Transcript Mechanical Systems

Formulas
Symbols
and Units
Levers
Wheel
and Axle
Under
Pressure
Hodge
Podge
100 100 100 100 100 100
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400 400 400 400 400 400
500 500 500 500 500 500
This formula calculates the
amount of work done by a
simple machine
Multiply force by the distance moved
W=F x D
What is the formula for
“Pressure”?
P= F (force)
A ( Area)
What is the formula for
Mechanical Advantage if you
are give force (N) or mass?
M.A = Load Force
Effort force
What is the formula for
Mechanical Advantage if you
are given the measurement
(m)?
M.A = Effort Arm
Load Arm
How do you determine the
Mechanical Advantage of a
Pulley system?
The Mechanical Advantage of a pulley
system is EQUAL to the number of
supporting ropes off of the
moveable pulley.
What is the correct unit for
Pressure?
N/m
2
Newtons per meter squared
What is the symbol and unit
for the Pascal?
Pa and N/m
2
Work is calculated in
this.
J -- Joules
Force is measured
in….
What are Newtons (N)
These units are
used in
Mechanical
Advantage
There are no units used in Mehcanical
Advantage – it is a RATIO.
THis class or classes of levers
exert a LOAD force greater
that the EFFORT force?
What are Class 1 levers?
What are Class 2 levers?
These types of levers can give a
M.A. that is greater than 1 if the
Load Arm (LA) is shorter than
the Effort Arm (EA).
What are Class 1 and 2 levers?
If the Load Arm (LA) and
Effort Arm (EA) are EQUAL
in Class 1 and 2 levers they
have this type of M.A.
What is M.A of 1?
This type of lever is built for
speed and has a Mechanical
Advantage of LESS than 1.
What is a Third Class Lever?
This type of lever requires a
large force over a small
distance.
What is a third class lever?
This is the formula to
determine the speed ratio in
gears.
What is:
Speed Ratio= Number of driver gear teeth
Number of follower gear teeth
In a winch the radius of the
wheel is also considered the
What is Load Arm?
You get this type of advantage
in a wheel and axle when the
Effort Arm is longer than the
load arm
What is force advantage?
What is the speed ratio if your
Driving Gear has 60 teeth and
your Following gear has 6
teeth?
What is 10?
This is a very complex pulley
system in a combination of
fixed and moveable pulleys
What is a Block and Tackle?
This Law states: Pressure
exerted on a contained fluid is
transmitted undiminished in
all directions in the fluid and
perpendicular to the walls of
the container
What is Pascal’s Law?
What are some examples of
equipment to spread force
over a large area?
What are seat belts, air bags, helmets,
shoulder pads etc.
This formula helps determine
the Mechanical Advantage in
a hydraulic jack.
What is M.A. = Output Force
Input Force
Why is there such a large
M.A?
Every square unit receives the same
amount of force. The output piston
has many more square units of area;
therefore, it receives MORE force!
What is the M.A. of a
hydraulic lift if the Load was
2000N and the Effort force
was 100?
M.A = 2000
100
= 20
This is the “Work Output by a
machine divided by the Work Input x
100%
What is efficiency?
When doing work, this type of
slanted surface reduces the force you
need to exert on something.
What is a Inclined Plane?
When bouncing a ball – it is
at this point that you will find
it’s maximum potential
energy.
What is the top or highest height the
ball reaches?
Name three examples where
friction is useful
Answer will vary, rosin baseball,
brakes on a bike, etc.
Every time you squeeze your toothpaste
you are applying this law.
What is Pascal’s Law?