Transcript Document

POLICY OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
INDONESIA – ACIAR CONSULTATION
Jakarta, 19 - 20 February 2007
Directorate General of Livestock Services
Ministry of Agriculture
DIRECTORATE GENERAL
OF LIVESTOCK SERVICES (DGLS)
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
DIRECTORATE
OF
ANIMAL
BREEDING
DIRECTORATE
OF RUMINANT
ANIMAL
PRODUCTION
DIRECTORATE OF
NON RUMINANT
ANIMAL
PRODUCTION
DIRECTORATE OF
ANIMAL HEALTH
FUN CTI O NA L G R O U P
DIRECTORATE OF
VETERINARY
PUBLIC HEALTH
TASK AND FUNCTION
DGLS main task is to formulate and implement policy and
Providing technical standardization on livestock sub sector.
In order to carry out the task, therefore DGLS functions are :
1. To prepare policy formulation for animal breeding, ruminant and
non ruminant production, animal health and veterinary public
health
2. Policy implementation on animal breeding, ruminant and non
ruminant production, animal health and veterinary public health
3. To formulate standards, norms, guidelines, criteria and procedures
on animal breeding, ruminant and non ruminant production,
animal health and veterinary public health
4. To provide technical assistance and evaluation on animal
breeding, ruminant and non ruminant production, animal health
and veterinary public health
PROJECTION OF LIVESTOCK POPULATION
No.
Livestock Species
2005
(million heads)
2009
(million heads)
1.
Beef Cattle
11.05
12.43
2.
Dairy Cattle
0.38
0.49
3.
Sheep and Goat
23.25
29.26
4.
Layer
104.57
133.62
5.
Broiler
980.84
1,424.22
Source : Data and Information Sub Division of DGLS
PROJECTION OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
2005
No.
Livestock
Products
2009
Production
(000 ton)
Consumption
(000 ton)
Production
(000 ton)
Consumption
(000 ton)
1.
Beef
275,76
379,23
290,03
465,27
2.
Mutton
85,11
85,11
119,73
119,73
3.
Chicken meat
1.078,92
1.078,92
1.566,65
1.566,65
4.
Egg
1.114,92
1.108,48
1.424,71
1.416,51
5.
Milk
646,54
2.253,40
801,02
3.280,43
Source : Data and Information Sub Division of DGLS
PROJECTION OF ANIMAL PROTEIN CONSUMPTION 2005-2009
(gram/cap/day)
YEAR
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Gram/cap/day
5,1
5,4
5,7
6,1
6,6
Source : Data and Information Sub Division of DGLS
ROLES OF LIVESTOCK SUB SECTOR
Agriculture Sector
Agribusiness
System
Trade of Food
And Non-Food
Commodity
LIVESTOCK
SUB SECTOR
Poverty
Allevation
Development of
Environment
Food Security
Development of
Human Resources
LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT REVISITED
MOTTO
VISION
“Clean and Care”
General principle: Good governance and
pro-poor oriented
“To be a strong and professional livestock services institution to
achieve livestock based on local resources, competitive, and
sustainable to meet demand and increase farmer welfare”
1.
2.
MISION
3.
To formulate and implement livestock policy
To organize and facilitate the development of breeding, farming,
animal health and veterinary public health
To increase professionalism and integrity on public administration
organization
1.
2.
Gross Domestic Products growth estimate of 4.45% (Rp. 3.230 billion) at
constant price 2000
Increased of farmers income by around 10%
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Decrease beef production deficit (from 28.3% to10% of total demand)
Decrease milk production deficit
Increase chicken production from 1.1 billion heads to 1.3 billion heads
Initiate small ruminant export to Middle Eastern countries
Develop Pig production export by to 5% per year
To include Quail in the livestock sub sector products list
MACRO
TECHNICAL
OBJECTIVES
JOB OPPORTUNITY
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
Increase man power participation in livestock sub sector
To support poverty alleviation
Promote of livestock business company
POLICY INSTRUMENT
1.
2.
3.
4.
1. Technical Policy
Instrument
2. Regulation
3. Program
1.
2.
3.
4.
Improving Livestock Breeding System
Eradication of the strategic contagious animal disease
Development of feed source development
Promote Food safety
Completing amandement of livestock legislation law No. 6/1967
Revision & Study of regulation (SK and SE)
Develop participatory planning and “bottom-up planning”
Law Enforcement
1. Agribusiness Development
2. Food Security Improvement
3. Community Empowerment
Strategic Work Plan for the Control of
HPAI in Animals in Indonesia
Avian Influenza Control Campaign 2006 -2008
THE CAMPAIGN APPROACH
The objectives of establishing a Campaign
operated through a Campaign Management Unit
are to:
• focus and drive resolution of the problem by following
a systematic programme
• provide adaptive management with external technical
assistance
• coordinate national and international resources
available
• provide standard operating procedures
• monitor progress
THE CAMPAIGN ELEMENTS
Element 1
CAMPAIGN MANAGEMENT
Element 2
ENHANCEMENT OF HPAI CONTROL IN ANIMALS
Element 3
SURVEILLANCE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
Element 4
LABORATORY SERVICES
Element 5
NATIONAL ANIMAL QUARANTINE SERVICES
Element 6
LEGISLATION AND ENFORCEMENT
Element 7
COMMUNICATIONS
Element 8
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Element 9
INDUSTRY RESTRUCTURING
Dairy Development Program
in Indonesia
Dairy Institution in Indonesia
Directorate General of Livestock Services
(DGLS)
Provincial Livestock Services
District Livestock Services
GKSI
Dairy Cooperatives
Dairy farmer/group
Milk Processing Industries
DAIRY CATTLE ISSUES:
 Dairy cattle population 381 thousand heads, breed of
Friesian Holstein (FH) with productive cows approx.
60%, around 40 % are in lactation period, mostly
distributed in Java
 Artificial insemination program, medics and
paramedics Vet & extension workers, recording
needed to be improved
 Genetic improvement for dairy cattle breeding
especially for breeding station such as Baturraden
strongly should be supported
Continue
DAIRY CATTLE MOSTLY LOW PRODUCTIVITY AND
REPRODUCTIVITY e.g national average milk production
9 up to 11 liters/head/day, calving interval longer than
14 months,
ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI) THROUGH PROGENY
TESTING AND EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAM TO
PRODUCE NUMBER OF HIGH QUALITY DAIRY CATTLE
BREEDING RUN ATTENTIVELY AND NEED TO BE IMPROVED
TECHNOLOGY OF BOVINE SEXING SPERM ? NEED TO BE
?, IT IS SOLUTION OR OBSTACLE?
IMPROVED
CONTINUE
 In Java holding ground for forages dropped, in contrast
to out of Java grassland available, but Need investor?
 Farm size mostly (smallholder) very little (3 and 4
heads/household), capital difficulty, feeds limited,
farmers income are low
 Dairy breeding production much less than demand,
costs for imported breeding dairy expensive, as a result
: calves replacement do not run smoothly.
 National milk production capacity can only fullfill 30%
of national milk consumption
Continue…
 Reproductive disorder such Brucellosis, IBR,
BVD keep appear, lead to low calving rate. Sub
clinical mastitis cause milk production dropped
(quantity and quality).
 Financed capital either Government or financed
institutions do not easily run due to
administrative obstacles.
 Dairy milk price discouraged (approx. Rp
2,000/litre), while world market more than Rp
3,000.
Efforts to increase production and
productivity of dairy cattle
1.
2.
3.
4.
To increase of farm size 7-10 heads of cows lactation per
farmer
Government provide dairy breeding to selected farmer
groups (West Java, East Java and South Sulawesi)
To promote and expansion dairy farms out of Java;
Genetic improvement through strengthening artificial
insemination services (high quality semen, good handling
and asparatus support, inseminator training course).
Push dairy breeding up through progeny test to produce
Indonesia proven dairy bull, to decrease some amount of
imported breeding bulls
Dairy Development Strategy
1. Development of agribusiness farming area with FH Dairy Population
2. Development of dairy farmers institution
3. Optimizing the use of natural and land resource to increase the supply
of forage and concentrate raw material, in quantity as well as in quality
4.
Dissemination of practical technology and increasing, application of
‘GoodFarming Practices’ for competitiveness in producing high quality
milk according to National Standard (SNI)
5. Scheme of Agribusiness Partnership should be developed for the benefit
of farmers/farmer group, cooperatives, Milk Processing Industries and
other investor as nucleus
6.
Scheme of Integrated Crop-Livestock System to improve farmers
business to meet economic scale through products differentiation
Beef Cattle Development Program
in Indonesia
Increase efficiency and
effectiveness of beef cattle
farming
1.
Increase beef cattle production (red meat) from 72% to 90-95% and
decrease import from 28-29% to 5-10%
2.
Increase farmer’s income up to Regional Minimum Revenue
3.
Increase Conception Rate (CR) from 50-55% to 65-70%
4.
Decrease mortality rate from 3-5% to below 3%
5.
Decrease productive cow slaughtering
1. Meat demand increase as population
growth higher than beef cattle production
2. Slaughtering of productive cow is high.
Statistic number shows that slaughtering
of productive cow 200.000 heads per year.
3. Reproductive disease infection
4. Limited of national budget for supporting
beef cattle farming to economic scale
and increasing farmer’s welfare
5. Human resources
a. Low of farmer’s knowledge on Feed &
reproductive technology
local resources not yet utilized
optimally
long period of calving interval
b. Low of accessibility farmer on credit
from financial institution such as Bank
 Cross Breeding issues:
e.g. between Bos Taurus and Bos Indicus
To produce terminal cross F1? F2? F3? Or
To create a new breed?
How to control those activity in the field?
The mating system need to be controlled
How Bali cattle and others local cattle
(Indonesia native cattle) could be improved
in term of quality of genetics?
1. Establish breeding center based on pasture,
estate crops, and local resources of feed
2. Revitalize capacity building and human resources
of extension worker
3. Improve and provide infrastructure
4. Financial support
5. Improve technology application in
reproduction, production, feed and animal
health
1. Cow Procurements
2. Management improvement
INFLUENCE
FACTORS
3. Strengthening capacity building
4. Supporting budget
5. Infrastructures
6. Commitment of stakeholders
1. Increasing population :
through Intensifying of
Artificial Insemination,
utilizing ex import cow and handling of reproductive
disease
2. Prevention of slaughtering productive cow :
through monitoring slaughtering cow in Slaughtering
House and application of revolving system
3. Increasing meat production :
through fattening, crossbreeding and improvement
of farming system
4. Feeding development :
through providing of technology applications, utilizing
of agriculture and agro-industry waste, and optimizing
utilization of local forage
5. Developing ruminant farming area:
Ranch, KUNAK, Development of Integrated Area (PITU)
6. Improving animal health services:
Decrease mortality number and increase birth number
7. Providing animal product with Secure, Healthy,
Wholesome and meet Halal requirement (ASUH)
8. Strengthening of capacity building :
Coorporate Farming, colony confinement,
human resources and technology
9. Developing equipment and machine :
Development of equipment and machine for ruminant
farming and manure processing
10. Stimulating private partnership (core-plasma system)
11. Increasing farming scale:
Facilitate budgeting, private cooperation and others
farming model
12. Establishing application of ruminant farming
information system
NO.
FARMING
MODEL
POTENCY
YEAR & FARMER GROUPS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
1.
PASTURE
2
7
14
22
30
38
2.
INTEGRATION OF
BEEF CATTLECERNEL PALM
OIL
4
112
227
345
467
593
3.
INTEGRATION OF
BEEF CATTLEPADDY
6
210
426
648
876
1.112
4.
INTEGRATION OF
BEEF CATTLECORN
3
140
284
432
584
742
1. PRODUCTION CENTER
East Java, Central Java, South Sulawesi, West Sumatera, Bali,
West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara, NAD, South Sumatera, Lampung
and South East Sulawesi
2. DEVELOPING CENTER
North Sumatera, Bengkulu, Jambi, Riau, South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan,
West Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi, Gorontalo and Central Kalimantan
3. SUPPORTING AREA FOR BEEF CATTLE PRODUCTION
Other provinces
BUFFALO BREEDING
 BUFFALO DOMINATED
BY SWAMP BUFFALO
 SMALL NUMBER OF MURRAH BUFFALO FOUND IN NORTH
SUMATERA
 BREEDING BUFFALO ALMOST THROUGH NATURAL MATING,
TRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT, LOW INPUT
 GOVERNMENT BUFFALO BREEDING CENTRE LOCATED
SIBORONG-BORONG NORTH SUMATERA
 ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION FOR BUFFALO IN TRIAL TEST
ALREADY DONE IN WEST SUMATERA
GOAT AND SHEEP BREEDING
GOAT AND SHEEP ARE WIDESPREAD COMMODITY, AND
THEIR CONTRIBUTION IN PROVIDING MEAT AND
QURBAN (ANIMAL FOR SACRIFIED) CAN NOT BE
IGNORED
BODY SIZE MATURE GOAT AND SHEEP STILL SMALL
AND CAN NOT FULL FILL MINIMUM STANDARD REQUIRED
TO PENETRATE THE MIDDLE EAST MARKET
NOW BESIDES LOCAL MARKET, ONLY MALAYSIA’S
MARKET FOR GOAT CONTINUED
CROSSING BETWEEN LOCAL GOAT (PERANAKAN ETAWAH) AND
BOER GOAT (CALLED “BOERAWA”) STRONGLY REQUESTED
ESPECIALLY IN CENTRAL JAVA, EAST JAVA, LAMPUNG AND
SOUTH SULAWESI
Continue
HOW TO DEVELOP A COMPOSITE
BREEDING SHEEP THROUGH
INTEGRATED SYSTEM e.g PALM OIL
ESTATE ?
HOW TO BREED SHEEP HAIRNESS (WITHOUT
WOLL) THROUGH BREEDING PROGRAM UNDER
TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT?
HOW TO INCREASE GARUT SHEEP GENETIC IN
TERM OF BODY SIZE ?
NATIONAL LIVESTOCK BREEDING POLICY
 MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE REGULATION 36 /2006 : NATIONAL
LIVESTOCK BREEDING SYSTEM;
 INDONESIAN STANDARDIZATION FOR DAIRY CATTLE : FRISIAN HOLSTEIN
(FH/BLACK AND WHITE) - SNI 01-2735-1992 (UNDER REVISED);
 TECHNICAL GUIDELINES : PROGENY TESTING FOR DAIRY CATTLE;
 GOOD BREEDING FOR DAIRY CATTLE; RECORDING FOR DAIRY CATTLE (UNDER
REVISED);
 BREEDING STRUCTURE :
- FOUNDATION STOCK (> 6,000 KGS MILK PROD/LACTATION PERIODE)
- BREEDING STOCK ( 5,000 – 6,000 KGS)
- COMMERCIAL STOCK (4,000 - 5,000 KGS).
 DAIRY CATTLE FARMER MOSTLY USE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION SERVICES, SEMEN
PRODUCED BY SINGOSARI AI CENTER AND LEMBANG AI CENTER

MANY OTHERS RELATED
QUANTITATIVE INDONESIA STANDARDIZATION REQUIREMENT
FOR GARUT SHEEP BREEDING (UNDER REVISED)
PARAMETER
NO
1
BIRTH WEIGHT, KG
2
MALE
FEMALE
2.75
2.35
WEANING WEIGHT, KG
11.50
9.10
3
MATUREBODY WEIGHT , KG
57.74
36.89
4
BODY LENGTH, CM
63.41
56.37
5
CHEST GIRTH , CM
88.73
77.41
6
HEIGHT, CM
74.34
65.61
7
CHEST WIDE, CM
22.08
16.04
8
CHEST DEPTH, CM
35.00
34.15
9
AVER.DAILY GAIN, GR
70 – 120
60 - 120
10
WEANING AGE, DAYS
102
102
Quantitatively Indonesia standardization requirement
for FH cow breeding
(under revised)
No
Parameter
Unit
Qualification
Months
15 – 20
1
Age
2
Height, at
least
Cm
115
3
Body weight
Kg
300
4
Chest girth,
at least
Cm
155
5
Feather
colour
-
Black white/ red white
reffer to dairy cattle
6
Mamae
-
- cimetryc
- no hanging
- amount 4 teats
- normal teats form bentuk
7
Horn
-
Dehorning
8
Others
-
- No freemartin
- Based on milk and
quality
production dam.
Quantitatively indonesia FH cow milk
production specification
(under revised)
No
Catagories
Milk prod.
Dam (305
days) per
lactation 1
Sire’s
dam 305
days
Mature
Fat
contents
1
Foundation
stock
>6.000 kg
>7.000
kg
> 3,5 %
2
Breediing
stock
>5.000 kg6.000 kg
>6.000
kg
> 3,5 %
3
Commercial
stock
>4.000 kg5.000 kg
>5.000
kg
> 3,5 %
Quantitative standardization FH candidate and
proven bull (under revised)
No
Paramete
r
Units
Candidate bull
Proven bull
months
18
60
1
Age at
least
2
Height at
least
Cm
134
150
3
Body
weight at
least
Kg
480
700
4
Scrotum
girth
cm
32
42
5
Colour
-
Black white/red
white putih in
line charateristic
of dairy cattle
Black white/red white putih in
line charateristic of dairy cattle
6
Others
-
- owned
identification
cart
- owned
pedigree
- Breeding value for milk
production and fat