Odin2002

Transcript Odin2002

The First Year of ODIN

Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 1

Start-2 20 February 2001 – Launch from Svobodny, Russia Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 2

- Attitude Control System - Cooler & Battery - Phase lock 572 GHz - Phase lock 119 GHz

e.g. Pointing & Beam Offset

10 arcsec

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ODIN - A SUB-MILLIMETRE SATELLITE FOR ASTRONOMY & AERONOMY

50/50

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1 fixed + 4 tunable receivers 2 digital hybrid autocorrelators (AC) 1 acousto-optical spectrometer (AOS) Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 5

The First Year of

SPECIAL ISSUE Letters - March 2003 ?

ODIN

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System/Topic Author et al.

Odin Observatory L. Nordh Radiometer U. Frisk Calibrations M. Olberg Highlights Å. Hjalmarson Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 7

Molecule Source Isotope

O 2 see next slide H 2 O W 3 Ori A H 2 18 O Comets H 2 18 O Galactic Centre H 2 18 O IRAS 16297 NH 3 IC 443

Oph A Ori A 15 NH 3 : Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 8

1 K 0.1 K O 2 119 GHz 0.01 K 1 sec 1 min 1 hr 1 day Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 9

Line = C 18 O Noise = O 2 Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 10

Odin and SWAS and O 2 Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 11

Oph A : Odin and SWAS and O 2 Spectrum Map

A (K)

Odin: Pagani et al. 2003 SWAS: Goldsmith et al. 2002

lsr (km/s)

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Source X(O 2 ) TMC 1- NH 3 < 7.7 (-8) Ori A < 8.9 (-8) NGC 2071 < 1.5 (-7) L 134N - NH 3 < 1.7 (-7)

Oph A < 9.3 (-8) IRAS 16293 < 1.2 (-7) NGC 6334 I < 7.1 (-8) G0.26-0.01 < 7.6 (-7) M 17 SW < 5.7 (-7) S68 FIRS1 < 9.7 (-8) G34.3+0.2 <5.2 (-8) The Oxygen Desert by L. Pagani et al.

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Odin DETECTIONS

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Comets

A. Lecacheux et al.

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H

O H

2 18

O

A. Lecacheux et al.

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H

O map

A. Lecacheux et al.

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Water in W3 C. Wilson et al.

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IRS 4 IRS 5 SWAS pointing C. Wilson et al.

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IRS3 no red peak: add IRS3 to IRS5 => inverted asymmetry Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 21

Water toward the Galactic Centre +50 CND a b c +20 Aa. Sanqvist et al.

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Water toward the Galactic Centre Sgr A* Circum Nuclear Disk Absorption Feature a 3 kpc arm b -30 km/s arm c local Sgr arm N(H 2 ) 3.2 10 21 9.0 10 20 1.0 10 22 X(H 2 O) > 2 10 -9 > 1 10 -8 > 2 10 -9 , < 5 10 -8 ( nd H 2 18 O) Aa. Sanqvist et al.

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Water toward IRAS 16239-2422 Model parameters: Schöier et al. 2002 ALI: P. Bergman central absorption due to envelope Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 24

Water toward the Orion Molecular Cloud

lsr

A.O.H. & G. Olofsson et al.

(0, 0) @ Ori KL Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 25

H 2 O 557 GHz Orion KL Declination - Velocity A.O.H. & G. Olofsson et al.

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H 2 O & H 2 18 O in Ori KL a = H 2 O observed a ´ – b difference b = H 2 18 O observed A.O.H. & G. Olofsson et al.

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Ammonia toward the Orion Molecular Cloud KAO: Keene et al. 1983 Odin: B. Larsson et al. Bar: First NH 3 Detection Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 28

Ammonia toward the Orion Molecular Cloud B. Larsson et al.

13 ´´ CO (7- 6) X o (NH 3 ) Ori KL Warm Gas: 4.5 10 -6 Outflow: 6 10 -7 Odin 2 ´ Orion Bar

(NH 3 ) = 5 10 -9

(o/p = 1)

Ori S: 3 10 -7 Map and Model Parameters: T. Wilson et al. 2001 Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 29

NH 3 without Phase Lock ?

Telluric Ozone Line Low mixer current rms = 0.3 chnl.

= 0.1 km/s Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 30

Ammonia toward Molecular Clouds KAO: Keene et al. 1983 Odin: R. Liseau et al. Other Sources: NGC 1333 S 140 DR 21 (OH) W 3 W 3 (OH) No Detections DC: First NH 3 Detection Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 31

NH 3 toward the dense core

Oph A R. Liseau et al.

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R. Liseau et al.

Oph A NH

(1

- 0

)

(a) C 17 O column density N(H 2 ) = (0.5 – 1.3) 10 23 volume density n(H 2 ) = (0.4 – 1.0) 10 5 cm cm -3 -2 [5 – 50 K] (b) CH 3 O kinetic gas temperature T k = 20 K X(CH 3 OH) = 3 10 -9

E /X A = 0.89

(a & b) ammonia abundance X(NH 3 ) = 8 10 -10

(1 0 C (2 17 1 1 (3 3 2 NH 3 3 – 0 – 1 – 2 – 3 1 1 0 2 2 3 ) ortho Tex = 6.5 K ) (2 ) (3 2 3 – 3 3 ) Wootten et al. 1994 t 0 = 4.6

) ortho -5.2 -0.005

Cohen & Poynter 1974, Poynter & Kakar 1975,

this work

Danby et al. 1988

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present Model and Herschel-HIFI

Oph A Ammonia and Methanol Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 34

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THE END BUT NOT FOR ODIN

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Ammonia toward the Orion Molecular Cloud 15 NH 3 and u-line ?

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Ammonia toward the Orion Molecular Cloud 15 NH 3 and u-line ?

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NH 3 (1 0 – 0 0 ) phase lock and frequency scale: Orion Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 39

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THE ODIN SPACECRAFT



Platform : 3-axis stabilised w. reaction wheels, star trackers & gyros



Mass: 250 kg ( Bus: 170 kg, Payload: 80 kg)



Height: 2.0 m



Width: 3.8 m (1.1 m stowed)



Power: 340 W (deployable, fixed solar arrays)



Telescope : 1.1 m offset Gregorian

 

Pointing: 15 arcsec (staring), (1.2 arcmin scanning: aeronomy) Surface: 8

m primary, 5

m secondary (rms)



Material: CFRP skins on honeycomb



Launch : 2001 on Start-1 (Svobodny, Russia)



Orbit: circular synchronous (620 km, ascending node @ 18:00)



Lifetime: 2 yr (minimum)



Communication: Esrange, Sweden ( > 720 kbit/s)



Data Storage: solid state memory ( > 100 Mbyte) Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 41

THE ODIN RADIOMETER

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ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS



Front-Ends

Schottky diodes (120 K, Stirling cooled)



480 - 580 GHz: 4 tunable receivers (17 GHz)

 System Noise Temperature: 2300 K (SSB) 

119 GHz: 1 fixed receiver (InP HEMT)

 System Noise Temperature: 500 K (SSB)   

Back-Ends

2 digital hybrid autocorrelators (HAC) 1 acousto-optical spectrometer (AOS) (3 filters - 40 MHz: aeronomy) Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 43

ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS

C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz Spectrometer:

Bandwidth - Resolution

AOS : Correlators :

1000 MHz - 1 MHz 4 x 200 MHz - 1 MHz 4 x 100 MHz - 500 kHz 2 x 100 MHz - 250 kHz 1 x 100 MHz - 125 kHz

(0.07 km s -1 @ 557 GHz) Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 44

ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS

C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz

O

119

A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz

O

487

CS 490 HDO 490 HD 18 O 493, 502 [C I] ( 3 P 1 3 P 0 ) 492 [ 13 C I] ( 3 P 1 3 P 0 ) 492 (F = 1/2-1/2, 3/2-1/2)

A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz

H

O 557 NH

572

H 2 18 O 548 C 18 O (5-4) 549 CO (5-4) 576 13 CO (5-4) 551 H 2 17 O 552

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ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS

C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz

O

119

A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz

SWAS O

487

[C I] ( 3 P 1 3 P 0 ) 492 [ 13 C I] ( 3 P 1 3 P 0 ) 492 (F = 1/2-1/2, 3/2-1/2)

A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz

H

O 557 NH

572

H 2 18 O 548 C 18 O (5-4) 549 CO (5-4) 576 13 CO (5-4) 551 H 2 17 O 552

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ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS

FIRST - HIFI BAND 1 480 GHz___________________________________640 GHz A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz

O

487

A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz

H

O 557 NH

572

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LOW-LYING LEVELS OF O

& NH

3 Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 48

Transition (J,K) - (J,K)

NH

ENERGY LEVELS

E/k (K)

n l

A (GHz) (

m) (s -1 ) (1,0) - (0,0) 29 572 524 1.6 10 -3 (1,1) (2,2) 24 65 24 1.3 10 4 24 1.3 10 4 1.7 10 -7 2.3 10 -7 (2,0) - (1,0) (2,1) s (2,1) a - (1,1) - (1,1) a s 87 1215 82 1215 80 1168 247 247 257 1.2 10 -2 1.4 10 -2 1.2 10 -2 SWAS gave little o-H 2 O, so what about o-NH 3 ?

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+ HIGH-LYING LEVELS OF H

O & HDO

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TELESCOPE BEAMS

ODIN 557 GHz 2.’1 FIRST 557 GHz 39’’ SWAS 553 GHz 3.’3 x 4.’5 ISO 1670 GHz 80’’ FIRST 1670 GHz 13’’ Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 51

Water toward IC 443 Hjalmarson et al.

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