust and transparent
account on expected number of ERUs

Uncertainty accounted

Highly likely to result in projected
emission reductions when implemented
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Shortfalls (1)
Leakage

No data present on emissions related to
transport of biomass or on the
construction of new distribution systems
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Shortfalls (2)
Monitoring

Monitoring to detect changes in land-use
practices

Monitoring of environmental impacts, i.e
removal of agricultural residues from
soils
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Shortfalls (3)
Other projects

Monitoring overall - training of personnel

Steps have not been taken to identify
and analyse the uncertainty associated
with the quantification of emission
reductions
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More information

www.sgs.nl/climatechange:
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Eligibility Criteria

Executive summaries

Papers
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www.senter.nl/erupt

www.btgworld.com

[email protected]
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Uncertainty of methane (1)

Verify how much methane is actually
reduced:

On-site monitoring: how often and why
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Scientific approach: IPCC values, UK ETS

Instruments: flow meters regularly calibrated
by independent party e.g. SGS Redwood

Chemical analysis: approved laboratory
otherwise include in the verification
assessment
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Uncertainty of methane (2)

ERU-PT programme has to accept ERU’s
resulting from methane avoidance
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