Transcript 4 Phase Model of Project Management

4 Phase Model of a Project
An interpretation of the Scottish Parliament & Welsh Assembly
Four phases of a project
• Conception
• Development
• Realisation
• Termination
Lockyer. K., Gordon. J
Four phases of a project
• Conception
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Organisations capability
Costs
Required budget
Product specification
Capital outlay
Procurement
Contract conditions
• Development
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Detailed design and specification
Appoint project manager
Create project team
Project plan (outline)
Four phases of a project
• Realisation
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Project progress
Expenditure
Costs
problems
• Termination
– Success of methods used
– Performance of then team members
– Reliability of the suppliers
The purpose of project phases
Projects are broken up into a number of
project phases, each of which is a
designated group of activities that normally
result in a deliverable or a milestone. Project
phases are defined to assist in control or
management of the project.
Original Model Lockyer & Gordon
Conception
Development
Realisation
Termination
Only a slight overlap between the phases – normal situation
Fast Track Construction Technique
variation (design – build)
interpreted by David Moulton
Conception
Development
Realisation
Termination
Note overlap increased here.
This is where the time is saved using a fast track approach. Realisation (in this case
construction) can begin while development (in this case design) begins. Result time
saved (in theory).
The reality of the Scottish Parliament
Interpreted by David Moulton
Conception phase
Development phase
Termination Phase
Termination
Realisation phase
Notice how the three phases overlap, the conception phase is still not fully
complete even while the realisation phase is being undertaken. The many
changes in the project required alterations to aspects of the concept and also
changes to plans made in the development phase. The lack of clarity of the key
objectives and which had priority (conception phase) increased risk and created
uncertainty
The Welsh Assembly
Interpreted by David Moulton
Method reviewed
Conception
Development
Realisation
Termination
The Welsh Assembly also adopted a fast track method (construction
method – design/build) similar to that used by the Scottish Parliament.
However they found that this was difficult to control in terms of cost and
time and decided to review the situation. The decision was to stop using
the fast track approach (red line) and contract to a construction
organisation on a fixed price basis. The result was a controlled budget and
completion on time.