Transcript DALI Installation: A Case Study

DALI Installation: A Case Study
LightFair Seminar 22
May 8, 2003 8:30 AM
Owner - HOK
Daryl Dalling - Dynalectric
Pete Horton – The Watt Stopper
Richard Miller – RNM Engineering
Charles Knuffke – The Watt Stopper
The Owner
Represented by: Rick Miller
One Bush
Street
Historic
Landmark
Design Team
• Interior designed by HOK
• Structural designed by Middlebrook + Louie
• Lighting designed by J.S.Nolan & Associates
• MEP systems design/built by the Contractor
Design Parameters
• Economic Climate
• Landmark Building
• Concealed Spline Ceiling
• 1 x 4 Parabolic Lighting Fixture
• Landlord’s Tenant Design Requirements
• LEED™ CI Prototype Certification
Second Floor Plan
Third Floor Plan
The Engineer
By: Rick Miller
1 x 4 Parabolic Luminaire
• 2-F40T12 over/under lamps, magnetic ballast,
tandem wired, pre-fabricated wiring
• Hello DALI !
• 1-F32T8 single lamp, DALI ballast
• Power reduction from 92 watts to 35 watts
DALI Design Parameters
• Decide DALI Bus to run with Lighting Circuit
• Max loading of circuits based on lighting watts
• Max DALI address per bus
• DALI ballast and DALI controllers consume power
• DALI power supply is limited to 250 ma
• Actual power supply is 150 ma
Second Floor Control Groups
Third Floor Control Groups
Second Floor DALI Bus
Third Floor DALI Bus
HOK DALI Summary
Total
2nd FL
3rd FL
376
195
181
DALI Addresses
333
169
164
DALI Ballasts
6
4
2
DALI Relays 120V
32
17
15
DALI Relays 277V
47
27
20
DALI Groups
5
5
0
DALI A / V Relays
45
25
20
DALI 5-scene Controller
3
3
0
DALI 4-scene Controller
11
6
5
DALI Busses
10
5
5
277 Volt Lighting Circuits
Item
HOK DALI Summary
Total
2nd FL
3rd FL
Item
26,315
13,831
12,484
Connected Lighting Watts
29,425
14,685
14,740
Square Feet per Floor
0.89
0.94
0.85
Watts per SF
LEED EA Credit 1.1
Allowed
W/SF
Allowed
Watts
Actual
Watts
% Reduction
ASHRAE
1.3
38,252
26,315
31%
CA T24
1.2
35,310
26,315
25%
Reduce lighting power density to 30% below
the standard, (2 points)
The Contractor
By: Daryl Dalling
Design Build Guidelines
• Specifications- Provide outline of minimum quality
and expectations
• Historical Requirements- Dictate a portion of the
scope or design (ie. Cannot penetrate or deface
existing surfaces)
• Building Management Requirements- In this
case we had specific fixture requirements, as well as
set back restrictions, lamp colors, BMS and lighting
control interface
(cont’d) Design Build Guidelines
• Lighting Restrictions- Lighting (fluorescent vs.
incandescent), especially in California can get tricky
with Energy Conservation Act Title 24. Lighting
budget also plays into lighting design
• Lighting Control- Title 24 has minimum
guidelines. Design criteria and use of space are also
implemented
(cont’d) Design Build Guidelines
• All Applicable Codes- This dictates wiring
methods, egress, fire-life safety,etc.
• Budget- Small budget, Fewer options
Process of Selecting Lighting
Package
• Package: Package is the keyword. Key
resource is the Light Representatives
• Design Criteria:Understanding Spec & Scope
• Budget: Critical element is to match dollars
with space requirements
• Communication: Sales & marketing insure
client understanding final package
Base Bid Lighting
Controls Criteria
• Use of Space
– Conference Rooms
– Small Offices
– Large Open Areas
• Title 24 (must be
implemented)
• Building
Management
Interface
• Owner Design
Criteria
Control Methods:
Standard Lighting Control
• Individual switching of office and open areas
– LV Lighting Control Panel and Local Devices
• Multi-Level Switching
– Two Gang Devices/Two Ballast Fixtures
• Dimming of a single room or fixture
– Fluorescent Dimmers & Dimming Ballast
(continued)
Control Methods:
Standard Lighting Control
• Dimming to a pre-set scene sequence
– Full Grafik Eye System
• Occupancy Sensors
Control Methods:
DALI Lighting Control
• Individual switching of office and open areas
– via DALI
•
•
•
•
Multi-Level Switching – via DALI
Dimming of a single room or fixture – via DALI
Dimming to a pre-set scene sequence – via DALI
Occupancy Sensors – non DALI
Bringing the System Together
•
•
•
•
•
Fixture Package
Fixture Control
DALI Protocol
DALI Ballast - Coordinate with fixture manufacture
Electrician - Willing electrician; Education of the
simple install
• DALI Magic - DALI compatible switching, interface
solutions (non DALI fixtures), and startup &
commissioning)
PRO-Electrical Quotes
• More forgiving (all switching options are
always available, whereas conventional switching
requires multiple switch legs)
•
•
•
•
Smaller pipe and fewer wires to pull
Layout is simple
Changes or added switches are easy
Quicker lighting control installation
(cont’d)
PRO Electrical Quotes
• Change order friendly (owner &
contractor)
• Non-electrical programming (software
based)
• Ballast self-addressing (no dip switches)
• Troubleshoot wiring easier (fewer wires
and make-up)
CON-Electrical Quotes
• Interface wiring between ballast and fixture
manufacturer was poor/bad wiring (a few mis-wired
ballasts)
• Electricians worried about mixed voltages and
make-up in common boxes
• DALI on a non-conduit installation (ie. MC) no
value savings in labor
• Call backs could be confusing to service people
Summary
• When questioned, all of the electricians
involved would do another DALI
system. All were impressed and
thought it was a good education.
The Manufacturer
By: Pete Horton
Minimum Requirements to Build a
System
• DALI Ballast
• DALI power supply (Bus controller /
Bus Master)
• Local Controller
Tridonic
DALI
CFL Ballasts
HOK DALI Schematic
H/N/G plus 2
DALI wires
CFL Ballasts
Additional DALI Busses
Tridonic DALI Linear
Fluorescent Dimming
ballasts
Tridonic DALI Relay
/ Watt Stopper
ON/OFF Relays
DALI wired bus - 2-wire
topology & polarity independent
- up to 64 devices
DALI Ballast
Blind/Motor
controller
DALI Controls
Non-DALI Devices
Employee
Workstation for
lighting
overrides
Watt Stopper /
Starfield Scene
Switches
Starfield Interface
Switches
WinDim
Control
Interface
Tridonic DALI
Bus Controllers
WinDim Net
Server
Router
IP over LAN
DALI System Components
Tridonic
Watt Stopper
• Ballasts
• Scene Controls
– Linear fluorescent
1/2 F32T8 & 1/2 F54T5HO.
– CFL
• Loop Controller (Bus
Masters)
• Software
– Palm-Dim
– Win-Dim
– Win-Dim net
– 4 button scene switches
• Relay Modules
– Non dimmed lighting
DALI System Components
Starfield
• Scene Controls
– In Conference rooms to
match A/V controls
• Switch / relays
– Shade Controls
– Projector Lift
– Screen up/down
Key Issue was that
devices could coexist with
other manufacturer’s
devices without causing
the system to crash or
other devices not to work
(“play nice” requirement)
Ballast
Current vs Arc Power
3.000
Arc current
•
•
•
Current in Amps
2.500
•
2.000
1.500
1.000
Relative light output
0.500
0.000
0
50
100
150
200
•
Supports two way communications
Stores group / scene programs
Monitors lamp performance, provides
energy consumption data.
Provides predictable dimming
response
Issue – CFL ballast were not available
until after the space was occupied,
which created the need for a UL DALI
relay module.
250
Arc Power in Dec
DALI Message
Go to light level
Go to Minimum
Turn Lamp On/Off
Go to level
What is your current light level?
What is the ballast status?
Description
Sets light level from 1% tp 100%
Sets light level to minimum light level for this setting
Turns to lamp(s) On/Off (power remains on the ballast)
Sets light level at predifined level
Respsonse in percentage
Response is a variety of messages
DALI Loop Controller
(Bus Master)
• Required for any DALI System
• Provides power for the DALI dataline
– Actual power supplied was 150 ma, not 250 ma as
specified.
– Ballast quantity or power consumption dictates bus
quantities.
• Provides protocol translation from DALI - RS-232
• One required for every 64 DALI ballasts
Scene / Group Switches
Single gang four button
switches
• Individual office control.
– Ballast and non dimmed CFL
control
• Open Office Control
– Arrive / Depart Group Control
• Includes group raise / lower
function.
Scene Control - Presets
Scene 1
Meeting
Scene 2
Projection
Scene 3
Presentation
Scene 4
Discussion
DALI Relay Controls
• Available in Power Packs
or switch configuration.
• Used for ON/OFF control
off non DALI loads.
• Used for:
– Non DALI lighting loads
Power Wiring
– Audio Video Equipment
– Shades / Blinds
DALI Bus
NON DALI Ballast or other load
Watt Stopper
Power Pack
DALI Relay
Module
Router
• Used to convert
eight RS-232 DALI
bus controllers to
single Ethernet I./P
address.
• Expensive and
provides little value.
Software for Commissioning
• Assigned unique address
for each ballast
– Address routine brings one
ballast to 100%, dims all
other ballasts on network.
• Supports replacement or
addition of ballasts
• Allows manual control of
ballasts
• Configures scenes and
groups.
Software for Operation
• PC based
– Manages single DALI
bus control
– Allows monitoring and
control
Server Features
• Manages multiple DALI
bus controls
• Provides
– Scheduling
– Multi bus communication.
– Allows employee
workstations to interface to
DALI network.
• Stores historical data
Lessons Learned
• Significant IT requirements for this
project.
• One manufacturer doesn’t have
everything yet.
• Scheduling needs additional
development.
– Distributed Processing
The Commissioner
By: Charles Knuffke
The Goal of Commissioning
• Verify all components are installed properly and
working as specified.
• To ensure that the owner has complete
documentation on the system as it was installed.
Why DALI Commissioning is
extra important
• More points of control than ever before
• More wire in the ceiling than most systems
• More capabilities means more settings to deal
with
DALI Requirements
• All components must be completely installed
– Line Voltage Wiring, DALI Communication Bus, All Ballasts
and Fixtures, and any DALI Override devices
– No Faking It!
• If power is shut off to DALI bus, all lamps go to
100% by default.
Start by reviewing the Hardware
5 Bus Masters and a
Router in a Custom
Enclosure
And the switches
Four 4-Button Master
Switches by the Main Entry
Four Interface and two 4-Button
Switches in the Large Conf. Room
Once everything is ready
• Each ballast address assigned by software
wizard, so they are not readily apparent.
– Commissioning the 1st Bus took 15 minutes, next bus didn’t
get finished before the end of the first day.
• Start with a Clean Reflected Ceiling diagram and
a sharp red pencil.
DALI Addressing
DALI Bus
Bus Master
2
4
DALI
Ballast
10
5
8
11
14
16
12
1
26
9
0
6
7
3
27
13
25
24
23
33
31
37
28
36
32
15
30
18
17
22
19
20
21
38
29
35
34
39
Identifying the Addresses
• Once each ballast was assigned, 2 people work
together to select the address in software, and
match it with a fixture in the space.
– “Optical Feedback” made the process easy. However,
tenants needed to be advised that we would be testing the
system.
– Software has since added a strobe feature.
– Several times we had a bus that had to be re-addressed.
This turned out to be due to a bug in the software.
2
4
10
1
0
6
7
3
DALI Software
• 4 Separate Tools – Palm Handheld, DALI Tool,
WinDim, WinDim-net
– Looking forward to Software improvements.
• Originally info entered into ballasts via WinDim was going to
have to be re-entered into WinDim-net software (approximately
2400 setpoints).
• Some places, groups were numbered 0-15, others 1-16.
Setting Up the System
• Ballast were assigned to groups, and levels
(from 0-255) were set for the various scenes.
Groups were exclusive, and easy to track.
• Commands from WinDim could be used to
communicate to devices in 3 address manners
– Broadcast = All Devices
– Group = Specific Group from 1-16
– Address = Specific Ballast
Excel to the rescue…
Dali Loop
Group
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
#
Room
3
10
17
11
15
1
8
14
5
12
0
16
31
6
2
7
13
18
4
19
20
21
22
23
210 Conference
210 Conference
210 Conference
211 Storage IT
211 Storage IT
212 Coffee
212 Coffee
212 Coffee
213 Conference
213 Conference Cove
213 Conference Pend.
213 Conference Pend.
215 Library
215 Library No. Down
215 Library Pend.
215 Library Pend.
215 Library Pend.
215 Library Pend.
215 Library So Pendant
215 Library So. Pendant
215 Library Stack
215 Library Stack
215 Library Stack
215 Library Stack
Other
Relay
Relay
Relay
Emergency
S1 (#64) S2 (#65) S3 (#66) S4 (#67)
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
200
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
254
243
243
243
243
243
243
254
243
254
100
100
100
243
254
243
243
243
243
243
243
243
243
243
243
229
229
229
229
229
229
0
229
0
150
150
150
229
0
229
229
229
229
204
204
229
229
229
229
204
204
204
204
204
204
0
204
0
0
100
100
204
0
204
204
204
204
170
170
204
204
204
204
...again…
Dali Loop
2A
Com Port
Com 11
# Dali Points
41
Fixt. Addresses
0-40
2B
Com 12
19
0-31,40
2C
Com 13
37
0-37
Issues
1) 208 E. Fixture - Address 2? - not changing light levels. Bad Ballast. Replace.
1) Address 4 not found - relay? 10/31 Found controlling West End 221 accents in D area, should be moved from B
to D loop, (readdressed to 37).
2) So. pendant in library 1 ballast ON always (Address 6 on D loop see note 2D, Note 3)
3) 2 library ballasts pendant no address - believe their power circuit has been wired thru a relay instead of direct.
4) 10/29 New address 19 showed up - relay? - not yet found. 10/31 Kitchen Undercabinet light Address 19 should
be moved from B to loop C, (readdressed to 39)
5) 10/31 Switch in Conf. Room 213 has no voltage.
6) Library Pendant Emergency Ballast #40 not responding - used to work when on D loop
7) 1 Ballast in Library Area not hooked up. Done 12/16/02.
8) 3 Ballasts in new Library fixtures (20,22,23) have stopped responding. 1/22/03 Ken replaced ballasts, short
found and fixed.
1) Logo Line Voltage thru relay?
2) Address 25 wired to NC?
3) New relay installed for kitchen lights. 10/31 Found on B loop, needs to be moved.
3) Can't find 22 ballast? (12/11/02 No longer problem)
4) 229 Conf. Downlights not responding - please check relay. 12/11/02 No longer problem)
5) 230 West Emergency not responding.
6) 11/8 Appears to be bad lamp in address #11 - near column 11D (12/11/02 No longer problem)
7) 11/8 For S. Purdy - why only 2 (24,39) relays showing in address wizard, when there are 5 in loop
2D
2E
Com 14
Com 15
36
13
0-36
0-12
2L
3F
3G
Com 16
Com 8
Com 9
18
32
48
0-16
0-31
0-47
1) 7 addresses not found in Medium Conf room
2) Open office relay also not identified.
3) 10/31 Move Emergency Pendant Light address 6 in Library from Loop D -> B (readdressed to 40)
4) 11/8 Emergency Ballast in fixture by A9 used to respond as address 29, now no response.
None!
1) Can't find Wallwash relay.
2) How to check the starfield devices - probably powered down.
1) 11/8 Address 7 near column 5D not responding - bad connection, ballast or lamp? Done 12/16/02
None!
3H
Com 10
39
0-38
1) Address 19 ballast near columns 11-12 not responding - could be bad lamp or ballast. Done 12/16/02.
…and again!
#
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9
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23
24
IP Address COM
172.22.25.32
11
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11
Loop
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
2A
Group
8
8
5
6
6
1
2
3
2
7
8
8
6
8
8
8
8
7
7
6
8
4
4
3
Add.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Room
209 Center
209 Center
208 Private
209 West
209 West
203 Mail
204 Reception
206 Private
204 Reception
209 North
209 Center
209 Center
209 West
209 Center
209 Center
209 Center
209 Center
209 North
209 North
209 West
209 Center
207 Private
207 Private
206 Private
Other
Emergency
Relay 277V
Relay 120V
Relay 277V
Emergency
Emergency
Location
Inboard
No window
Window
Window
Window
No window
Inboard
Window
Window
Window
Inboard
No window
Window
No window
No window
No window
Inboard
Window
Window
Window
Inboard
Window
Window
Window
Fixture
Ballast Type
F1
1/F32T8
2
6-F3
CFM32
0
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
2-F2,4-F15 CFM32,F32T8 0
2-F2,11-F3
CFM32
0
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
F1
1/F32T8
2
Troubleshooting
• Had Electrician look for ~16VDC on the DALI bus
to the ballasts, and verify ballast wiring.
• Used the software to detect failures, and sent
override commands from the software
• Dataline switch, in addition to overriding groups,
had two testing features that helped
• Broadcast On/Off
• Raise Lower entire Group
Project Takeaways
• Knowing the Bus wire runs is Key.
– Working with the electrician who did the bus wiring is even
better.
• Keep the busses manageable, and try to control
obvious groups together.
• Get full info on all equipment to be interfaced
– Conference room has projector lift, screen and shade
controllers. However, lift used a 24V signal, and switch
contacts was 120V output.
Project Takeaways
Advice for Future Commissioners
• Learn to use Microsoft Excel
• Make sure you’ve got time to check out system,
and understand how checkout will impact
occupants.
– Each time we connected to a specific bus, we had to reinitialize, and that caused all lights to drop to low level.
– Startup up of this site required approximately 60 hours over
12 visits. This broke down to be about 1/3 “New Technology
issues”, 1/3 problem issues, and 1/3 revising setpoints to
meet owner desires.
DALI still in Early Adopter Stage
• High tech, but based on Ballast communication
within a single DALI Bus
– Difficult to take a contact closure across different busses.
– No memory of previous levels.
– Central Server PC issues commands for standard
scheduling.
Hope for Advances
• Open protocol with information stored in the
ballast.
– Offers an opportunity for other companies to develop
software, and drives existing package to improve.
• Existing Bus Master is RS-232 In –> DALI Out.
– Future Bus Masters could have other inputs, and logic to
assist initial troubleshooting.
The Owner
The Owner
has the final word
Benefits to Owner
amount of control
• daylight harvesting
• energy conservation
• sustainable design
• LEED experience
•
The End
Q & A