Transcript Document

Bridgestone Motorcycle North America
Basic Motorcycle Tire
Information
Norris “T.J.” Tennent
Motorsports Project Manager
Work Hard!
Have fun!
Have Passion!
Enjoy Life!
O.K. get your minds
out of the gutter and
Let’s Talk Tires!!!
Bias Ply
Radial
The drawbacks of using Bias-Ply
Technology:
The benefits of using Radial
Technology:
•In bias-ply tires the tread &
sidewalls share the same casing
plies
•Outstanding traction due to
flat stable crown & larger
footprint
•All sidewall flexing is transmitted
to the tread, resulting in:
•deformation in the tread contact
patch
•friction with the ground
•rapid wear
•reduced traction
•higher fuel consumption
•Better distribution of
pressure in footprint
resulting in reduced soil
compaction & greater
flotation
•Reduced working time due
to less tire slip, greater
productivity
•Reduced fuel consumption
•Longer tread life
•Comfort & handling on the
road
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
PARTS OF A TIRE
Tire Components
Cap ply
Belt plies
• Not all components are in
all tires.
Tread
Innerliner
Shoulder inserts
Cord body
Sidewall
Bead
bundles
Beadfiller
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
PARTS OF A TIRE
Tire Components
Innerliner
The innerliner is a rubber compound
bonded to the inside of the cord body
that retains air under pressure. It has
no cord reinforcing and functions as
an innertube in a tubeless tire.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
PARTS OF A TIRE
Tire Components
Bead Bundles
• Tire bead bundles are
large copper, brass, or
bronze plated high tensile
steel cords wound
together. Tire beads
occasionally include some
type of fabric wrap to
retain the bead shape prior
to the curing process. The
body plies of the tire are
looped around the bead
bundles to hold the plies
in place. The bead holds
the tire on the rim.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
PARTS OF A TIRE
Tire Components
Bead Filler
• The bead filler is a
hard rubber
compound used to
provide stability to
the lower sidewall
and bead area.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
PARTS OF A TIRE
Tire Components
Cord Body [ tire casing ]
• The cord body provides tire
strength and transmits
cornering forces from the
tread to the wheel. Rubber
coated cord, called body
plies, make up the cord body.
Body plies can be polyester,
rayon, or nylon. Polyester is
the most common cord body.
The area of the body ply that
wraps around the bead is
called the turn up.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
PARTS OF A TIRE
Tire Components
Sidewall
• The sidewall is the
area of a tire from the
bead to the tread. It
forms a protective
covering for the cord
body. Sidewall
rubber compounds
resist aging, cracking,
cutting, and
snagging, and contain
sidewall treatments
such as white
lettering.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
PARTS OF A TIRE
Tire Components
Belt Plies [ package or system ]
• Belt plies are two or more
strong layers of cord under
the tread area. The main
function of the belt system is
to provide stability to the
tread area of the tire. They
assist in improving tire
mileage, impact resistance,
and traction by giving the
tread area extra strength and
stability. The most common
cord material used in the belt
plies is steel.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
PARTS OF A TIRE
Tire Components
Cap Ply
• The cap ply also found
in some tires is similar
to belt edge strips only
full width instead of
just on the belt edges.
These components may
be used for a number of
reasons, but most
commonly to enhance
high speed
performance.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
PARTS OF A TIRE
Tire Components
Tread
• The tread is the portion
of the tire in contact with
the road surface. The
tread compound and
shape are designed to
optimize the wear,
traction, handling, fuel
economy, and cut
resistance characteristics
of the tire given the tire’s
intended use.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
TIRE AND
RIM DIMENSIONS
Tire Dimensions
These are the basic
tire dimension terms.
 Tread Width
 Section Width
 Section Height
 Overall Diameter
 Static Loaded Radius
 Aspect Ratio [profile or series]
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
TIRE AND
RIM DIMENSIONS
Tire Dimensions
Tread Width
TREAD WIDTH
• The tread width is the distance
from outer edge to outer edge of
the tread. You can estimate
differences between the existing
and the replacement tires by
comparing the tread widths. You
can estimate changes in fender
well and frame clearances by
dividing the tread width
differences between the existing
tire and the replacement tire by
two.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
TIRE AND
RIM DIMENSIONS
Tire Dimensions
Section Width
TREAD WIDTH
SECTION WIDTH
The section width is the width of a
new tire when mounted on the tire’s
measuring rim, including normal
sidewalls but not including
protective side ribs, bars, raised
letters, or decorations. You can
estimate the width differences
between the existing and
replacement tires by comparing the
overall section widths. You can
estimate changes in sidewall to
fender well, frame, and suspension
clearances by dividing the overall
section width differences between
the existing tire and the
replacement tire by two.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
TIRE AND
RIM DIMENSIONS
Tire Dimensions
Section Height
TREAD WIDTH
SECTION HEIGHT
SECTION WIDTH
The section height of a new tire is
the distance from the rim vertically to
the highest point of the unloaded tread
area.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
TIRE AND
RIM DIMENSIONS
75 SERIES
Tire Dimensions
Aspect Ratio [profile or series]
Height
= 75% of Width
70 SERIES
60 SERIES
The aspect ratio, also known as
the profile or series, is the ratio
of the section height to the section
width. For example, a 75 series tire
is approximately 75 as high as it
is wide.
Lower aspect ratio tires, such as 60
series, generally offer performance
advantages over higher aspect ratio
tires, such as 70 or 75 series. They
provide more responsive handling,
more stability, and better high-speed
capabilities.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
TIRE AND
RIM DIMENSIONS
Tire Dimensions
Overall Diameter
SECTION
HEIGHT
RIM
DIAMETER
OVERALL
DIAMETER
• The overall diameter of a tire is
the distance from tread surface to
tread surface while inflated but not
loaded. It is twice the section height
plus the nominal rim diameter. You
can estimate the height difference
between the existing and
replacement tires by comparing the
overall tire diameters. You can
estimate changes in the tire to
fender well clearance and vehicle
ground clearance by comparing the
radiuses (diameter divided by 2 =
radius) of the two tires.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
TIRE AND
RIM DIMENSIONS
Tire Dimensions
Static Loaded Radius
SECTION
HEIGHT
OVERALL
DIAMETER
RIM
DIAMETER
STATIC
LOADED
RADIUS
• The static loaded radius
is the distance from the
center of the axle to the
contact surface when a
prescribed load is applied
to a tire mounted on
the measuring rim and
inflated to the
recommended pressure.
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
TIRE SIDEWALL
INFORMATION
Additional Tire Sidewall Information
Maximum Load and Inflation Pressure
The maximum load
indicates the load
capacity for a tire. The
inflation pressure
indicates the maximum
air pressure.
LOAD INDEX (LI) RATING CHART
LI lbs. LI lbs. LI lbs. LI lbs. LI lbs.
20 176 33 254 46 375 59 536 72 783
21 182 34 260 47 386 60 551 73 805
22 187 35 267 48 397 61 567 74 827
23 193 36 276 49 408 62 584 75 853
24 198 37 282 50 419 63 600 76 882
25 204 38 291 51 430 64 617 77 908
26 209 39 300 52 441 65 639 78 937
27 215 40 309 53 454 66 661 79 963
28 220 41 320 54 467 67 677 80 992
29 227 42 331 55 481 68 694 81 1019
SPEED RATING CHART
Maximum Design/Test Speed
30 234 43 342 56 494 69 716 82 1047
31 240 44 353 57 507 70 736 83 1074
J Type
62
100
32 247 45 364 58 520 71 761 84 1102
N Type
87
140
P Type
94
150
S Type
112
180
H Type
130
210
V Type
149
240
Z Type
149+
240+
Motorcycle
Speed
Ratings
CORE TIRE KNOWLEDGE
chapter
1
2
3
4
5
TIRE SIDEWALL
INFORMATION
Additional Tire Sidewall Information
The Department of Transportation
[DOT] Code
The last four digits should
be your concern! The first
This is important because
your of
The Department
two digits are the Transportation
week that
warranty is good for four years
[DOT] Code
the tire was produced
andis a serial
from the DOT date or
fourthat
years
number
denotes specific
the last two digits
are the information
manufacturing
from the date of purchase
up
to
the tire. The serial
year the tire was about
produced!
7 years!number includes the DOT
label, the manufacturer and
plant code, the tire size
code, optional symbols from
the manufacturer, and the
date of manufacture.
DOT XX XX XXX 2007
Technical Topics
• Changing tire fitment
• Towing Trailers
• Dealers and Sales Reps need more tire
knowledge
• Cupping on front tires (heavier
bikes)
• Wear on one side of the tire
• Tires mounted backwards
• Nitrogen vs. Compressed air
• Tire Mileage
• Warranty
•
Changing Tire Fitment
1) Tires marked “Front Tire” or “Rear Tire” should be mounted only in their
stated wheel positions.
2) Some motorcycle wheel positions may only be fitted with radial, bias, or
bias belted tires. Consult owners manual, local dealer, or Tire
Manufactures Technical center for the correct tire/wheel combination for
your vehicle.
3) Switching from Radial to Bias or Tube Type to Tubeless
•
Towing Trailers
1) Towing trailers behind your motorcycle may contribute to motorcycle
instability. It may also cause tire stress through overload. This overloaded
condition could cause damage to the tire which could result in a sudden tire
failure and/or accident. Most tire manufactures do not warranty tires fitted
on motorcycles fitted with trailers
2) Sidecars should not be fitted to motorcycles without approval from your
vehicle manufacturer. If approval is obtained for sidecar fitment to your
vehicle, the tire manufacturer should be consulted, before fitment, to ensure
proper tire fitment and load caring capacity
BMW K1200LT
Article
Number
Tire
Size
Rim
Size
Tire
Description
OE
Code
Load
Rating
Speed
Rating
O/A
Dia
Tread
Width
Tread
Depth
(32's)
Approved
Rim
Max
Load
Ma
x
PSI
O.E.
057537
120/70B17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL (BIAS)
M
58V
V
23.9
4.8
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
BMW K1200LT 2005
057537
120/70B17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL (BIAS)
M
58V
V
23.9
4.8
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
BMW K1200LT 2005-2006 (Bias
Ply)
070593
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
E
58W
Z
23.7
4.6
5
3.50
520
42
BMW R1150RT 2005
071630
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
NN
58W
Z
23.8
4.6
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
Triumph Sprint ST 2006
094427
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
UU
58W
Z
23.7
4.7
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
BMW K1200GT 2006
103489
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
L
58W
Z
23.8
4.6
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
Kawasaki ZRX1200 2001-2003
085901
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
-
58W
Z
23.8
4.7
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
Ducati ST3 2006
116815
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
B
58W
Z
23.8
4.6
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
Honda VFR800F 2002-2003
039364
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
G
58W
Z
23.8
4.6
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
Yamaha FZ6 2003-2004
039364
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
G
58W
Z
23.8
4.6
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
Kawasaki Ninja 650R 2006
021718
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
CC
58W
Z
23.7
4.7
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
Yamaha FJR1300 2001-2004
021718
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
CC
58W
Z
23.7
4.7
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
BMW K1200GT 2003-2004
021718
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
CC
58W
Z
23.7
4.7
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
BMW R1200RT 2006
021718
120/70ZR17M/C
17
BT020F BW TL
CC
58W
Z
23.7
4.7
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
520
42
Yamaha FZ6 2004-2006
070865
120/70ZR18M/C
18
BT020F BW TL
F
59W
Z
24.7
4.5
5
(3.50)3.50-3.75
536
42
Honda ST1300 2002-2004
085979
160/60ZR17M/C
17
BT020R BW TL
-
69W
Z
24.9
6.5
8
(4.50)4.25-5.00
716
42
Kawasaki Ninja 650R 2006
057554
160/70B17M/C
17
BT020R BW TL (BIAS)
M
79V
V
25.8
6.3
8
(5.00)4.25-5.00
963
48
BMW K1200LT 2005
057554
160/70B17M/C
17
BT020R BW TL (BIAS)
M
79V
V
25.8
6.3
8
(5.00)4.25-5.00
963
48
BMW K1200LT 2005-2006 (Bias
Ply)
58V is equal to
max load is 520lbs
at 42psi at 149MPH
79V is equal to
max load is 963lbs
at 48psi at 149MPH
GL1800LT
Article
Number
Tire
Size
Rim
Size
Tire
Description
OE
Code
Load
Ratin
g
Speed
Rating
O/A
Dia
Tread
Width
Tread
Depth
(32's)
Approved
Rim
Max
Load
Max
PSI
122971
130/70R18M/C
18
G709F BW TL
-
63H
H
25.3
5.0
6
3.50
600
41
O.E.
63H is equal to
max load is 600lbs
at 41psi at 130MPH
Article
Number
Tire
Size
Rim
Size
Tire
Description
OE
Code
Load
Rating
Speed
Rating
O/A
Dia
Tread
Width
Tread
Depth
(32's)
Approved
Rim
Max
Load
Max
PSI
O.E.
070627
180/60R16M/C
16
G704R BW TL
-
74H
H
24.5
6.9
10
5.00
827
41
Honda GL1800 2001-2002
070627
180/60R16M/C
16
G704R BW TL
-
74H
H
24.5
6.9
10
5.00
827
41
Honda GL1800 2003
74H is equal to
max load is 827lbs
at 41psi at 130MPH
451/737
449/717
440/726
449/798
Motorcycle Data collection
501/827
482/832
462/823
438/788
482/838
453/821
Weights (FRT / REAR)
BIKE INFO
YEAR
MAKE
MODEL
Mileage
Fuel Level
Bike Only
W/1 Rider
W/2 Riders
1
2004
HONDA
GL1800
41,889
FULL
440/556
488/646
501/827
2
2002
HONDA
GL1800
18,254
FULL
422/526
471/636
482/832
3
2002
HONDA
FULL
466/642
462/823
Max433/548
load at max
air pressure
4
2001
GL1800
12,901
Max load
at max air
HONDApressure
GL1800
(41psi) 50,974
is
FULL
5
2003
HONDA
FULL
6
2002
HONDA
FULL
7
2003
8
2007
60,288
and rider GL1800
and passenger
BMW
averageK1200LT
weights of 58,895
200
BMW
K1200LT
0
and
120lbs
394/543
440/629
438/788
(48psi)
is 963lbs
with stock
431/579
482/838
parts
and rider 482/656
and passenger
447/614
449/638
453/821
average
weights
of 200 and
392/484
453/605
451/737
120lbs
9
2005
BMW
827lbs GL1800
with stock 40,580
parts
K1200LT
25,294
2/3
FULL
403/462
451/594
449/717
1/3
389/462
436/592
440/726
Cargo Trailer comparison guide
Manufacturer / Model
Cubic
Alphabetic by manufac.
Feet
Max
Load
Overall
Body
Wheel
Width
Length
Length
base
Empty
Weight
American Legend
20
350
Bushtec/Roadstar
22
225
Bushtec/Turbo +2
25
225
Bushtec/Quantum
26
225
Bushtec/Genesis
27
200
California/Escapade
17
350
California/Escapade
LE
25
350
Champion/Colorado
24
370
Independent
Torsion bar
independent
trailing arm/air
Independent
trailing arm/air
Independent
trailing arm/air
Independent
trailing arm/air
Independent
trailing arm/adj.
Shock/coil
Independent
trailing arm/adj.
Shock/coil
Trailing swing
arm
45"
91"
51"
38"
180
40"
84"
48"
36"
125
39"
86"
50"
36"
125
39"
86"
50"
36"
150
39"
88"
54"
36"
185
Full/front
pivots
Full/front
pivot
Full/front
pivot
Full/front
pivot
Full/front
pivot
37"
85"
58"
30”
142
Full/pivots
front
Option
40"
94"
67"
33”
168
41"
94"
68"
34"
165
Cyclemate/CM1000
15
200
Independent
38"
72"
42"
36”
125
225
Independent
38"
86"
54"
36”
145
22
270
38"
86"
54"
36”
155
Cyclemate/Windraider
19
215
40”
95”
61”
31”
185
Cyclemate/Zephyr
Getaway/GT
Eliminator
Getaway/GT
Millenium
22
200
43”
95”
59”
36”
230
26
320
34"
77"
44"
36”
110
24
280
40”
88”
48”
38”
180
Getaway/GT Sport
16
180
34”
77”
44”
32”
110
Getaway/GT Voyager
26
250
50”
89”
89”
47”
150
Hannigan/Trans-Sport
27
300
44”
96”
75”
36”
200
2/3/pivots
front
Hannigan/Europa
Neosho/Starlite
Deluxe
23
300
Independent
Independent
torsion arm
Independent
torsion arm
Custom swing
arm
Custom swing
arm
Custom swing
arm
Custom swing
arm
Twin trailing
arms/independ.
coil/gas shocks
Twin trailing
arms/independ.
coil/gas shocks
side
Full/pivots
side
Full/pivots
side
Full/pivots
front
Full/pivots
front
Full/pivots
front
Full/pivots
front
Full/pivots
front
Full/pivots
front
Cyclemate/CM2000
Cyclemate/CM2000
LTD
19
40”
80”
67”
34”
170
19
250
Leaf Spring
35"
77"
49"
28”
150
Suspension
Lid
Ice
Chest
Luggage
Rack
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Standard No
You’re still
at
Option
430lbs towing
Full/pivots
front
Inside
Option
Stopping
Full/pivots
front
Option
Option
weight!
Full/pivots
2/3/pivots
front
Fullpivots
No
Standard
No
Standard
No
Standard
Option
No
Option
Option
Option
Standard
Option
No
No
no
No
No
No
No
No
No
Option
Option
You’re still at
290lbs towing
Stopping
weight!
If you just have to tow…..use
a trike. The tires have the
load carrying capacity!
• Dealers and Sales Reps need more tire knowledge
1) Dealers have limited or no knowledge of how
the motorcycle tire warranty system works.
2) Working with the larger distributors to increase dealer
tire knowledge
3) Seminars like this will increase consumer knowledge
• Cupping on front tires (heavier bikes)
1) Three reasons
A. 90%-Air Pressure-Air Pressure- Air Pressure
B. 8%-Mechanical
C. 2%-Tire tread design
• Wear on one side of the tire
1) Always alignment related (same as on your 4 wheeled
vehicle)
• Tires Mounted Backwards
1) Tires have a directional arrow on them for a reason
• Nitrogen vs. Compressed air
Pros
N2 is always Drier
N2 helps tire run cooler
N2 is good for higher speeds
C.A. is readily available
C.A. is as good as N2 when
dry
Cons
Usually costs money
Not always available
What percentage N2
Sometimes very wet
Very hard to get in dry
condition.
• Tires Mileage
1) Why can’t I get 30 or 40 thousand miles out of my motorcycle tires
2) The application, compound, and the footprint
3) The rider, the type of bike, maintenance on the bike, the type of tire,
how much air pressure, the ambient temperature, the road surface
temperature, type of road surface, demographics (location),
whewwwwww!
• Warranty
1) Consult your dealer
2) Consult your tire manufacturer
3) Consult your vehicle manufacturer
4) Most tire manufacture's have a basic warranty for workmanship and
materials
5) Engineers want to know if you are having a tire problem
6) Because of the “Tread Act” no one can “just send you a tire”.
7) Though “forums” are O.K. for you to vent, they don’t allow the
manufacturer to investigate a tire problem. We have to see the tire with
the problem to determine what is wrong with the tire.
Questions???
Thank You