Transcript Global Peacemaker

Global Peacemaker
Chapter 10
Section 5
Wilson’s Vision for Peace
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Woodward Wilson’s 14 points
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#1: End secrete alliances
#2-5: Freedom of the seas, trade, limits on
armaments, peaceful adjustment to colonial tax
#6-13: Territorial settlements in Europe
#14: League of Nations
At first the Allies supported, but then the points
started to unravel
Paris Peace Conference
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January 1919
Wilson did not want spoils of war, only
wanted stability
Other Allies WANTED spoils
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Divide Germany’s colonies
France wanted total destruction
Wilson forced to compromise on his 14
Points
League of Nations
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Ensure security and peace for all members
Moral only—No military power
Article 10
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Attack on one, attack on all
Advocate for international stability and
security
Rejected by Congress
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Did not want to be pulled into a global war
again
Peace Treaty
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Versailles, France (east of Paris)
Attended and dominated by the BIG FOUR
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Britain, France, Italy, and the US
Outcome
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German responsibility for war
Created new European boundaries
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see map on page 329
German reparations to the Allies—33 billion
Humiliated Germany—later the terms of the Versailles
Treaty is one of the main causes of WWII
Signed June 28, 1919
US Approval
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Many did not support Treaty due to US
involvement in the League of Nations
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Irreconcilables or reservationists
Joining would weaken US independence
Wilson traveled to win support: suffered a
stroke
Congress did not ratify the VersaillesTreaty
several times
Eventually the US ratified separate peace
treaties with Germany, Austria, and Hungary in
October 1921
Postwar Adjustments
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April 1919: Americans sent home
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Women lost their jobs due to returning soldiers
End of optimism?
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No plan to re-emerge back into society
No jobs, hard time adjusting to civilian life
Death and destruction of war was real. Disillusioned.
What has war accomplished for Americans?
African American continued to experience
discrimination
Michigan Department of Education
High School Content Expectations
U.S. History and Geography
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6.2.4