Transcript Nutrition as a national development agenda

Meeting with State
Secretaries
Review of
Integrated Child Development Services
(ICDS) Scheme
28th October 2010
Ministry of Women and Child Development
Government of India
1
PART - I
ICDS : Universalization
2
ICDS: Universalization
• Operationalization :
– Delay in operationalization ( against 14.0 lakh, operational 12.14
lakh
• Target date for operationalisation was September 2010.
• Firm date of operationalisation may be given & ensured !
– ‘Operationalisation’ per se
• States/UTs to ensure
 Adherence to the revised population norm in total- ground
verification
 Certification that all habitations are covered
 Upload a list of AWC locations on web sites of States/ UTs
 Full coverage of urban slums/ areas with local innovations
 Address issues of social exclusion
 Optimise coverage of all eligible beneficiaries
3
ICDS: Operationalisation of Projects
Sl. Month of
No.
report
(1)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
(2)
08/10
07/10
07/10
08/10
08/10
08/10
08/10
12/09
07/10
07/10
08/10
09/10
03/10
07/10
06 /10
08/10
03/10
State/UT
(3)
West Bengal
Kerala
Chhattisgarh
Delhi
Rajasthan
Orissa
Haryana
Lakshadweep
Uttrakhand
Punjab
Arunachal Pradesh
Mizoram
Assam
Andhra Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
Sikkim
Bihar
Commitment of State
ICDS Projects
Sanctioned Opera- Pending Govt. In Dec. 2009
as on
tional*
31.3.10
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
576
414
162
07/10
258
163
95
03/10
220
163
57
06/10
95
55
40
12/09
304
280
24
07/10
338
326
12
03/10
148
137
11
9
1
8
105
99
6
02/10
154
148
6
03/10
98
93
5
27
23
4
231
228
3
02/10
387
385
2
06/10
78
76
2
03/10
13
11
2
03/10
545
544
1
05/10
4
ICDS: Operationalisation of AWCs/ mini-AWC
Sl. No.
Month of
report
State/UT
No. of Anganwadis/ mini-AWCs
Sanctioned
as on
31.3.2010
(1)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
(2)
08/10
07/10
05/10
08/10
07/10
03/10
07/10
08/10
06/10
08/10
03/10
08/10
08/10
12/09
(3)
Uttar Pradesh
Chhattisgarh
Maharashtra
Orissa
Uttrakhand
Bihar
Andhra Pradesh
Haryana
Madhya Pradesh
West Bengal
Assam
Rajasthan
Delhi
Jammu & Kashmir
(4)
187517
64390
110486
72873
23159
91968
91307
25699
90999
117170
62153
61119
11150
28577
Operational*
(5)
151092
36395
95814
58842
10792
80211
80101
17445
84440
110644
55642
56466
6606
24989
Pending
(6)
36425
27995
14672
14031
12367
11757
11206
8254
6559
6526
6511
4653
4544
3588
Commitment of
State Govt. In Dec.
2009
(7)
04/10
06/10
03/10
03/10
02/10
05/10
06/10
01/10
07/10
02/10
07/10
12/09
03/10 5
ICDS: Operationalisation of AWCs/ mini-AWC
Sl. No.
(1)
Month of
report
State/UT
(2)
(3)
Commitment of
State Govt. In Dec.
2009
No. of Anganwadis/ mini-AWCs
Sanctioned
as on
31.3.2010
Operational*
Pending
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
15
09/10
Gujarat
50226
48329
1897
02/10
16
12/09
Manipur
11510
9654
1856
01/10
17
07/10
Kerala
33115
32232
883
03/10
18
06 /10
Himachal Pradesh
18925
18297
628
03/10
19
07/10
Karnataka
63377
63016
361
12/09
20
08/10
Arunachal Pradesh
6225
6028
197
21
08/10
Sikkim
1233
1103
130
03/10
22
08/10
Puducherry
788
688
100
12/09
23
05/10
Chandigarh
500
420
80
01/10
24
08/10
Goa
1262
1210
52
02/10
25
09/10
A & N Islands
720
697
23
12/09
26
12/09
Lakshadweep
107
87
20
27
09/10
Meghalaya
5115
5096
19
28
12/09
Daman & Diu
107
102
5
6
ICDS: Location of AWCs
• 10 States namely Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal
Pradesh,
Assam,
Madhya
Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Orissa, Delhi, Punjab, Tripura and
Uttar Pradesh have uploaded information onto
their website. They may also ensure that cen
per cent information of all AWCs are uploaded.
• Remaining 25 States/UTs may upload the
information onto their website and inform the
website address by 30th November positively.
7
ICDS : Services
• Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP):
• Adoption
of norms
• Implement Revised calorific and cost norms in letter & spirit.
• Morning snack & hot cooked meal for children 3-6 years
• Quantity/ weight of SN per bene. actually given,
• THR for children below 3 yrs and P&L mothers
• Calorific and nutritional norms
• Optimization of coverage: 729 lakh children receiving SN as
against 1195 lakh child (6 – 72 months) population as per AW
survey register
• Quality
• Age appropriate and palatable
• Local nutritious and varied recipes
• Micronutrients !
8
States not conforming to the revised nutritional
norms: deficiencies
Deficiencies:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Andhra Pradesh (50 Kcal)
•
Himachal Pradesh (80 Kcal)
•
Punjab (200 Kcal; 6 gm Pr)
•
Jammu (200 Kcal; 3 gm Pr)
Puducherry (200 Kcal; 3 gm Pr) •
•
Jharkhand (50 Kcal)
Orissa (100 Kcal)
Karnataka (150 Kcal; 3 gm Pr)
West Bengal (100 Kcal)
Assam ( 500 Kcal; 12 gm Pr)
A & N Islands (4 gm Pr)
Uttar Pradesh (50 Kcal)
Kerala (100 Kcal)
Chandigarh (200 Kcal; 3 gm
Pr)
Source: MPR , FNB
Recent Disruption in SNP
• Assam : No food supplies since Nov 2009
• Punjab : Insufficient ingredients
• Uttar Pradesh : disruption in HCM; Reduced
ingredients due to price rise leading to low
nutritive values
• Manipur: No feeding provided in 3 centres out of 7
centres visited (June 2010)
• Bihar : Out of 11 units visited in May 2010 only
one provided SNP. In the month of September 14
centres did not provide any SNP.
SNP : Not as ICDS norms

•
•
•
•
•
•
THR (Hot cooked meal):
Chandigarh
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
A & N Islands
West Bengal
Puducherry
 THR (Dry food grains):
• Goa
• Bihar [target 40 children
(6m-3yrs) for SN, 8 pregnant
& 8 lactating women]
• Jharkhand
 States not providing morning
snacks :
•
•
•
•
•
Puducherry
West Bengal
Bihar
A & N Islands
Chandigarh
ICDS : Services
• Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP):
Micronutrient fortification : The supplementary food may be fortified with
essential micronutrients (energy and protein excluded) with 50% of RDA level
per beneficiary per day
RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCES, NUTRIENT INTAKES AND GAPS
Age group 1-3 years
Energy(Kcal)
Protein (g)
Iron (mg)
Age Group 4-6 years
Pregnant Women
Lactating Mothers
RDA
Intake
Gap
RDA
Intake
Gap
RDA
Intake
Gap
RDA
Intake
Gap
1240
22
12
400
687
18.6
4.3
56
553
3.4
7.7
344
1690
30
18
400
978
26.5
6.8
66
712
3.5
11.2
334
2175
65
38
600
1654
45
12
111
521
20
26
489
2425
75
30
950
1852
46.7
11.8
107
573
28.3
18.2
843
161
0.4
0.3
239
0.2
0.4
400
0.9
1.0
66
0.6
0.3
334
0.3
0.7
1000
1.1
1.3
352
1.0
0.5
648
0.1
0.8
1000
1.2
1.4
320
1.2
0.6
680
0
0.8
4.7
9
18
3.3
21
12
11.0
40.0
40
7.4
15.0
26
3.6
25
14
14.0
40
400
12.4
26
48
1.6
14
352
16
80
150
14.4
28
53
1.6
52
97
Vitamin A
(mcg)
Calcium (mg)
400
Thiamin (mg)
0.6
Riboflavin (mg) 0.7
Niacin (mg)
8.0
Vitamin C (mg) 30
Free Folic Acid 30
(mg)
HCM: leafy veg;
THR:
through GMP( manufacturers); Fruits.
Sprinkler: NO;
Sachet: ? ( only in centralised and monitored kitchens !)
12
ICDS : Services
Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP):
•Management
• Supply chain
- commodity management
- uninterrupted distribution at AWC
• Regularity and timelines
• Adopt normative approach and reduce wastage
• WBNP:
•
States/ UTs to give basis and details of requirements of food
grains urgently
• Rationale for not availing food grains
• Regular lifting position to be provided; Previous quarter
lifting by 70% for future allocation
13
ICDS : Weighment & Growth monitoring
• 8th & 9th December, 2009 States given
commitment to roll out the new WHO Growth
Standards by June 2010.
• RFD target 5000 projects for the WHO Growth
Standards and Joint MCP Cards: 1536 Projects
achieved.
• Most of the states have indicated printing stage
and committed to roll out by December 2010 in all
projects and AWCs.
• Must be ensured ; failing which constrained not
to release funds;
• fortnightly monitoring by secretaries and
reporting.
14
ICDS : Vacancies of Supervisors
Sl. No.
State/UT
1Bihar
2Uttrakhand
3Puducherry
4Himachal Pradesh
5West Bengal
6Jharkhand
7Haryana
8Assam
9Chhattisgarh
10Chandigarh
11Orissa
12Sikkim
13Uttar Pradesh
14Daman & Diu
15Karnataka
16Punjab
17Jammu & Kashmir
SUPERVISORS
% Vacant
Sanctione In-position Vacant
d by GOI
3513
241
3272
93.14%
755
291
464
61.46%
36
16
20
55.56%
814
377
437
53.69%
5059
2482
2577
50.94%
1288
673
615
47.75%
1136
605
531
46.74%
2394
1294
1100
45.95%
2446
1333
1113
45.50%
20
11
9
45.00%
2811
1578
1233
43.86%
55
32
23
41.82%
7222
4217
3005
41.61%
5
3
2
40.00%
2666
1621
1045
39.20%
1152
710
442
38.37%
1174
747
427
36.37%
15
ICDS : Vacancies of Supervisors
Sl. No.
State/UT
18Rajasthan
19Mizoram
20Manipur
21Tripura
22Kerala
23Madhya Pradesh
24Maharashtra
25Tamil Nadu
26Delhi
27Gujarat
28Goa
29Dadra & N Haveli
30Meghalaya
31A & N Islands
32Arunachal Pradesh
33Nagaland
% Vacant
SUPERVISORS
Sanctione In-positionVacant
d by GOI
2497
102
391
405
1462
3229
4227
1807
250
2275
65
11
190
31
265
146
1620
69
274
287
1046
3047
3265
1415
196
1811
53
9
170
28
261
145
877
33
117
118
416
182
962
392
54
464
12
2
20
3
4
1
35.12%
32.35%
29.92%
29.14%
28.45%
5.77%
22.76%
21.69%
21.60%
20.40%
18.46%
18.18%
10.53%
9.68%
1.51%
0.68%
16
ICDS : Vacancies of AWWs
Sl. No.
State/UT
Sanctioned by GOI as on
31.3.2010
No. of AWWs
Sanctioned by
State Govt. as on
31.3.2010
1 West Bengal
117170
2 Maharashtra
In-position
Vacant w.r.t.
sanction by
SG
110644
87268
23376
110486
95814
84287
11527
3 Tamil Nadu
54439
54439
44887
9552
4 Madhya Pradesh
90999
84440
75349
9091
5 Andhra Pradesh
91307
80101
72215
7886
6 Karnataka
63377
63016
56802
6214
7 Gujarat
50226
48329
45290
3039
8 Rajasthan
61119
56466
53548
2918
9 Orissa
72873
58842
56052
2790
10 Uttar Pradesh
187517
151092
148593
2499
11 Manipur
11510
9654
7621
2033
12 Uttrakhand
23159
10792
8872
1920
13 Jharkhand
38186
38296
36740
1556
14 Tripura
9906
9906
8634
1272
15 Meghalaya
5115
5096
3875
1221
16 Punjab
26656
26656
25935
721
17 Chhattisgarh
64390
36395
35936
459
18 Himachal Pradesh
18925
18297
18035
262
17
ICDS : Vacancies of Helpers
Sl.
No.
State/UT
1West Bengal
2Chhattisgarh
3Uttar Pradesh
4Maharashtra
5Uttrakhand
6Andhra Pradesh
7Tamil Nadu
8Haryana
9Orissa
10Bihar
11Madhya Pradesh
12Delhi
13Gujarat
14Karnataka
ANGANWADI HELPERS
Sanctioned by GOI Sanctioned by In-position Vacant
as on 31.3.2010 State Govt. as
w.r.t.
on 31.3.2010
sanction by
SG
117170
117170
85000
32170
55709
55709
33520
22189
165331
165331
146005
19326
97475
97475
80002
17473
18039
18039
8475
9564
80481
80481
71372
9109
49499
49499
40735
8764
25187
25187
17060
8127
62657
62657
54880
7777
86528
86528
80211
6317
78929
78929
74275
4654
11150
11150
6606
4544
48641
48641
44288
4353
60046
60046
55809
4237
18
ICDS : Vacancies of Helpers (Contd..)
Sl. No.
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
State/UT
Rajasthan
Jammu & Kashmir
Assam
Manipur
Jharkhand
Tripura
Kerala
Punjab
Himachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Sikkim
Puducherry
Goa
Chandigarh
ANGANWADI HELPERS
Sanctioned Sanctioned In-position Vacant
by GOI as on
by State
w.r.t.
31.3.2010 Govt. as on
sanction
31.3.2010
by SG
54915
54915
51002
3913
28577
28577
25185
3392
56728
56728
53506
3222
9958
9958
7621
2337
35635
35635
34003
1632
9878
9878
8963
915
32986
32986
32212
774
25436
25436
24722
714
18386
18386
18023
363
6225
6225
6028
197
1233
1233
1086
147
788
788
685
103
1262
1262
1182
80
500
500
420
80
19
• Vacancies:
ICDS: Management
Manpower
– Large vacancies at all levels in almost all States
– Timeliness to fill up vacancies at all levels
[10% deduction from grant if vacancies of Supervisors , AWW
s & AWHs 40% or more; 20% deduction if 50+%? ]
• Promotion:
– AWW to Supervisor
– AWH to AWW
• Dedicated cadre
• Tenure stability
• Disengagement of ICDS functionaries from non- ICDS
related activities [10% deduction from grant if? ]
20
ICDS: Management Issues
• Fund flow mechanism
• Timely payment of honoraria: mechanism to be put
in place
• Motivation
– Additional honoraria by state
– Insurance coverage of LIC & other benefits
– Proposed Rastriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (possible
sharing 75:25)
– Proposed pension scheme (Quantum of State share say 1000
per anum / per benef.)
21
ICDS: Management Issues
Pending Construction of AWCs building sanctioned for NE States since
2001-02 till 2006-07:
S.No Name of the
States
1
2
3
4
5
6
Assam
Manipur
Meghalaya
Nagaland
Tripura
Sikkim
AWCs
AWCs
Construction
sanctioned
actually
AWCs yet to
for
Constructed be completed
Construction
since 2001-02
29748
18618
11130
3524
1401
2123
2985
704
2281
2173
1729
444
5139
4328
811
717
451
266
•No fund for ICDS general would be provided unless UCs and
progress report is given along with any undertaking by the
Secretary
22
ICDS : Services
• Pre-School Non-formal Education:
• Pre-School Education Kits: 10 States/UTS viz. Andhra
Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, J&K, Jharkhand, Kerala,
Chandigarh, Lakshadweep, Puducherry and Mizoram have
not made any procurement during 2008-09 and 2009-10 on
the PSE kits
• Ensure availability of PSE kits
• Usage of Local materials & effective communication
• Methods used for joyful learning and improve Quality
• Optimize coverage of children (3-6 years) for PSE
• Ensure PSE activities on regular basis at all AWCs
• Assess and ensure school readiness (Section 11 of RTE) &
Leverage resources for strengthening ECE; Linkage and
leverage with RTE
23
ICDS : Services
• Health and Nutrition Education:
• Joint home visits
• Training
• IEC and campaign – Observation
24
ICDS : Services
• Coordination & Convergence:
• Health:
•
•
•
•
- Effective arrangement for health related services at AWCs
Immunization
Supply of IFA tablets and Vitamin “A”
Health check ups and referrals
Management of severally undernourished
- Reflect ICDS related services separately and categorically in
NRHM PIPs at all levels
- Holding of VHND
- Institutional arrangements for effective engagement of health
sector
• DDWS:
- Provision of safe drinking water
-Provision of child friendly toilet
- Awareness on sanitation and safe drinking water
25
ICDS – Infrastructure
• Construction of AWCs Buildings
• Tap MPLADS, MLALADS, BRGF, RIDF, PRI, State Plan including
ACA, MSDP, BADP, etc for AWCs buildings (13% of total
constructed )
• Construct good model buildings with full amenities
• Provide adequate space, other facilities and equipments
• State/UTS were requested to submit Action plans for
strengthening quality of infrastructure at AWCs by September
2010.

No State has sent so far.
26
ICDS: Management Issues
• Community Participation
• Replication of Best practices
• Effective monitoring
• Training:
• Cross sectoral, horizontal and vertical integration of training
both in content and participation; circular trg. intrasector/
intra project and inter project
• Make STRAP a meaningful exercise . Send proposal for
2011-12 by January 2010.
• State level Task Force
• Peer group
27
WBNP
Statement indicating on Requirement, Allocation & Lifting (in MTs)
Years
Requirement
Allocation
Lifting
2008 – 09
1,018,084
729,100
666,968
2009 - 10
1,168,831
967,584
757,310
2010 - 11
16,13,044
10,50,734 (till 3rd
quarter)
1,88,261 (till June
2010)
• States/ UTs lifted below 50% allotment (2009 - 10): Uttarakhand,
Manipur, Maharastra, J & K, DN & Haveli, Arunachal Pradesh
• For 2011-12, allocation of foodgrains to States/ Uts will be made who
have lifted lifted 70%+ of the foodgrains allotted so far (including
revalidated quantities)
28
ICDS: Review and field visits
Review of ICDS Scheme and field visits to
AWCs from time to time
• MOS (I/c), MWCD visited Guwahati (Assam),
Jhabua (M.P.), Sikkim and Uttrakhand
• Secretary, MWCD visited to AWCs in Haryana,
Uttrakhand, Punjab, Chandigarh & U.P. And
reviewed implementation of ICDS
• Area Officers
are also reviewing
implementation and visiting AWCs
the
29
ICDS: Review and field visits (Contd..)
Major issues emerges:
• Operationalisation of pending AWCs/ miniAWCs;
• Filling up of vacant posts;
• Compliance
of
GOI
directions
on
supplementary nutrition as per revised norms;
• Need to devise a normative approach for
reporting attendance;
• Maintenance of WHO Growth Chart and
training to AWWs
• Convergence with line departments on
drinking water, sanitation etc.
30
ICDS: Monitoring
• State level consolidated MPR in Format I & II to be
sent with regularity
• Officer i/c Monitoring must be held responsible: Late
submission cause for withholding the salary of
concerned monitoring officer
• Revised MIS being Field tested in 6
states.
blocks in 6
• Revised records & registers at AWCs and MPRs/
ASRs being implemented from 1.4.2011
• Web based MIS being developed by NIC on revised
MIS..
31
ICDS: Monitoring contd…
• CMU, NIPCCD in operation since 2009-2010. Medical
Colleges, Home Science Colleges and School of
Social Science involved in monitoring and
supervision of ICDS
• Proposal to revise monitoring committees at all levels
• Check list for field
supervision finalised.
visit
for
monitoring
and
• Proposal to involve National Level Monitors (NLMs)
rtd civvil servants and defence personnels.
32
Draft Findings
Evaluation of ICDS by NCAER (2009)
Summary Findings
A. Coverage of target groups – Children
• 49% of the size of the eligible group (vide census) are
actually registered for ICDS benefits.
• At the national level, of those recorded in the delivery
register for ICDS benefits:
– 64% received Supplementary Nutrition (may not be for all 300
days), immunization and other benefits,
– 12% received other benefits but not supplementary nutrition and
– 24% have not received any benefits;
Coverage - Continued
The proportion receiving all ICDS benefits varies across
States:
• High Performers: More than 70% of the children receiving
supplementary nutrition out of the total children recorded
in the delivery register (not necessarily as per norms) are:
Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal
Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka,
Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand and West Bengal.
• Low Performers: Bihar (53%), Haryana (52%), Rajasthan
(56%) and Uttar Pradesh (41%), Punjab (59%).
Infrastructure
A. AWC Buildings:
• Overall 42.5% of sampled AWCs have their own buildings, 17.4%
are in rented buildings, 17.3% are located in primary schools and other
22.9% are running from AWW/AWH house, panchayat and community
buildings.
• More than 60% AWCs run from their own buildings in the states of
Tamil Nadu (85.6%), Chhattisgarh (92.6%), Assam (69.6%),
Maharashtra (68.5%), Karnataka (65.3%), Kerala (65%) and Gujarat
(61.5%).
• Space for indoor activities was found to be adequate in most AWCs
(71.8%). Almost all States had similar dimensions of the AWC
buildings.
• Average room area: 315 sq ft (average length : 20 ft, breadth: 15 ft),
lowest being reported in Himachal Pradesh and J&K (160 sq ft).
Infrastructure (Contd.)
B. Drinking Water facility at AWCs: Country-wide, a total of about 87%
AWCs (58.8% with hand-pump, 28.4% with pipe water facility) were
found to have drinking water supply.
C. Sanitation Facility at AWCs: About half the AWCs across the states
had toilet facilities in the premises. However, most AWCs (about 80%)
in Bihar, UP and Orissa were without toilets.
D. Equipments/Kits at AWCs: 69% of sampled AWCs having functional
baby weighing scale; 49% of AWCs having utensils; 48% of AWCs
having cooking vessels; only 44% of AWCs having PSE kits and 62%
of AWCS having medicine kits.
E. Overall Infrastructure Index (20 major States):
• Top 5 States: Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and
Gujarat are ranked as top five states
• Bottom 5 States: Rajasthan, UP, Punjab, J & K, and Bihar
Service Delivery
• 82% of AWWs reported to have been involved in other
government schemes during the last year with an average no. of
days spent as 14 with 6 hrs/day. (Table 6.12 pp-64)
• Only 41.2% AWCs reported to have updated child growth chart
(Table 6.16)
• 93.6% of sampled AWWs reported to have been adequately
trained to conduct PSE (Table 6.17)
• Average visits made to AWC in six months: By Supervisors - 5
visits; By CDPOs – 1 visit. Their main focus during the AWC
visits has been record keeping (pp-76).
• About 40% of AWWs reported getting some help from
Panchayat with about 36% in monitoring and 34% in providing
infrastructure (pp-83)
• 31%
AWWs
reported
getting
help
from
Village
leaders/Committee with 41% in monitoring and 26% in providing
infrastructure (pp-84)
Service Delivery (Contd.)
• About 70% of the community leaders felt that the ICDS
programme was very useful to the community (pp-102);
• 51.2% children (12-23 months) were found to be fully
immunized (pp-121);
• 49% of children were observed to be able to write
alphabets/ words;
• Only 24% women reported to have attended NHE
meetings;
• Average attendance of no. of children 3-6 yrs based on
three sudden visits by the Research Team was found to
be 14 (pp-121);
Programme Outcomes
• Intended behavioral changes of varied intensity observed in
Kerala, Himachal Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu,
Maharashtra, West Bengal and Jharkhand; Bihar, Uttar Pradesh,
Rajasthan, Haryana and Punjab ranked very low in terms of
intended behavioral changes among ICDS beneficiaries.
• In general, the practice of breast feeding within an hour of birth is
found to be more widespread among ICDS beneficiaries;
• ICDS has positively influenced formal school enrolment and
reduction in early discontinuation among beneficiaries;
• At the national level, ICDS programme has impacted the
immunization coverage, specially measles vaccination (Table 8.9).
• There is no significant difference in the nutritional status among
children 7-60 months between ICDS and non-ICDS populations
(Table 9.2, pp-146)
Changes Required for Better Performance
• Universalization Vs resources
• Job security and compensation of AWW
• AWC infrastructure
• Convergence of complementary services
• Monitoring and verification of office records
• Revision of per capita norms in keeping with inflation
41
Ranking of States : Overall Performance in ICDS
• Based on seven indicators:
–
–
–
–
–
Ave. no. of days SNP received in last 3 months,
% of children 12-23 months fully immunized,
% of children who are able to write alphabets/words,
% of women reporting NHE meetings,
% of mothers reporting seeking help from AWW when their child
gets sick,
– % mothers reporting received deforming tablets from AWC, and
– Ave. attendance of 3-6 year old (based on 3 visits by NCAER)
• Top Six States: Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, West
Bengal, Jharkhand and Tamil Nadu
• Bottom Six States: Punjab, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, UP, Assam
and Bihar
Components of Facility Index (FI)
Components
Max
Average
AWCs housed in owned buildings (%)
92.6 (Chh)
43.8
AWCs with adequate space for cooking (%)
92.6 (TN)
59.9
AWCs with adequate space for storage (%)
91.8 (TN)
59.8
Mean area of room in AWC (Sq Ft)
404.0 (Rajasthan)
299.8
AWCs having toilet with flush system (%)
60 .0 (TN)
15.6
AWCs having drinking water facility within
premises (%)
88.1 (MP)
62.7
AWWs attended training (%)
100.0 (AP, Har, Raj,
Jha)
82.8
AWCs with functional weighing scale of children
(%)
95.5 (TN)
73.7
AWCs having adequate toys (%)
89.9 (HP)
37.1
AWCs having adequate posters (%)
94.2 (Uttarakhand)
57.0
AWCs having adequate PSE kits (%)
90.1 (HP)
47.1
AWWs whose education above middle school (%)
98.1 (Uttaranchal)
80.8
43
Mean SD of the Indicators used for Composite PI
Indicators
Max
Average number of days received food
21.0 (Haryana, Karnataka,
Maharashtra, Orissa, TN, WB)
16.9
Percentage of children (12-23 months) fully
immunized
86.7 (TN)
58.9
Percentage of Children able to Write
alphabets/words among those attending
PSE
82.3 (Assam)
53.2
Percentage of women reporting attended
NHE meetings
72.1 (Kerala)
27.9
Percentage of mother reporting seeking
help from AWW when their child gets sick
28.5 (Andhra Pradesh)
11.2
Percentage of mother reporting received
deworming tablets from AWC
92.8 (Madhya Pradesh)
59.9
Average attendance (number of children
aged 3-6 years) based on 3 sudden visits by
NCAER
20 ( Madhya Pradesh,
Maharashtra)
13.6
44
Average
Theory of change issues in ICDS:
Program Restructuring
Hierarchy
Causal chain-ICDS
Impact
Reduced mortality,
Increased weight for age in
children
Outcome Awareness, Behavioural
changes in: hygienic/dietary
habits, health/education
seeking behaviour
Output
Effective coverage, Quality
of delivery of SN, PSE/NHE
Activities Surveys, Coverage,
Organising delivery of
food/ration, PSE/NHE,
Immunization etc.
Input
AWC infrastructure, Funds,
Materials, Human resources
45
Observations-general
Impact conditional on Effective
Coverage, AWC performance, quality
spending, convergence of services.
Influenced by infrastructure, human
resources, convergence of interrelated
services, quality delivery of services.
Influenced by quality of spending,
infrastructure, human resources
Affected by infrastructure,
overburdened/underpaid AWC;
Monitoring weak; more emphasis on
Record-keeping, data unrepresentative.
AWC not equipped, AWW –vulnerable,
not trained & motivated, inadequate &
untimely input;
PART - II
ICDS : Restructuring
46
ICDS: Restructuring
• ICDS Restructuring details provided in the agenda for
16th /17 th June: States were requested to provide
suggestions by August 2010:
– Implementation in flexible mode – different models
and institutional arrangements for delivery of
services
– States/ UTs had to submit successful models after
stakeholders consultation at various levels &
validation
– [still pending]
• State PIPs for ICDS from 2011-12 with accountability
for administration/ delivery arrangements; nutrition
and early learning outcome.
• State to confirm constitution of Nutrition Council and
State Nutrition Action Plan.
47
Nutrition Challenges
• State Nutrition Council
•Executive Committee
•District Level Council
• State and Multisectorial Nutrition
Action Plan
48
Mother & Child Protection Card
THANK YOU
49
ICDS – Infrastructure
Three
CMU Decades of Average
ICDS
S. No
Indicator(s)
NCAER
1
Ownership of AWC Buildings
- Own building/State Govt.
42.5
27
28.5
32.67
17.3
17.4
22.9
7.2
28.1
36.9
33.2
19.7
15.9
19.23
21.73
25.23
9.4
20.8
69.2
0.6
23.9
75.4
0.7
16.65
20.80
72.30
0.65
48.4
44.5
48
50.3
50.67
50.77
- Primary school building/ Provided by
Community free of Rent
- Rented building
- Others
2
3
Facilities & Infrastructure available at AWCs
- Kuccha Buildings
- Semi-Pucca Buildings
- Pucca Buildings
- Open Space
AWC's having Separate Space/ Adequate
Space
- For Cooking
- For Storage
55.6
57.5
50
ICDS – Infrastructure (contd..)
S. No
4
5
6
7
8
Indicator(s)
Three
Decades Average
of ICDS
NCAER
CMU
71.8
38.5
68
66.8
47.9
51.3
51.5
41
39.77
63.37
42.47
28.4
58.8
12.9
37.4
42.2
20.4
44.1
43.3
3.2
36.63
48.10
12.17
48.3
49
73.4
75.6
60.7
61.8
60.80
62.13
68.9
83.8
77.4
AWC's having Adequate Space
- For Outdoor Activities
- For Indoor Activities
Available with Toilet Facility
AWC’s with Water Sources
- Tap/ Piped Water
- Hand Pumps
- Others
Avalability of Utensils
- For Cooking
- For Serving
Available of Weighing Scale
- Weighing Scale available &
Functional
76.70
51