Transcript Policy Frameworks - Public Health Agency of Canada

Annual Meeting of the
CARMEN Observatory on
Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Policy: “Mobilizing for Action”
May 12-13, 2008
Hilton Montreal Bonaventure Hotel
Report on the Workshop on Policy Analysis and Decision-Making
with Emphasis on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases,
Bridgetown, Barbados, October 15-17, 2007.
Cristina Puentes-Markides
Public Policy, Regulation and Health Financing
Area of Strengthening Health Systems and Services
PAHO/WHO
Why Capacity Building in these Areas?
 Policy increasingly complex and important
 Policy perspective as problem-oriented research, client-oriented advice





informed by social values, “speaking truth to power”
Limitation of rational perspectives on policy
Advisory capacity to influence/persuade stakeholders and relevant
clients is uneven.
MOH and PAHO staff may lack formal training in the social sciences,
including public policy and policy analysis.
Understanding the role of policy and politics in health system
development may be weak.
Need to improve skills to use policy tools for argumentation, decision—
making, planning and assessment of progress and performance
CPM/SHD/HP/2007
2
Generic Structure of the Workshop
Products
Themes
Introduction to methods and tools
Policymaking, Politics and Policy
Argumentation
Policy analysis
Agenda-setting
Strategic planning, foresight, strategic
thinking, strategy making
Policy development
Issue Paper
Policy Brief
Policy Memo
Policy analysis
Political analysis
Anticipatory methods (e.g. scenarios)
Monitoring, evaluation and performance
measurement
Ethical analysis
Ethics in decision-making
Evaluation (types, designs, logic models).
Economic evaluation (impact, cost-effectiveness
and cost benefit analyses)
Use of “evidence” in decision-making
Competencies
Qualitative methods
Critical, systemic and anticipatory thinking
Argumentation and communication
Interpersonal relations
Integration of interdisciplinary knowledge
Collaborative leadership
Search and management of information for decision-making
CPM/SHD/HP/2007
3
Workshop on Policy Analysis and Decision-Making
with Emphasis on Chronic Non-communicable Diseases
Bridgetown, Barbados
October 15-17, 2007
Participating Countries









Eastern Caribbean and Barbados
United Kingdom Territories
 Anguilla, British Virgin Islands , Montserrat
Antigua and Barbuda
Barbados
Dominica
Grenada
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Saint Kitts Nevis
Saint Lucia
CPM/SHD/HP/2007
4
Workshop
Policy Analysis and Decision-Making with Emphasis on Chronic Non-communicable Diseases
Goal
 To enhance skills and competencies of the participants in the fields of
knowledge and practice as analysts and advisors
Learning Objectives
 Familiarity with general concepts of design, implementation and evaluation of public
policy, including the roles played by politics, evidence and rationality in the decisionmaking process.
 Enhance abilities to critically conceptualize policy problems, generate policy
alternatives and provide effective advise to decision-makers.
 Be acquainted with economic evaluation (cost-effectiveness analysis, cost benefit
analysis and impact evaluation) as a critical tool for policy analysis.
 Recognize the relevance of strategic thinking, foresight and better peripheral vision to
optimize analysis, design and implementation.
 Understand the applicability of policy tools for the prevention and control of chronic
non-communicable diseases.
CPM/SHD/HP/2007
5
(Workshop, continued)
DAY 1
Opening Remarks


Introduction of Participants and Expectations
Objectives of the Workshop
The Health Agenda
Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in the English-Speaking Caribbean: An Update
Public Policy Perspectives


The policy capacity of governments.
Explanatory models: technical and political rationalities..
The Analysis of Public Problems


Overview of policy analysis: features, phases, contents.
Health policy example.
Products of the Analysis



The “ issue paper”, the policy memorandum, the policy brief
Evidentiary bases of public policy: opportunities and risks.
The craft of policy advice
CPM/SHD/HP/2007
6
Workshop (Continued)
DAY 2
DAY 3
Agenda-setting
Policy Adoption and Implementation
 The “political” in public policy: actors and
windows of opportunity.
 The social construction of target populations:
political and policy implications.
• Case Study and Discussion: The Framework
Convention for Tobacco Control
Policy Monitoring and Evaluation
Policy Options
 Generating policy options
 Evaluation criteria: types, methods, matrices.
Assessing Policy
 Economic evaluation: An Introduction
 Economic impact of obesity.
 Cost Effectiveness, Cost Benefit and Impact
Evaluation
Special Evening Session: Moving Forward the NCD
Policy Agenda: A Dialogue
 Approaches, models and strategies to translate
decisions into policies.
 Pitfalls of policy design in implementation.
• Instruments of public accountability (also
performance measurement)
• Role of advocacy and organized groups.
Strategic Thinking and Anticipatory Approaches
• Understanding and creating the future.
• Foresight , strategic thinking and the
advantages of peripheral vision
• Relevance of futures approaches to health
policy analysis.
Plenary Discussion: How Countries can Lead to
Better Health Policy Outcomes for All.
Evaluation of the Workshop and Closing
CPM/SHD/HP/2007
7
According to EEC Staff
Timely
Captured interest
Demystified policy process
Addressed the relevance/impact of policy to the health agendas
Prepared participants to move from policy to action
Examined the role of health care practitioners in the policy process
Policy application to expanded agenda of CNCD ( advocacy, planning , financing
and evaluation )
 Identified skills and competencies required to design, implement and evaluate the
performance of policies
 Open policy debate
 Helpful to build and sustain capacity to use policy development and policy analysis
to strengthen health system







CPM/SHD/HP/2007
8
Methodology
 Team approach
 Policy/decision-makers
 Planners
 Managers
 Practitioners
 Multidisciplinary (skill mix)
 Presentations included theory and practice
 Analysis of the policy environment in country reference to CNCD
 Group discussions: blend of country experiences with theory, practice
and methods
 Resources:
 Documentation folder, CD-Rom
 Websites and databases
 Software packages
CPM/SHD/HP/2007
9
Highlights
↑ Recognize role of professional experience in the policy process and
benefit from it to discuss workshop topics.
↑ Discuss the importance of policy and politics
↑ Review tools of policy analysis
↑ Debate the policy environment, share experiences and solutions
↑ Expanded emphasis on monitoring and evaluation, including
economic evaluation methods and model building.
↓ Direct interactive approach
↓ Limited time frame
↓ Inability to actually manipulate the tools in simulation exercises
CPM/SHD/HP/2007
10
Future Steps
→ Sustain Response
→ View policy analysis as interactive and participatory
→Involve planers, managers, practitioners, researchers
→ Integrating/institutionalising policy into health system
strengthening
→ Capacity building at the country level using champions
→ Support systems and structures
CPM/SHD/HP/2007
11
Thank you