Land Based Sources of Marine Pollution in Barbados
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Transcript Land Based Sources of Marine Pollution in Barbados
The Caribbean Marine
Atlas (CMA) Project
Ramon Roach
Water Quality Analyst
Marine Research Department
Outline
Caribbean Marine
Atlas
Background
Components
AMA example
CMA Development
Stakeholder meeting
Requirements
CMA National
Coordination
Establishment of group
Identification of training needs
CMA Background
CMA Project part of a global network of initiatives
IOC
Established in 1960
Address scientific uncertainties for environmental management
Improving operational capability for management and sustainable
development
Building capacity in marine science
IODE
Established in 1961
Enhance marine research
Facilitate exchange of data and information
Provide access to data and data products
NODCs and marine libraries
ODINCARSA
Established in 2000
Facilitate capacity building, equipment and operational support at
the regional level
Products and services
CMA Components
Data and Information Distribution System
Interactive, online mapping tool
Collection of GIS data layers (vector and raster)
User defined data frame within AOI
Geographic features (scales, grids, coordinates)
Advanced data control
Layer list (one layer, multiple)
Feature selection
Results tables
Metadata viewing
Links to websites, documents, auxiliary data
Data download
Shapefiles
Attached metadata
Documents, images
CMA Components Cont’d
Thematic Data Structure
Geosphere
Natural hazards
Soil types
Land use
Hydrosphere
Bathymetry
Physical oceanography
Chemical oceanography
Biosphere
Habitats
Marine flora and fauna
Protected areas
Atmosphere
Climate
Weather
Human Environment
Settlements
Infrastructure
Tourism
African Marine Atlas
Example
AMA Project
ODINAFRICA Initiative
1 Year startup
Hosted by IODE
African Marine Atlas
Click to go to website and then click ‘Go to Atlas’
on the left hand menu
Importance of CMA
Local and Regional Data Management for Policy Making
Integrated Coastal Area Management (ICAM)
Data required for planning, implementation, monitoring,
evaluation
Regional scale information availability
Communication with policy makers
Inter and intradepartmental data sharing
Local CMA equivalent
Provide easy access to restricted data
Data quality and metadata standards
Improved data sharing
Data and information warehousing
Communication with public
CMA and local equivalent
Central access point for marine data
Enhance data and data product delivery
Reduce product delivery overhead
Role of IODE
Facilitation and Institutional Strengthening
Capacity building for ocean/coastal data management
Training Workshops
Online training services
Links to resources (software tools, data sources)
Standards development for data descriptions and data quality
control
Training workshops
Metadata standards information
Metadata creation tools
National data infrastructure development
Distributed database technology training
NODC establishment
Equipment funding
Products/services development
Marine atlases
Standard Databases
Online data retrieval services
CMA Project
Development
1st Stakeholder Meeting for the Development of the CMA
Project (October 8-10, 2007)
Regional information gathering workshop
Participants from 9 Caribbean countries
Core initiative with scope for expansion
Workshop Goals
To inform the participating countries of the potential benefits of a
Caribbean Marine Atlas
To identify current national coastal zone management
arrangements
To identify national and regional coastal and marine issues that
could be the focus of the Caribbean Marine Atlas
To identify the national resource requirements of the participating
countries to enable full participation in a Caribbean Marine Atlas
Pilot Project
To prepare a draft work plan of a Caribbean Marine Atlas Pilot
Project, for submission to, and approval by the respective national
governments
Stakeholder Meeting
Regional Stakeholder Exercises
Priority Issues
Cuba
Grenada
Jamaica
St. Lucia
Trinidad
&Tobago
Turks & Caicos
weight
High Priority
Barbados
Primary environmental concerns
Identification of indicators
Identification of Priority
responsible
agencies
concerns
Specific
issues
Countries
Data accessibility
Habitat degradation/loss
Coral reefs
Mangroves
Seagrass
Beaches
Forests
R
R
1N
1R
2N
R
N
2N
1R
2L
N
N
1L
1N
1N
N
N
1N
1N
1N
N
N
1N
1N
2N
R
N
1L
2N
2N
R
N
3L
2R
2R
21
16
18
19
16
Unsustainable exploitation
of natural resources
Overfishing
Sandmining
Destructive fishing
Sediments
(turbidity)
Sewage pollution
(coliform)
Agrochemicals
Oil
Heavy metals
Nitrates/nitrites
Solid waste
BOD/COD
Runoff (storm, grey
water)
1R
2N
2N
1N
1N
3L
1L
1N,R
1N
2L
1N
1R
2L
1R
1N
2N
2N,L
1N
2L
1R
2N
1N
2N
20
14
7
17
1R
3L
1L
1N
1N
1N
1R
19
1R
2N
2L
1R
1R
1L
3L
3L
3L
2L
3L
3L
2N
3L
3L
1L
2L
1L
1N
1N
2N
3L
1N
1N
1N
1N
1N
3R
3R
1N
1N
1N
1N
3L
2L
2N
1L
1N
2N
1N
2R
2N
2R
2N
1R
2R
2N
15
11
10
19
18
17
14
Hurricanes
Tsunamis
Sea level rise
Volcano
Flooding
Earthquakes
1R
2R
1R
1R
3N
1L
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
1N
3R
1N
2R
3R
2R
1R
1R
1R
2N
1N
1L
1L
1L
2L
3N
2N
20
14
20
3
15
5
Pollution
Medium Priority
Low Priority
Natural hazards
Workshop Conclusions
Regional Priority Issues
Coral Reefs, Seagrass, Mangroves
Overexploitation
Natural Hazards
Beaches
LBS Pollution
Regional Data Access Issues
Most or all essential indicator data collected
(Barbados and Cuba leading)
Data access from data holders tends to be
problematic
Regional Data Management Issues
Little or no data quality control (geographic, range
analysis)
No established metadata schemes
Lack of institutional resources
Personnel and training
Equipment
CMA Requirements
For the Atlas
Identify geographic Area of Interest (AOI) for the Atlas
Agree the topic outline
Gather available data according to the scope of topics, geographic limits
and temporal considerations
Describe metadata and source location URLs
Review gridded datasets for data value ranges
Convert all data to appropriate GIS formats
Shapefiles for vector data
ASCII ArcGrids for gridded data and satellite imagery
Geo-referenced images to accompany most arrays
Clip all GIS files to the AOI
Convert data to required products (e.g. seasonal climatological
grids/contours)
Convert these products to the correct GIS formats
Create a browser interface to the GIS files, with links to the metadata files
and source location URLs
Publish the atlas on the Internet with a interface using static HTML pages
Publish the atlas as an interactive Map Service
Publish the browser-based atlas on DVD for dissemination
Produce a hardcopy publication
CMA Requirements
For the National Atlas Coordinating Group
Identify national teamleader
Identify required training to participate in Atlas project
Detail equipment requirements (and send to IODE secretariat)
Identify if data are available in electronic or paper form
Identify restrictions on use of data
Locate all historical records available nationally
Perform data quality control on data
Conversion of data sets into shapefiles
Import layers into national mapserver system*
CMA Training Courses
Basic Courses
DM 101 Introduction to Ocean Data
Oceanographic measurements (parameters, units, conventions);
programmatic and technical aspects of data collection; data
formats used for ocean data and their special characteristics
DM 102 Ocean Data Collection
Development Building a national ocean data collection from the
World Ocean Database 2005 and other local and published data
sources; basic data analysis with popular software programs
DM 103 Ocean Data Products & Synthesis
Developing a suite of standard and specialized ocean data analysis
products from the national data collection, and the synthesis of
these products with other available analyses in Geographic
Information Systems
Advanced Data Management
DM 203P Geographic Information Systems for Coast & Ocean
Management
An intensive, hands-on tutorial in the use of proprietary (ESRI)
Geographic Information System software to assemble and analyse
coastal and marine data for environmental management purposes
CMA Training Courses
Advanced Data Management Cont’d
DM 203N Geographic Information Systems for Coast & Ocean
Management
This course is the equivalent of DM 203P, with the major
difference that the software used throughout is in the public
domain
Marine Atlas Courses
DM 207 MapServer Application for a Marine Atlas
This course introduces the Data Manager to an open source
software application to build spatially-enabled internet applications
to publish maps and to build an interactive map application
demonstrator for a marine atlas. The African Marine Atlas is used
here as the training model
DM 210 Marine & Coastal Atlases
Practical workshop intended to address the creation of a Marine &
Coastal Atlas for a specific geographic area, including the
construction of the static HTML interface to the GIS data products.
The workshop builds upon the theoretical concepts presented in
prior courses, but it includes the real-world considerations of
exactly where the Atlas will cover, what themes will be included,
and the construction of the actual products for this area
Thank You