Transcript Spacers/ Holding Chambers Requirements capture Systems

QFD Requirements prioritization
J.Jayaraman
Center for Aerospace Systems Design and Engineering)
Department of Aerospace Engineering
Indian Institute of technology, Bombay
DIAT POINTS COURSE 03-06-2008
Benefits of QFD
Before QFD
Jap Co
used
QFD
US Co
Did not
use
QFD
Design
changes
After QFD
-14-17-1-3 0 +3
months
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 +1 2 3 4 5
months
Comparison of design
changes with and without
QFD
JJ
Product
complaints
Toyota production start up
problems before and after
QFD
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008
Benefits of QFD
Pre QFD
startup
Pre production
39% of pre QFD cost
After QFD
startup
Pre production
Loss
Preparation
training etc.
JJ
Start up and Pre-production costs
at Toyota before and after QFD
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
•QFD is a concept developed by Yaji Akao
•Developed at Kobe shipyard of Mitsubishi
Shipyard early 1980s.
•Xerox and Ford have used it
•Typically applied to small systems. Being
tried for large systems (NASA Lunar
Rover)
•It was developed to build design quality
into a product
JJ
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
It facilitates translation of a prioritized set
of subjective customer requirements into a
set of system level requirements during
system conceptual stage
It addresses customer requirements, design
requirements, functions, parts, and failure
modes
JJ
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Definition
“ An organized, disciplined process for
determining the product or service
requirements necessary to achieve
customer-perceived expressed or
unexpressed quality”
(Otten and Groeneveld 2002)
JJ
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
•QFD permits analysis and determination of
priority issues
•QFD is a planning process
•Out puts are the key action issues for
improved customer satisfaction
JJ
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Customer weights
Relative importance
Customer
Requirements
whats
How much
JJ
Benchmarking
competition
Hows
vs. hows
Design
requirements
whys
Hows
Relationship
Whats vs.
Matrix
whys
Whats vs. hows
How much
vs. How much
DIAT POINTS COURSE
Prioritized requirements
Competitive benchmarks
Design targets
02-06-2008
QFD provides integration through
the life cycle phases of the system
Customer voice analysis
Customer Requirements
System Design Requirements
Sub-system Requirements
Part requirements
Process requirements
Customer
importance
Product design and development
Manufacturing process
design and development
JJ
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008
Requirements prioritization
Improvement ratio: It is the ratio of
desired performance to existing
performance
Sales point: It is the weight given to a
requirement if it will improve the
marketability of the product
JJ
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008
Requirements prioritization
Customer weights: The importance
customer gives to each of his
requirements. It defines his priorities.
Customer satisfaction: It is the rating of
the existing product technical
characteristics based on the customer
requirements
Planned satisfaction: It is the rating of
the new product technical characteristics
planned based on customer requirements
JJ
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008
Determining Target values
Design Requirements
Identify customer Requirements (CR) and weight
Identify design requirements (DR) corresponding to CR
Identify relationship between DR and CR
Bench mark competitive products on CR
Determine improvement ratio and revised weights of CR
Calculate weight of DRs
Choose best value of competing DR performance
JJ
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008
Video projector
Customer requirements and weights
CR Customer
No. requirements
Customer
weights
1
Excellent image
quality
3
2
Clear sound
1
3
Easy to use
9
4
portable
9
5
stylish
1
6
reliable
9
7
quiet
3
8
compatible
9
9
affordable
9
10
Bright image
9
Customer
weights
scale 1-9
Video projector
benchmarking competitors
IPR- Improvement ratio
Customer
requirements
Customer
weights
Excellent
image quality
3
Clear sound
Us
Product
A
Plan
IPR
Sales
point
Raw
score
Revised
customer
weights
5
7
7
1.4
1.2
5.0
6.0
1
4
5
5
1.2
1.0
1.2
1.4
Easy to use
9
7
6
7
1.0
1.3
11.7
14.0
portable
9
8
6
8
1.0
1.3
11.7
14.0
stylish
1
3
4
3
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.2
reliable
9
7
5
8
1.2
1.3
14.0
16.8
quiet
3
4
5
4
1.0
1.0
3.0
3.6
compatible
9
7
7
7
1.0
1.2
10.8
12.9
affordable
9
7
6
7
1.0
1.1
9.9
11.9
Bright image
9
5
7
7
1.4
1.2
15.1
18.3
Raw score= customer weight*IPR*sales point
Revised Customer wt. = Raw score/ Raw score
Video projector
design requirements with their units
Design requirements
Sl No.
Units
Image brightness
1
lumens
Contrast ratio
2
a:1
Image resolution
3
X*Y pixels
weight
4
kg
Set up time
5
seconds
Audio quality
6
N-M Hz.
Audio volume
7
Watts
Physical volume
8
mm*mm*mm
Surface temperature
9
Degree C
Operating noise
10
dB
MTBF
11
Hours`
Video projector
Relationship matrix CRs vs. DRs
CR
No.
Revised
Cust. wts.
1
2
3
1
6.0
9
9
9
2
1.4
1
3
14.0
3
9
4
14.0
9
1
5
1.2
1
6
16.8
7
3.6
8
12.9
9
11.9
10
18.3
Raw score
Rel.wt. % Priority
Design requirements
1
4
5
6
9
1
7
3
8
9
3
1
1
3
1
1
9
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
11
3
1
1
10
3
9
1
1
1
9
1
1
3
1
3
3
9
3
9
3
3
3
236 109 109 282
4
2
307
1
31
35
3
9
3
274
165
105 232
3
Operating noise
Physical volume
Audio quality
Contrast ratio
Image
brightness
Video projector
Target requirements
Our
product
500 350:1
600* 4.2.
450
30
50 to
6000
0.8
305*
230*
100
50
45
50K
Product A
700 400:1
800* 4.5
600
35
50 to
6000
1
350*
250*
100
60
40
40K
Target s
700 400:1
800* 4
600
30
50
To
6000
1
305*
230*
100
50
40
50K
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Solve water dispenser problem in place of
the video projector
JJ
DIAT POINTS COURSE
02-06-2008