Transcript World GDP Share (1999)

Global Economy, Energy and
Environment: An Overview
GDP (Trillion US$ 1990)
25
20
Developed
GDP
15
10
Developing
5
Transition
0
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
Global Population (Billion)
5
Developing
Population
4
3
2
1
Developed
Transition
0
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
GDP and Population Share - 1999
Population
GDP
4%
14%
23%
8%
78%
73%
Developed
Developing
Transition
GDP and Population Share - 1999
GDP
2%
4%
3%
Population
24%
8%
3%
13%
7%
32%
7%
31%
7%
4%
North America
Central and South America
Western Europe
Eastern Europe and Former U.S.S.R
Middle East
Africa
Far East & Oceania
55%
Global Energy Consumption (1015 Btu)
250
Consumption
200
Developed
150
Developing
100
Transition
50
0
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
Global Carbon Emissions (BTCE)
3.0
Developed
2.5
Developing
Emissions
2.0
1.5
1.0
Transition
0.5
0.0
1991
1993
1995
BTCE: Billion Tons of Carbon Equivalent
1997
1999
Shares of Energy and Carbon Emissions - 1999
Energy Consumption
Carbon Emissions
14%
14%
34%
38%
48%
52%
Developed
Developing
Transition
Share of Energy and Carbon Emissions - 1999
Energy Consumption
4% 3%
Carbon Emissions
5%
26%
4%
29%
13%
13%
17%
18%
31%
5%
4%
North America
Central and South America
Western Europe
Eastern Europe and Former U.S.S.R
Middle East
Africa
Far East & Oceania
28%
Global Energy Production (1015 Btu)
200
Developin
g
Energy Production
160
Developed
120
80
Transition
40
0
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
Primary Energy Production (1999)
16%
Transition
Developed
Developing
36%
48%
World Primary Energy Production - 1999
7%
14%
19%
16%
12%
25%
7%
North America
Western Europe
Middle East
Far East & Oceania
Central and South America
Eastern Europe and Former U.S.S.R
Africa
Per Capita GDP (1999)
(Thousand 1990 US$)
25
GDP/person
20
15
10
5
0
Developed
Transition
Developing
Energy Intensity of GDP - 1999
(Thousand Btu /1990 US$)
Energy Intensity
60
45
30
15
0
Developed
Transition
Developing
Carbon Intensity of GDP - 1999
(TC/Million 1990 US$)
1000
Carbon Intensity
800
600
400
200
0
Developed
Transition
Developing
Per Capita Energy Consumption - 1999
(Billion Btu/ person)
0.25
Energy/ Person
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
Developed
Transition
Developing
Per Capita Carbon Emission - 1999
(TC/ person)
Carbon/ Person
4
3
2
1
0
Developed
Transition
Developing
Structural Changes in
Developing Economies
GDP Trends in Selected Countries (1990 = 1.0)
Period: 1966-95
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Economic Development Phases
High
Growth
Medium
Growth
Phase
Phase
Under developed
Medium
-Low
Growth
Phase
Developing
Low
Growth
Phase
Time
Developed
Relationship between GDP AAGR
and Shares of Manufacturing
9
12
8
15
GDP AAGR
7
17
20
6
26
8
4
13
1
3
2
3
5
10
16
2
9
25
11
4
24
27
14
7
21
23
22
6
1
0
-0.6
29
28
18
5
19
30
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Relative Index
0.8
1.0
1.2
Average Annual Growth Rate of Total
Population in Selected Countries (%)
Country
60’s
80’s
00’s
20’s
China
2.4
1.5
0.7
0.3
India
2.3
2.1
1.4
0.9
USA
1.2
1.0
0.7
0.5
Japan
1.0
0.6
0.0
-0.4
Germany
0.7
0.1
0.0
-0.3
Brazil
2.8
2.0
1.2
0.7
Poland
1.0
0.7
0.2
0.0
Tunisia
2.0
2.4
1.5
1.0
Critical Trends, UN, 1997
Average Annual Growth Rate of Urban
Population in Selected Countries (%)
Country
60’s
80’s
00’s
20’s
China
3.2
4.4
2.8
1.5
India
3.3
3.2
2.9
2.4
USA
1.7
1.2
1.0
0.7
Japan
2.4
0.7
0.3
-0.2
Germany
1.1
0.5
0.2
-0.2
Brazil
5.1
3.2
1.6
0.9
Poland
1.9
1.3
0.8
0.5
Tunisia
4.1
3.6
2.4
1.4
Critical Trends, UN, 1997
Illiteracy Rate (Over 15 Years Old)
Country
Year
(%)
Canada
1986
3.4
Former Soviet Union
1989
2.0
Rep. of Korea
1990
3.7
Poland
1978
1.2
China
1990
22.2
Brazil
1991
20.1
Tunisia
1989
42.7
Statistical Yearbook, UNESCO, 1994
GDP Shares of Sectors in Selected Countries
Country
USA
Japan
Mexico
Malaysia
China
India
Year
Agriculture
Industries
Services
1970
2.7
34.8
62.4
1991
2.0
27.0
71.0
1970
6.1
46.6
47.3
1991
2.0
39.0
59.0
1970
12.0
30.0
58.0
1991
8.0
30.0
62.0
1970
29.0
28.0
43.0
1991
17.0
43.0
40.0
1970
40.0
41.0
19.0
1991
28.0
49.0
23.0
1970
42.0
21.0
37.0
1991
32.0
28.0
40.0
Statistical Yearbook, UNESCO, 1994
Number of Vehicles per 100 People (1992)
Country
Total
Passenger Car
Tunisia
6.0
3.8
Brazil
8.6
7.9
Mexico
12.3
8.3
USA
74.6
56.5
India
0.6
0.3
Japan
49.5
31.3
China
0.6
0.2
Czech Republic
25.6
22.3
Poland
20.5
16.9
Germany
52.3
48.7
Netherlands
41.6
37.3
Australia
56.6
45.0
World Automotive Market Report 1994-95
Number of Radio and Television per 1000 People (1992)
Country
Radio
Television
Zimbabwe
84
USA
2,118
Argentina
683
Brazil
386
China
182
India
80
Japan
908
Thailand
192
France
889
Hungary
599
Poland
435
UK
1,146
Statistical Yearbook, UNESCO, 1994
27.0
815.0
221.0
208.0
31.0
37.0
614.0
114.0
408.0
414.0
295.0
435.0
Fossil Contribution to CO2 Emissions
Africa
Coal 1996 (%)
44.5
Asia/
Pacific
56.1
Latin
America
7.7
OECD
World
31.0
37.7
Oil 1996 (%)
42.7
37.1
71.7
48.7
42.8
Nat. Gas 1996 %
12.8
6.8
20.6
20.3
19.5
90-96 Coal cha.%
18.3
24.5
-3.8
-0.3
2.6
90-96 Oil cha. %
16.3
37.3
10.9
7.8
5.7
90-96 Gas cha. %
33.4
61.9
31.4
23.2
15.1
90-96 Tot.cha. %
19.1
31.1
13.2
7.8
6.2
Climate Change Policy Initiatives – 1995/96 Updated, vol. 2,
“Selected Non-IEA Countries”, OECD/IEA, 1996
Global GDP (1990 US$ Trillion)
25
GDP
20
Developed
15
10
Developing
5
Transition
0
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
Country Comparisons
Selected Countries
Developing Countries
Developed Countries
• China
• India
• Indonesia
• Brazil
• South Africa
• France
• Germany
• Japan
• Russia
• S. Korea
• U.K
• US.A
GDP (Billion 1990 US$)
1000
800
GDP
600
400
200
0
1991
China
1993
Brazil
1995
India
Indonesia
1997
South Africa
1999
Population (Million)
1400
Population (Million)
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1991
China
1993
India
1995
Indonesia
1997
Brazil
South Africa
1999
Energy Consumption (1015 Btu)
Energy Consumption
40
30
20
10
0
1991
China
1993
India
1995
Brazil
South Africa
1997
1999
Indonesia
Carbon Emission (MTCE)
Carbon Emissions (MTCE)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1991
China
1993
India
1995
South Africa
1997
Brazil
1999
Indonesia
MTCE: Million Ton of Carbon Equivalent
Energy Production (1015 Btu)
Energy Production
40
30
20
10
0
1991
China
1993
India
1995
Indonesia
1997
Brazil
South Africa
1999
Per Capita GDP - 1999
(Thousand 1990 US$)
4
GDP/person
3
2
1
0
India
Indonesia
China
Brazil
South
Africa
0
Brazil
Indonesia
0
USA
UK
S. Korea
Russia
Japan
32
Germany
40
France
Energy Intensity
Energy Intensity - 1999
(Thousand Btu/1990 US$)
80
60
24
40
16
8
20
300
0
0
USA
200
UK
600
S. Korea
400
Russia
900
Japan
600
Germany
1200
France
800
China
Carbon Intensity
Carbon Intensity - 1999
(TC/Million 1990 US$)
Energy Consumption Per Capita - 1999
(Billion Btu/Person)
0.10
0.4
0.08
0.06
0.2
0.04
0.1
0.02
USA
UK
S. Korea
Russia
Japan
0.0
Germany
0.00
France
Energy/ Person
0.3
Carbon Emissions Per Capita - 1999
(TC/ Person)
2.50
2.00
6
5
1.50
3
1.00
2
USA
UK
S. Korea
Russia
0
Japan
0.00
1
Germany
0.50
France
Carbon / person
4