Transcript EU Transport Policy and the Enlargement Process

EU TRANSPORT POLICY AND
THE ENLARGEMENT PROCESS
Tamás Fleischer
Institute for World Economics
of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
<http://www.vki.hu/~tfleisch>
<[email protected]>
Turkey and EU Enlargement: Prospects and Policies
Public Workshop - Central European University
Center for EU Enlargement Studies (CENS) and
Sabanci University Istanbul Policy Center (IPC)
Budapest, 12-13 January 2012
Main consequences for Turkey (my interpretation)
Years
2012
Turkey
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
(1)
Create a clear
social picture
about the
directions of a
local transport
future: the
possibilities of
decreasing the
car
dependency
(2)
Preparation of
a transport
strategy: what
kind of
transport
structure and
strategy is
needed for the
future
development
of Turkey?
(4)
Study the EU
transport
policy, to see
what can the
EU offer for
Turkey -- and
what Turkey
can offer to
the EU
Global &
intercontinental
(3)
Needs/offers
of the EU for
external
relations
Main consequences for Turkey (my interpretation)
Trans-European North-South Motorway (TEM)
Main consequences for Turkey (my interpretation)
Years
2012
Turkey
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
(1)
Create a clear
social picture
about the
directions of a
local transport
future: the
possibilities of
decreasing the
car
dependency
(2)
Preparation of
a transport
strategy: what
kind of
transport
structure and
strategy is
needed for the
future
development
of Turkey?
(4)
Study the EU
transport
policy, to see
what can the
EU offer for
Turkey -- and
what Turkey
can offer to
the EU
Global &
intercontinental
(3)
Needs/offers
of the EU for
external
relations
Main EU Transport Policy documents
 White Paper 1992 (COM (92) 494 final. The Future Development
of the Common Transport Policy – A Global Approach to the
Construction of a Community Framework for Sustainable Mobility.
Brussels: Commission of the European Communities)
 White Paper 2001 (COM (2001.) 370.final. European transport
policy for 2010: time to decide. Office for Official Publications of the
European Communities, CEC,)
 Mid-term review 2006 (COM(2006) 314 final) Keep Europe
moving - Sustainable mobility for our continent - Mid-term review of
the European Commission’s 2001 Transport White paper.
Communication from the Commission to the Council and the
European Parliament, Brussels, 22.6.2006)
 White Paper 2011 (COM(2011) 144 final. White Paper: Roadmap
to a Single European Transport Area – Towards a competitive and
resource efficient transport System. European Commission, Brussels,
28.3.2011.)
EU transport policy milestones
Years
bef. 1992
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
Specific subsector targets;
(motivation:
competition
balancing)
Global &
intercontinental
EU transport policy milestones
Years
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
bef. 1992
1992
CTP
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
Specific subsector targets;
(motivation:
competition
balancing)
harmonisation
of state
regulations
*
„Single
(keep up with
network to a
USA &
single market” Japan/E-Asia)
TEN-T
EU transport policy milestones
Years
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
bef. 1992
1992
CTP
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
Specific subsector targets;
(motivation:
competition
balancing)
harmonisation
of state
regulations*
„Single
(keep up with
network to a
USA &
single market” Japan/E-Asia)
TEN-T
*
* (Don’t attribute exaggerated significance to the corridors !)
EU transport policy milestones
Years
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
bef. 1992
1992
CTP
1994-96
TEN
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
Specific subsector targets;
(motivation:
competition
balancing)
harmonisation
of state
regulations*
„Single
(keep up with
network to a
USA &
single market” Japan/E-Asia)
TEN-T
TENGuidelines +
emphasis on
14 priority
projects
EU transport policy milestones
Years
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
bef. 1992
1992
CTP
1997
=>
Global &
intercontinental
Specific subsector targets;
(motivation:
competition
balancing)
harmonisation
of state
regulations*
1994-96
TEN
Continental
EU-wide
„Single
(keep up with
network to a
USA &
single market” Japan/E-Asia)
TEN-T
TENGuidelines +
emphasis on
14 priority
projects
EU transport policy milestones
Years
1991–94–97
PEC
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
Pan-European
(Helsinki)
Corridors
EU transport policy milestones
Years
1991–94–97
PEC
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
Pan-European
(Helsinki)
Corridors
EU transport policy milestones
Years
1991–94–97
PEC
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
Pan-European
(Helsinki)
Corridors
That would be an extension of the TEN grid
EU transport policy milestones
Years
1991–94–97
PEC
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
Pan-European
(Helsinki)
Corridors
This is the extension of the E-W axes
EU transport policy milestones
Years
1991–94–97
PEC
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
Pan-European
(Helsinki)
Corridors
And this is what was really happening
EU transport policy milestones
Years
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
1991–94–97
PEC
Pan-European
(Helsinki)
Corridors
1995–99
TINA
TINA
densified
secondary
network for
the accessing
countries
EU transport policy milestones
Years
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
1991–94–97
PEC
Pan-European
(Helsinki)
Corridors
1995–99
TINA
TINA
densified
secondary
network for
the accessing
countries
2002 & 2003
TIRS &
REBIS
Tra. Infrastr.
Reg. Study in
the Balkans
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2001
WP
„Time to
Decide”
Local
urban & suburban
Users in the
heart of
transport
policy
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Breaking the
economic
transport
Reduction in
Decreasing
Continental
EU-wide
link between
growth and
growth;
mobility
road transport
TEN-T
Global &
intercontinental
Managing the
globalisation
of transport
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2001
WP
„Time to
Decide”
2004 (29 April)
TEN-T
Guidelines
Local
urban & suburban
Users in the
heart of
transport
policy
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Breaking the
economic
transport
Reduction in
Decreasing
Continental
EU-wide
link between
growth and
growth;
mobility
road transport
TEN-T
30 priority
projects
Global &
intercontinental
Managing the
globalisation
of transport
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2001
WP
„Time to
Decide”
Local
urban & suburban
Users in the
heart of
transport
policy
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Breaking the
economic
transport
Reduction in
Decreasing
2004 (29 April)
TEN-T
Guidelines
2006
WP review
„Keep Europe
Moving”
Continental
EU-wide
link between
growth and
growth;
mobility
road transport
TEN-T
30 priority
projects
“optimise each
potential”
„Mobility
disconnected
negative side-
mode’s own
must be
from its
effects”
Global &
intercontinental
Managing the
globalisation
of transport
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2001
WP
„Time to
Decide”
Local
urban & suburban
Users in the
heart of
transport
policy
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Breaking the
economic
transport
Reduction in
Decreasing
2004 (29 April)
TEN-T
Guidelines
2006
WP review
„Keep Europe
Moving”
2007
=>
Continental
EU-wide
link between
growth and
growth;
mobility
road transport
TEN-T
30 priority
projects
“optimise each
potential”
„Mobility
disconnected
negative side-
mode’s own
must be
from its
effects”
Global &
intercontinental
Managing the
globalisation
of transport
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2007
Guidelines for
transport in
Europe and
neighbouring
regions:
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
Extension of
the major
transEuropean
transport axes
to the
neighbouring
countries and
regions.
EU transport policy milestones
Years
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
2007
Guidelines for
transport in
Europe and
neighbouring
regions:
2011
Union guidelines for the
development
of the TransEuropean
Transport
Network
(TEN-T)
Global &
intercontinental
Extension of
the major
transEuropean
transport axes
to the
neighbouring
countries and
regions.
Identification
Connecting
these main
of main urban
and other nodes nodes by
multimodal
links
Missing links of
free movement
disparity in quality
lack of nodes cap.
emission reduction
different rules
Adequate
connections to
neighboring
and third
Dual layer
approach: core & countries
comprehensive
network
+ core network
corridors
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2011
WP Roadmap
to a Single
European
Transport
Area –
Towards a
competitive
and resource
efficient
transport
system
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
GHG emission GHG emission
pass 17 %
pass 33 %
freight 6 %
freight 23 %
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
GHG emission
pass 10 %
freight 11 %
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2011
WP Roadmap
to a Single
European
Transport
Area –
Towards a
competitive
and resource
efficient
transport
system
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
GHG emission GHG emission
pass 17 %
pass 33 %
freight 6 %
freight 23 %
Continental
EU-wide
Global &
intercontinental
GHG emission
pass 10 %
freight 11 %
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2011
WP Roadmap
to a Single
European
Transport
Area –
Towards a
competitive
and resource
efficient
transport
system
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
GHG emission GHG emission
pass 17 %
pass 33 %
freight 6 %
freight 23 %
Continental
EU-wide
Goals: 60 %
GHG emission
reduction by
2050;
reducing oil
dependency;
barriers to
increasing
congestion
Global &
intercontinental
GHG emission
pass 10 %
freight 11 %
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2011
WP Roadmap
to a Single
European
Transport
Area –
Towards a
competitive
and resource
efficient
transport
system
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
GHG emission GHG emission
pass 17 %
pass 33 %
freight 6 %
freight 23 %
Continental
EU-wide
Goals: 60 %
GHG emission
reduction by
2050;
reducing oil
dependency;
barriers to
increasing
congestion
+ ‘implicit
objective’:
„…single
European
transport area”
Global &
intercontinental
GHG emission
pass 10 %
freight 11 %
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2011
WP Roadmap
to a Single
European
Transport
Area –
Towards a
competitive
and resource
efficient
transport
system
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
GHG emission GHG emission
pass 17 %
pass 33 %
freight 6 %
freight 23 %
Continental
EU-wide
Goals: 60 %
GHG emission
reduction by
2050;
reducing oil
dependency;
barriers to
increasing
congestion
+ ‘implicit
objective’:
„…single
European
transport area”
Global &
intercontinental
GHG emission
pass 10 %
freight 11 %
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2011
WP Roadmap
to a Single
European
Transport
Area –
Towards a
competitive
and resource
efficient
transport
system
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
GHG emission GHG emission
pass 17 %
pass 33 %
freight 6 %
freight 23 %
(1) Phase out
conventionally
fuelled cars in cities
(3) 30% of >300km
road fright at another
mode by 2030; 50%
by 2050;
(4) 3x more h-s rail
2030, medium dis.
Rail by 2050
(8) Multimodal
inform. Management
payment sys
(9) 0 fatalities by
2050
(10) User / polluter
pays, harmful
subsidies = 0
(9) 0 fatalities by
2050
(10) User / polluter
pays, harmful
subsidies = 0
Continental
EU-wide
Goals: 60 %
GHG emission
reduction by
2050;
reducing oil
dependency;
barriers to
increasing
congestion
+ ‘implicit
objective’:
„…single
European
transport area”
Global &
intercontinental
GHG emission
pass 10 %
freight 11 %
(2) Reduce maritime
emissions with 40%,
low-carbon fuel
planes achieve 40%
share in fleet
(6) rail provision of
air-ports and ports by
2050
(7) Transport manag.
system for air, land,
water by 2020 +
Galileo
(9) 0 fatalities by
2050
(10) User / polluter
pays, harmful
subsidies = 0
EU transport policy milestones
Years
2011
WP Roadmap
to a Single
European
Transport
Area –
Towards a
competitive
and resource
efficient
transport
system
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
GHG emission GHG emission
pass 17 %
pass 33 %
freight 6 %
freight 23 %
(1) Phase out
conventionally
fuelled cars in cities
(3) 30% of >300km
road fright at another
mode by 2030; 50%
by 2050;
(4) 3x more h-s rail
2030, medium dis.
Rail by 2050
(8) Multimodal
inform. Management
payment sys
(9) 0 fatalities by
2050
(10) User / polluter
pays, harmful
subsidies = 0
(9) 0 fatalities by
2050
(10) User / polluter
pays, harmful
subsidies = 0
Continental
EU-wide
Goals: 60 %
GHG emission
reduction by
2050;
reducing oil
dependency;
barriers to
increasing
congestion
+ ‘implicit
objective’:
„…single
European
transport area”
(5) TEN-T core
network by 2030;
capacity extension by
2050
Global &
intercontinental
GHG emission
pass 10 %
freight 11 %
(2) Reduce maritime
emissions with 40%,
low-carbon fuel
planes achieve 40%
share in fleet
(6) rail provision of
air-ports and ports by
2050
(7) Transport manag.
system for air, land,
water by 2020 +
Galileo
(9) 0 fatalities by
2050
(10) User / polluter
pays, harmful
subsidies = 0
EU transport policy milestones
Years
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
bef. 1992
Continental
EU-wide
Specific sub-sector targets; :
competition balancing
1992 CTP
harmonisation of state
regulations
1996 TEN
„Single network to a single
market” + TEN-T
Pan-European
(Helsinki) Corridors
1995–99 TINA
TINA densified secondary
netw. for accessing countries
Users in the heart of transport
policy
Breaking the link between econo mic growth and transport growth
Reduction in mobility
Decreasing road transport
+ TEN-T
Managing the globalisation
of transport
Transport Infrastructure
Regional Study in the Balkans
2002 TIRS & 2003 REBIS
2004 (29 Apr.) TEN-T Guidelines
30 priority projects
“optimise each mode’s own potential”
2006 WP review
„Keep Europe Moving”
„Mobility must be disconnected from its negative side-effects”
Extension of trans-European
transport axes to neighboring
countries and regions.
2007 Guidelines for Europe
and neighboring regions:
2011 WP …to a Single
European Transport Area –
Towards a competitive and
resource efficient transport sy
(keep up with USA &
Japan/E-Asia)
TEN-Guidelines + emphasis
on 14 priority projects
1991–94–97 PEC
2001 WP
„Time to Decide”
Global &
intercontinental
No. (2) (9) (10) of ten goals
2011 TEN-T Guidelines
Identification of urban main nodes
2012 Turkey
(1) Create clear social picture
about local transport future: the
possibilities of decreasing car
dependency
No. (3) (4) (8) (9) (10)
of ten goals
(2) Preparation of a transport
strategy: what kind of trans-port
structure and strategy is needed for
the future development of Turkey?
60 % GHG emiss. reduc. 2050;
reducing oil dependency;
barriers to increasing congestion
+ „single European transport area”
No. (5) of ten goals
No. (2) (6) (7) (9) (10)
of ten goals
Dual layer approach: core &
comprehensive network
+ core network corridors
Adequate connections to
neighbouring and third
countries
(4) Study the EU transport policy,
to see what can the EU offer for
Turkey -- and what Turkey can
offer to EU
(3) Needs/offers of the EU for
external relations
Main consequences for Turkey (my interpretation)
Years
2012
Turkey
Local
urban & suburban
C/Macro-regional
<300 – cc.800km
Continental
EU-wide
(1)
Create a clear
social picture
about the
directions of a
local transport
future: the
possibilities of
decreasing the
car
dependency
(2)
Preparation of
a transport
strategy: what
kind of
transport
structure and
strategy is
needed for the
future
development
of Turkey?
(4)
Study the EU
transport
policy, to see
what can the
EU offer for
Turkey -- and
what Turkey
can offer to
the EU
Global &
intercontinental
(3)
Needs/offers
of the EU for
external
relations
EU TRANSPORT POLICY AND
THE ENLARGEMENT PROCESS
Tamás Fleischer
Institute for World Economics
of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
<http://www.vki.hu/~tfleisch>
<[email protected]>
THANKS FOR
YOUR ATTENTION !
Turkey and EU Enlargement: Prospects and Policies
Public Workshop - Central European University
Center for EU Enlargement Studies (CENS) and
Sabanci University Istanbul Policy Center (IPC)
Budapest, 12-13 January 2012