Standards for Technological Literacy (ITEA) and National Educational Technology Standards (ISTE): Compare and Contrast

New Mexico Technology in Education Conference Ruidoso, NM October 3-5, 2007

Overview of this presentation

       Background of Ed. Standards in U. S.

Confusion about “technology” by the public Some basic definitions Standards for Technological Literacy (STL)(ITEA) National Educational Technology Standards (NETS·S)(ISTE) The importance of NETS·S and STL in today’s education Summary

Background of Educational Standards in the U. S.

Educational Standards

  Late 1970’s and 1980’s 1989 - Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM) (Revised in 2000)   1993 - Benchmarks for Science Literacy (AAAS) 1996 - National Science Education Standards (NRC)  Almost all of the other subject areas in schools developed national standards in the 1990’s

Confusion about “technology” by the public in the U. S.

Technology is not understood

 Gallup poll (ITEA)

Confusion about Technology in U.S.

 The ITEA Gallup Poll findings on “What Americans Think About Technology” are in the in the March 2002 and September, 2004 issues of

The Technology Teacher ( www.iteaconnect.org

)

  Two out of three Americans view technology narrowly as being computers and the Internet.

The public sees engineering and science as the same as technology.

Technology is not understood

      Gallup poll (ITEA) Technology is Science Technology is Engineering Technology is computers Technology is “digital stuff”  Technology affects people, society, the environment, history Technology solves problems … technology creates problems

Some basic definitions

What is Technology?

    In the broadest sense, technology extends our abilities to change the world: to cut, shape, or put together materials; to move things from one place to another; to reach farther with our hands, voices, and senses. (

Benchmarks for Science Literacy

, AAAS, 1993) The goal of technology is to make modifications in the world to meet human needs. (

National Science Education Standards

, NRC, 1996) It is the innovation, change, or modification of the natural environment in order to satisfy perceived human wants and needs. (

Standards for Technological Literacy

, ITEA, 2000) Technology is the process by which humans modify nature to meet their needs and wants. (

Technically Speaking: Why All Americans Need to Know More About Technology

, NAE/NRC, 2002)

What is Science?

 Science deals with understanding the natural world. (

National Science Education Standards

, 1996)

What is Engineering?

 Engineering is the profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences gained by study, experience, and practices is applied with judgments to develop ways to utilize economically the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind. (ABET, 2002)

  

What is Technological Literacy?

ITEA’s

Standards for Technological Literacy: Content for the Study of Technology

defines technological literacy as the ability to use, manage, evaluate, and understand technology.

Technological literacy, like other forms of literacy, is what every person needs in order to be an informed and contributing citizen for the world of today and tomorrow.

Technological literacy is more a capacity to understand the broader technological world rather than an ability to work with specific processes of it. (NAE/NRC, 2002)

Technological Literacy (Cont.)

 To achieve technological literacy, students must develop a broad sense of technological knowledge and abilities.

 Technological literacy is NOT the same as technical competency.

 Technical competency is what some people need to be successful in a technical career. (ITEA, 2003)

Standards for Technological Literacy

International Technology Education Association (ITEA)(2000/2002/2008) (Funded by NSF & NASA)

So how do we educate our citizens to be technologically literate?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

STL

presents the

content

for what every student should know and be able to do in order to be technologically literate.

www.iteaconnect.org

Standards

 Standards are written statements about what is valued that can be used for making a judgment of quality.

 Standards represent fundamental concepts.

 The goal is to meet all of the standards in Grades K-12.

Nature of Technology

1.

2.

3.

Students will develop an understanding of the characteristics and scope of technology .

Students will develop an understanding of the core concepts of technology .

Students will develop an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the connection between technology and other fields of study .

4.

5.

6.

7.

Technology and Society

Students will develop an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology .

Students will develop an understanding of the effects of technology on the environment .

Students will develop an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of technology .

Students will develop an understanding of the influence of technology on history .

Design

 Students will develop an understanding of the attributes of design .

 Students will develop an understanding of engineering design .

 Students will develop an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development, invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving .

Abilities for a Technological World

 Students will develop the abilities to apply the design process .

 Students will develop the abilities to use and maintain technological products and systems .

 Students will develop the abilities to assess the impact of products and systems .

The Designed World

   Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use medical technologies .

Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use agricultural and related biotechnologies .

Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use energy and power technologies .

The Designed World (Cont.)

    Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use information and communication technologies .

Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use transportation technologies .

Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use manufacturing technologies .

Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use construction technologies .

Benchmarks

Features of Nationally-Developed Standards

   Emphasize a comprehensive, focused, and coherent approach to education.

Emphasize content more than curriculum. Recognize the need to define more than what students should know and be able to do.

Summarized from Rodger Bybee, BSCS

Advancing Excellence in Technological Literacy: Student Assessment, Professional Development, and Program Standards (ITEA, 2003) (www.iteaconnect.org)

National Educational Technology Standards

International Society for Technology in Education (1998 & 2007)

Ready or Not . . . The World is Different !



Work is different ...

  

Tools are different ...

Communication is different ...

Information is different ...



Kids are different ...

. . . And Learning Must Be Different, Too !

Defining Learning Technology Standards for the Digital Generation

Then . . . And . . . Now The World is Different !

Then … telecommunications audio tapes video tapes simulations email web projects problem-solving multimedia hypermedia Now … mobile access GIS/GPS systems instant messaging blogs Wikis MUVEs laptops (1:1 access) Cell Phones Virtual reality

Resources to Support Learning Technology Standards

1998 - ISTE NETS for Students were released 1999 - ISTE NETS Connecting Curriculum and Technology (Lessons and Units) 2000 - ISTE NETS for Teachers 2001 - Preparing Teachers To Use Technology 2002 - NETS•T: Resources for Assessment 2003 - ISTE NETS for Administrators 2005 - NETS•S: Resources for Assessment

NETS•S Refresh Process

Consensus Building

• Feedback Forums • Online Surveys • Advisory Groups • Accreditation and

Standards Committee

• ISTE Leadership Team

Revision Guidelines . . .

•

Incorporate feedback from the field

•

Consider multiple audiences

•

Preserve backward compatibility

•

Include standards statements for each category

•

Align numbering of items with other NETS

•

Preserve roughly similar length

•

Update language

•

Lead with student learning rather than tools

•

Consolidate where needed

•

Expand to include new needs

•

Add assessment resources to package

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

ISTE NETS for Students Standards Categories. . .Transition

1998 Basic Operations and Concepts Social, Ethical, and Human Issues Technology Productivity Tools Technology Communications Tools Technology Research Tools Technology Problem solving and Decision making Tools 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

2007 Creativity and Innovation (3,4,6) Communication and Collaboration (4) Critical Thinking, Problem-solving and Decision-making (6,3) Research & Information Retrieval (5) Digital Citizenship (2) Technology Operations and Concepts (1)

ISTE NETS•S Refresh

Digital Creativity & Innovation Critical Thinking, Problem Solving & Decision Making Technology Operations & Concepts Research & Information Fluency Communication & Collaboration Citizenship Draft of Refreshed ISTE National Educational Technology Standards for Students Copyright ISTE ® 2007

ISTE NETS for Students Performance Profiles

   

Profiles include performance indicators for each of four grade ranges: Pre-Kindergarten - Grade 2 Grades 3-5 Grades 6-8 Grades 9-12

The importance of NETS·S and STL in today’s education

Why NETS·S & STL

   Wide acceptance: NETS·S is used in 49 states and STL in used in 42 states NETS·S focuses on “… what students should know and be able to do to live productively in an increasingly digital world” STL focuses on “… what students should know and be able to do in order to be technologically literate”

 

Why NETS·S & STL (Continued)

The next generation of NETS·S targets skills and expertise and less on tools NETS·S addresses:        Creativity and innovation Communication and collaboration Research and information fluency Critical thinking Problem-solving and decision making Digital citizenship Technology operations and concepts

Why NETS·S & STL (Continued)

 At the Student Profile levels (Pre K-2, 3-5, 6-8, & 9 12), NETS·S is concerned with content and experiences that includes:  Information technology and digital resources    Digital tools Media-rich resources Virtual environments (such as electronic books, simulation software, and websites)    Digital instruments and measurement devices Hardware and software Media (videos, animations, presentations, etc.)

Why NETS·S & STL



(Continued)

NETS·S received support from:  Level one:  Adobe Systems  Apple   Intel Pearson Education  Level two:  Microsoft   Promethean Inc.

Smart Technologies

Why NETS·S & STL (Continued)

 STL focuses on content and experiences that includes:  What is technology (broadly speaking) and how does it relate to technological literacy  How does technology affect society and vice versa   Design and problem solving Abilities for a technological world

Why NETS·S & STL (Continued)

STL is concerned with content and experiences that includes:  Major technologies found in the designed world today:        Information and communication technology Medical technology Agriculture and related biotechnology Energy and Power technology Transportation technology Manufacturing technology Construction technology

Why NETS·S & STL (Continued)

 ITEA & STL received support from:  National Science Foundation (NSF)  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)  STL was successfully reviewed by the National Research Council and the National Academy of Engineering  STL was given formal support by the National Academy of Engineering

  

Why NETS·S & STL (Continued)

Each set of standards (NETS·S & STL) is designed to provide quite different knowledge and skills of what each student needs in their education to prepare them for the future NETS·S should not be used as the basis to educate students on what to know and be able to do to be technologically literate Likewise, STL should not be used as the basis to educate students on what to know and be able to do to be able to learn effectively and live productively in an increasingly digital world

Summary

Thank You!

William E. Dugger, Jr.

Senior Fellow International Technology Education Association [email protected]

www.iteaconnect.org