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LoCal Retreat Winter 2012 David Culler, Randy Katz, Seth Sanders University of California, Berkeley Presentation Outline • Retreat Purpose and Agenda • What is LoCal? • Project Progress and Status 2 Retreat Goals & Technology Transfer People Project Status Work in Progress Prototype Technology UC Berkeley Project Team Early Access to Technology Promising Directions Reality Check Feedback Industrial Collaborators Government Sponsors Friends 3 Sources and Loads Dispatchable Sources Oblivious Loads Non-Dispatchable Sources Aware Loads 4 Grid Economics Load Duration Curve Most expensive, least efficient energy Latency involved in bringing capacity on line Demand Response: Incentivize reduced loads during times of peak demand Peaker Capacity Load-following Intermediate Supply Capacity Demand Side Management: Shift demand to reduce peak loads Base Capacity (or probability of exceeding) 5 Grid Economics Load Duration Curve Increasingly Variable Supply (Renewables) with Reduced Base Supply Supply-following Loads Variable loads, supply aware, based on improved power proportionality, exploitable slack to shift/schedule (or probability of exceeding) 6 Energy Networks Gen-toBuilding Gento-Grid Building OS Controls Grid Routing/Control Temperature Maintenance Compressor Scheduling Control Instrumentation Models Grid OS Instrumentation Models Demand Response Load Following Supply Following Storageto-Building Supply-Following Loads MR-toBuilding Models Facility-toBuilding Facility-toBuilding Machine Room Web Server Web App Logic DB/Storage Load Balancer/ Scheduler Power-Aware Cluster Manager 7 Models uGridto-Grid Plug Loads Lighting Facilities Instrumentation Building Buildingto-Grid Instrumentation Buildingto-Grid Facility-toBuilding Retreat Purpose • Fifth LoCal Retreat – Alternate between Lake Tahoe in winter and Santa Cruz in summer • Project approaching home stretch – Much progress on energy efficient computing as well as building facilities – SDH as a testbed • Review recent progress • Direction for next generation project 8 Who is Here? • Industrial – – – – – – – – – – – • Industrial Autogrid – Quanta Computers Cisco – VmWare Ericsson • Academic Fujitsu Labs USA – UC Berkeley EECS, ME, Korea Electronics Haas School Technical Institute (KETI) – Columbia, UMichigan Intel Marvell – DTU EE, Univ of Munich Microsoft • Government/Labs Nokia – CIEE Oracle Samsung – LBNL 9 Retreat Schedule • Monday, January 9 0745 0800-1200 1200-1330 1330-1500 1500-1530 1530-1700 Load Bus Bus from Berkeley to Lake Tahoe Lunch Introduction and Overview Welcome and Project Overview, Randy Landscape of Berkeley Energy Research, David Energy Technology Update, Arka/Mike Break Lessons Learned from Deployments Controlling a Campus Building, Andrew Laptop Application, Omar sMAP 2.0, Steve 10 Retreat Schedule • Monday, January 9 1700-1800 Short Break 1800-1930 Dinner 1930-2100 Posters and Demonstrations 11 Retreat Schedule • Tuesday, January 10 0730-0800 0830-1000 1000-1030 1030-1200 1200-1630 Breakfast New Directions for LoCal 2.0 Societal Scale Energy Management, Randy California Supply Scaling, Jay Flex in California, Sara/Yanpei/Jay Siemens CKI: Technology for Sustainable Cities, Prashanth Third World Deployment, Achintya/Javier Break Short Pitches and Breakouts Lunch + Ski (?) Break 12 Retreat Schedule • Tuesday, January 10 1630-1800 1800-1930 1930-2100 Green Information Management MapReduce Energy Efficiency, Yanpei/Sara Power Capping, Arka Lessons from LBNL Building 90, Steve/Rich Brown Dinner + Breakout Discussions Continue Breakout Reports and Discussion 13 Retreat Schedule • Wednesday, January 11 0730-0830 0830-1000 1000-1030 1030-1200 1200-1300 1300-1700 Breakfast Potpourri Stirling Engine Update, Mike Demand Response of 199, Jay Managing Data Privacy and Security, Prashanth Break/Room Check-Out/Photo Visitor Feedback Lunch Bus back to Berkeley Proposed Breakout Topics 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What is the most effective energy (information) technology to be developed in the next decade that is likely to have the greatest impact on global warming? What is the most effective way to transition LoCal technology developments? Open source, standardization, start-up commercialization? How would you know a good Building OS if you programmed one? What are the figures of merit/attributes of a 21st Century Building OS? Markets vs. Optimization--how should loads and supplies best be matched? What new industries will be possible if high penetration renewables give us cheap but seasonal abundant energy? How do you build & design a net zero grid for the moderate sized island? Proposed Breakout Topics 7. How do we design for shiftable loads and to enhance power proportionality, particularly at the building/campus/societal scales? 8. What is slack, and how do define slack for a variety of loads? 9. What are useful kinds of energy data analytics, at the building, campus, and societal scales? What are the right figures of merit worth computing? How do you quantify sustainability, for example? 10. What is the minimum operating energy for a specific building, e.g., Soda Hall, and how close are we to achieving the minimum possible? 11. Making the energy case for datacenters: do operators care about energy efficiency? Maximizing utilization vs. energy savings. 12. Buildings vs. computers: which kind of a load should we focus on in the future? What are the high payoff opportunities in computing systems vs. the built environment?