Transcript Prepositions, Conjunctions, and Interjections

Prepositions,
Conjunctions, and
Interjections
Prepositions
Prepositions begin prepositional phrases. A
phrase ends with a noun called the object of
the preposition. The phrase shows a
relationship between a noun or pronoun and
some other word in the sentence.
A prepositional phrase is not needed in a
sentence. You can remove it, and the
sentence will still be complete.
Common Prepositions
about
above
across
after
against
along
among
around
As
at
before
behind
below
beneath
beside
between
beyond
by
despite
down
during
except
for
from
in
inside
into
like
near
of
off
on
out
over
past
through
to
toward
under
until
Up
with
within
without
Be Careful
Never end a sentence with a preposition.
This is called a dangling preposition. In order
to be used properly, a preposition must have
an object, therefore a preposition cannot be
the last word of a sentence.
***** There is one exception. Some
prepositions are also adverbs. If the word is
being used as an adverb to tell - How?
When? Where? To what extent? - it can end
the sentence.
For example: The sun shone above.
“Above” tells “where the sun was,” therefore,
it is an adverb and does not need an object.
Example Prepositional
Phrases
The girl with the long brown hair sits near the
windows.
Prep. Phrase 1- with the long brown hair
Prep. = with
O.P. = hair
Prep. Phrase 2 – near the windows
Prep. = near
O.P. = windows
Example Prepositional
Phrase
In the darkness of the night, a cold, creepy
hand grazed my face.
Prep. Phrase 1 – In the darkness
Prep. = In
O.P. = darkness
Prep. Phrase 2 – of the night
Prep. = of
O.P. = night
Adjective Prepositional
Phrase
Adjective prepositional phrases are
prepositional phrases that function like
adjectives. They describe nouns and
pronouns.
They answer the questions: Which
One? What Kind? How Many? How
Much?
Example Adjective
Prepositional Phrase
I drank tea with sugar and honey for
breakfast.
Adj. Prep. Phrase - with sugar and honey
Prep. = with
O.P. = sugar and honey (compound O.P.)
This phrase describes “what kind of tea,”
therefore, it is an adjective prepositional
phrase.
Adverb Prepositional
Phrase
Adverb prepositional phrases are
prepositional phrases that function like
adverbs. They describe verbs,
adjectives, and other adverbs.
They answer the questions: How?
When? Where? Why? How Often?
How Long?
Example Adverb
Prepositional Phrase
The student closed the book with a
clatter.
Adverb Prep. Phrase – with a clatter
Prep. = with
O.P. = clatter
This phrase describes “how the book
was closed,” therefore, it is an adverb
prepositional phrase.
Coordinating
Conjunctions
A conjunction is a word that joins words or
groups of words.
And
But
Or
Yet
So
For
Nor
Correlative Conjunctions
You must use correlative conjunction in their pair
groups. If you use “not only” you have to use “but
also” later in the sentence, etc.
Not only
Both
Neither
Either
Whether
But Also
And
Nor
Or
Or
Rules for Conjunctions
and Commas
If the list has only two items, do not use a
comma.
For example: Rick and Steve made a
snowman.
If the list has more than two items, use
commas between each item, but not after the
last item.
For example: Rick, Steve, and George made
a snowman.
If you are joining two sentence, you must use
a comma before the conjunction.
For example: Rick and Steve made a
snowman, and George was jealous.
Example Conjunction
Joining Words
Sheila, Suzy, and Shannon ran,
jumped, and fell over the fence.
“And” joins Sheila to Suzy and Shannon
(nouns).
“And” joins ran to jumped and fell
(verbs).
Example Conjunction
Joining Groups of Words
After recess but before the end of the day we
need to put together the Wednesday folders.
“But” joins the prepositional phrases “after
recess” and “before the end”.
They brushed their teeth, and then they went
to bed.
“And” connects the two complete sentences:
They brushed their teeth. Then they went to
bed.
Interjections
Interjections are words that are used to
show emotion.
An interjection has an exclamation point
or comma after it. The interjection can
stand alone; it does not need to be in a
complete sentence. Although a
complete sentence usually follows it.
Example Interjections
Wow! That is a big dog!
Aha! I caught you!
Oops! I didn’t mean to do that.
Ouch! That hurt!
Well, that’s a wrap!
Oh, one more example won’t hurt.