Transcript Document
Countermeasures for Impaired Driving Offenders May 2010 Heidi L. Coleman Chief, Impaired Driving Division NHTSA Topics • National Fatality Trends • Problem ID – impaired driving fatalities • Various “Categories” of Impaired Driving Offenders • NHTSA Strategy and Countermeasures Overview – Fatalities and Fatality Rates Prior Periods of Significant Declines *Projected Fatalities and Fatality Rate 15th Consecutive Quarter of Declines Alcohol Impaired Driving Fatalities and Rates, 1982-2008 1.4 25000 1.2 20000 1 15000 0.8 0.6 10000 0.4 5000 0.2 0 0 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 Change from 2007 to 2008 2008 Annual Assessment Total In alcohol-impaired driving crashes % of Total Rate (per 100M VMT) Source: FARS Year 2007 41,259 2008 37,261 13,041 11,773 31.6% 31.6% 0.43 0.40 Change % Change -3,998 -9.7% -1,268 -9.7% Our “Target Audience” • “Potential” Offenders •Not yet caught or convicted • “First” Offenders •First time caught or convicted • “Highest Risk” Offenders •Repeat and High BAC Offenders Distribution of Blood Alcohol Concentration Values Among Drivers and Motorcycle Riders with Positive BAC Values, 2008 700 600 High BAC = ≥.15 g/dL illegal Per se Level - BAC = .08 g/dL 84% AR fatalities Highest BAC ≥ .08 500 400 300 200 100 BAC (g/dL) .45+ 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 0 Drivers/Motorcycle Riders 800 Alcohol-Impaired Drivers by Prior Convictions Alcohol-Impaired Drivers, By Prior DWI Convictions in 2008* Prior Offense Type Alcohol-Impaired Number Percent 10,946 100% 2+ Previous DWI 128 1.2% 1 Previous DWI 720 6.6% 0 Previous DWI 9,636 88% 462 4.2% Unknown *FARS records Prior convictions within last 3 years from the date of the crash Source: FARS 2008 Annual Report File [ARF] Alcohol-Impaired Drivers by Prior Convictions and Suspensions* Alcohol-Impaired Drivers, By Prior DWI Convictions and Suspensions in 2008* Prior Offense Type Alcohol-Impaired Number Percent 10,946 100% 2+ Previous DWI 128 1.2% 1 Previous DWI 720 6.6% 0 Previous DWI and 1+ Prior Suspension 1,903 17% 0 Previous DWI and No Prior Suspension 7,733 71% 462 4.2% Unknown *FARS records Prior convictions and suspensions within last 3 years from the date of the crash Source: FARS 2008 Annual Report File [ARF] Alcohol-Impaired Drivers by Prior DWI / Suspensions* *Within Last 3 Years from Crash Strategic Approach by “Target Audience” •“Potential” Offenders • Prevention •“First” Offenders • Deterrence •“Highest Risk” Offenders (Repeat and High BAC Offenders) • Supervision and Treatment (as appropriate) Prevention for “Potential” Offenders • High Visibility Enforcement • Create perception of risk • Crackdowns and Sustained Enforcement • Frequency, Intensity, Visibility, Timing, Location • Paid and earned media • Screening and Brief Intervention • Motivation at Teachable Moment • Medical Community – trauma centers, Emergency Departments • Colleges • Workplace Deterrence for “First” Offenders • Criminal Justice System • Training and Education for CJS Professionals • Appropriate Sanctions • Ignition Interlocks • Mandatory Law for All Offenders in 13 States • Increase use • Improve implementation • Risk Assessment • Under Development by APPA Supervision (and Treatment) For “Highest Risk” Offenders • DWI Courts • 526 DWI Courts • More than 2600 drug courts • Healthy People 2020 • Other Close Supervision Practices • APPA Supervision Guidelines • Intensive Supervision Report •Various Models • 24/7 • Westchester • Staggered Sentencing Statewide Impaired Driving Program • Assessments and SMRs • Assessments – expert panel • Special Management Reviews based on performance •Leadership Model • Assessment • Strategic Plan • Leadership Team Drug Impaired Driving • National Roadside Survey • 2010 National Drug Control Strategy – Drugged Driving • Drug Per Se Drug Laws • Data on Drugged Driving • Educating Communities and Professionals • Training to Law Enforcement • Standard Screening Methodologies for Drug Testing Labs Thank you. Questions? Heidi L. Coleman Chief, Impaired Driving Division 202-366-2568 [email protected]