Transcript Slide 1

INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH
(HIGHLANDS & ISLANDS BRANCH)
FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT
Duties, Content, Competence
and Consequences
Tel: 01252 792088
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.cstodd.co.uk
Colin Todd
Managing Director
C. S. Todd & Associates Ltd

Why?

On whom?

What?

Who should?

What if?
BUILDING (SCOTLAND) REGULATIONS 2004
LICENSING
LEGISLATION
OTHER
MISCELLANEOUS
LEGISLATION
HOUSING
LEGISLATION
FIRE SAFETY LEGISLATION
IN SCOTLAND
BUILDING (SCOTLAND) REGULATIONS 2004
LICENSING
LEGISLATION
FIRE (SCOTLAND) ACT
2005
HOUSING
LEGISLATION
FIRE SAFETY
(SCOTLAND)
REGULATIONS 2006
5
Scotland
SECTIONS 53 AND 54
OF THE 2005 ACT
RA:
PART 2 OF
THE 2006
REGS
PART 3 OF
THE 2006
REGS

Eurospeak does not read well

“Dutyholder”

Relevant persons and premises

When is a FRA not a FRA?

So far as is reasonably practicable

Reasonable fire safety measures

Significant findings

Frequency of review FRA

Fire safety measures

Fire safety arrangements

Competent persons to implement procedures

Safety assistance
Each employer shall ensure, so far as is
reasonably practicable, the safety of the
employer’s employees in respect of
harm caused by fire in the workplace
10
Each employer shall take in relation to the
workplace such of the fire safety measures as
are necessary to enable the employer to
comply with the duty imposed by subsection (1)
11
Measures to:
 Reduce the risk of fire
 Reduce the risk of spread of fire
Means of escape
Supporting provisions for means of
escape
IN
RELEVANT
PREMISES
Means for fighting fire
Means for giving warning of fire
12
Fire procedures
Measures to mitigate fire
Instruction and training
Other measures required by
secondary legislation
IN
RELEVANT
PREMISES
13
Each employer shall carry out an assessment of
the workplace for the purpose of identifying any
risks to the safety of the employer’s employees
in respect of harm caused by fire in the
workplace
14
Imposes duties on person having control
of relevant premises
The person shall take, in relevant
premises, reasonable measures to
ensure safety of relevant persons in
respect of harm caused by fire
15
54(2)(a)
The person shall carry out an assessment
of the relevant premises for the purpose of
identifying any risks to the safety of
relevant persons in respect of harm
caused by fire in the relevant premises
16
54(4)
Includes a person who has, under contract or
tenancy, an obligation of any extent in relation
to:

Maintenance or repair of relevant premises

Maintenance or repair of anything in
relevant premises

Safety in respect of harm caused by fire in
relevant premises
17
Regulation 8
Must record information if:
(A) Five or more employees are
employed
(B) Licensing, certification or
registration applies
(C) Alterations notice in force
18
•
Significant findings
•
Measures taken to comply with legislation
•
Measures that will be taken to comply (action
plan)
•
Any group of relevant persons especially at risk
from fire
19
Regulation
3(1)
Regular review to keep up to date
Review if:
Regulation
3(1)
(A) reason to suspect no longer
valid
(B) there has been a significant
change
20
Fire hazard:
Fire hazard
identification:
Fire risk:
Fire risk
assessment :
Source, situation or act with potential to
result in a fire (e.g. an ignition source,
an accumulation of waste that could be
subject to ignition, or disposal of a lit
cigarette close to combustible materials).
Process of recognizing that a fire hazard
exists and defining its characteristics.
Combination of the likelihood of the
occurrence of fire and the consequence(s)
(number and severity of injuries) likely to be
caused by a fire.
Process of identifying fire hazards and
evaluating the risks to people arising
from them, taking into account the
adequacy of existing fire precautions, and
whether or not the fire risk is acceptable
without further fire precautions.
FIRE
FIRE SAFETY
(SCOTLAND)
(SCOTLAND)
ACT
REGULATIONS
2005
2006
&
23
PER PAS 79:
“......A SYSTEMATIC AND STRUCTURED ASSESSMENT OF
THE FIRE RISK IN THE RELEVANT BUILDING FOR THE
PURPOSE OF EXPRESSING THE CURRENT LEVEL OF
FIRE RISK, DETERMINING THE ADEQUACY OF EXISTING
FIRE PRECAUTIONS, AND DETERMINING THE NEED
FOR, AND NATURE OF, ANY ADDITIONAL FIRE
PRECAUTIONS”.
OBJECTIVES OF A FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT
25
Identify Fire
Hazards
Sources of
Ignition, fuel
and oxygen
Review and
revise where
necessary
Record
significant
findings and
action taken/to
be taken
Identify People
at Risk
Evaluate risk
and decide
adequacy of
fire safety
measures
Review
Formulate
action plan
Assess fire
risk
Likely
consequences of
fire
Relevant
Information
PAS 79
(Nine
Steps)
Assess
management
Identify
hazards &
controls
Assess
likelihood of
Fire
Determine fire
protection
measures
FIRE
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
HAZARD
ASSESSMENT
POLICY LEVEL
H1 H2
H3
H4
-------
HN
PRACTICE LEVEL
CONTROL MEASURES
(FIRE
PREVENTION)
ACTION
PLAN
OCCUPANT AND BUILDING FACTORS
FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES
LIKELY
CONSEQUENCES
ASSESSMENT
MANAGEMENT FACTORS
C1 C2
C3
C4
-------
CONSEQUENCES
POLICY LEVEL
CN
PRACTICE LEVEL
FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT
FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT
VERSUS
CERTIFICATION
30
31
FIRE
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
HAZARD
ASSESSMENT
POLICY LEVEL
H1 H2
H3
H4
-------
HN
PRACTICE LEVEL
CONTROL MEASURES
(FIRE
PREVENTION)
ACTION
PLAN
OCCUPANT AND BUILDING FACTORS
FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES
LIKELY
CONSEQUENCES
ASSESSMENT
MANAGEMENT FACTORS
C1 C2
C3
C4
-------
CONSEQUENCES
POLICY LEVEL
CN
PRACTICE LEVEL
Ow!
Too HOT!!
Ugh!
Too COLD!!
Yummy!
Just RIGHT!!
SLIGHT
HARM
MODERATE
HARM
EXTREME
HARM
LOW
TRIVIAL
RISK
TOLERABLE
RISK
MODERATE
RISK
MEDIUM
TOLERABLE
RISK
MODERATE
RISK
SUBSTANTIAL
RISK
HIGH
MODERATE
RISK
SUBSTANTIAL INTOLERABL
RISK
E RISK
34
RISK
LEVEL
ACTION AND TIMESCALE
Trivial
No action is required and no detailed records need
be kept.
Tolerable
No major additional controls required. However,
there may be a need for consideration of
improvements that involve minor or limited cost.
It is essential that efforts are made to reduce the risk.
Risk reduction measures should be implemented
within a defined time period.
Moderate
Where moderate risk is associated with
consequences that constitute extreme harm, further
assessment may be required to establish more
precisely the likelihood of harm as a basis for
determining the priority for improved control
measures.
35
RISK
LEVEL
ACTION AND TIMESCALE
Considerable resources may have to be allocated to
reduce the risk. If the building is unoccupied, it
Substantial should not be occupied until the risk has been
reduced. If the building is occupied, urgent action
should be taken.
Intolerable
Building (or relevant area) should not be occupied
until the risk is reduced
36

PURELY TICK BOXES

A HOUSEKEEPING AND MAINTENANCE AUDIT

A FAULT LIST AND/OR ACTION PLAN

LIMITED TO FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES (MEANS
OF ESCAPE ETC.)
FIRE SAFETY POLICEMEN:
DIXON OF DOCK GREEN
OR THE SWEENEY?

ONLY A BENCHMARK

SHOULD NOT BE APPLIED
PRESCRIPTIVELY

SECTOR GUIDES LINK WITH
TECHNICAL HANDBOOKS
UNDER BUILDING
(SCOTLAND) REGULATIONS
YOU MUST BE JOKING!

THE “DUTYHOLDER”

RESPONSIBILITY FOR ADEQUACY CANNOT BE
DELEGATED

FOR SMALL PREMISES, THE DUTYHOLDER IS
BEST PERSON

IN PRACTICE, DUTYHOLDER SEEKS A
“COMPETENT PERSON”

SCOTTISH GOVERNMENT SECTOR SPECIFIC
GUIDES

PAS 79

THE FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT COMPETENCY
COUNCIL HAS PUBLISHED TWO GUIDES

THE FRA CC COMPRISES 35 STAKEHOLDERS

THE FIRST GUIDE IS A COMPETENCE
STANDARD FOR FIRE RISK ASSESSORS
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THIRD PARTY CERTIFICATION SCHEMES:
 PERSON CERTIFICATION
 COMPANY CERTIFICATION

TRADE ASSOCIATION MEMBERSHIP

IFE REGISTER

IFSM REGISTER

IFPO REGISTER

WARRINGTON CERTIFICATION SCHEME
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WARRINGTON CERTIFICATION (1 FIRM)

BAFE SP 205 SCHEME (19 FIRMS)

IFC CERTIFICATION (0 FIRMS)

MEMBER COMPANIES LISTED FOR FRA SIGN COP

FROM APRIL 2011:
 COMPANY FIRE RISK ASSESSORS MUST BE ON THE
REGISTER
 COMPANY MUST MEET CERTAIN QMS
REQUIREMENTS

FROM OCTOBER 2014:
 ALL FRA MEMBERS MUST BE THIRD PARTY
CERTIFICATED BY UKAS ACCREDITED
CERTIFICATION BODY

POTENTIAL PROSECUTION OF DUTYHOLDER

POTENTIAL PROSECUTION OF RISK
ASSESSORS

POTENTIAL FOR DEATHS OR SERIOUS
INJURIES

ONE FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH A PROHIBITION
NOTICE

ONE FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH AN
ENFORCEMENT NOTICE

IF FIRE SAFETY MEASURES INADEQUATE, FRA IS
EASY TARGET

SHELL : £300K + £45K COSTS FOR FAILURE TO
REVIEW FRA

NEW LOOK : £400K + £136K COSTS [£250K FOR
FRA]

PENHALLOW HOTEL : THREE DEATHS. COMPANY
FINED £80,000 WITH £62,000 COSTS FOR ABSENCE
OF FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT AND INADEQUATE FIRE
ALARM SYSTEM COMPANY

BUCKROSE COURT, NORTH YORKSHIRE: TWO
DEATHS. LANDLORD IMPRISONED FOR 12 MONTHS.
CHARGES INCLUDED FAILURE TO CARRY OUT A
FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT. JUDGE FOUND THAT
“DEATHS WOULD HAVE BEEN SIGNIFICANTLY LESS
LIKELY BUT FOR THE BREACHES”.
ROSEPARK:
 RISK ASSESSOR
ADMITTED FAILINGS.

SHERIFF PRINCIPAL AT FAI
FOUND THAT:
“IT WOULD HAVE BEEN A REASONABLE PRECAUTION FOR
THE MANAGEMENT OF ROSEPARK TO HAVE UNDERTAKEN A
SUITABLE AND SUFFICIENT FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT. HAD
THIS PRECAUTION BEEN TAKEN, THE ACCIDENT AND SOME
OR ALL OF THE DEATHS MIGHT HAVE BEEN AVOIDED.”