Transcript Fluid Power - Nashua School District

Forging new generations of engineers
What is Fluid Power?
• Fluid power is energy transmitted and
controlled by means of a pressurized fluid, either
liquid or gas. The term fluid power applies to
both hydraulics and pneumatics.
• Hydraulics uses pressurized liquid, for example,
oil or water;
• Pneumatics uses compressed air or other
neutral gases.
• Fluid power can be effectively combined with
other technologies through the use of sensors,
transducers and microprocessors.
From: http://www.nfpa.com/OurIndustry/OurInd_AboutFP_WhatIsFluidPower.asp
How does Fluid Power Work?
Pascal's Law expresses
the central concept of
fluid power:
"Pressure exerted by a
confined fluid acts
undiminished equally
in all directions."
An Example
• An input force of 10 pounds (44.8 Nm) on a 1-squareinch (6.45 cm2) piston develops a pressure of 10 pounds
per square inch (psi) (68.95 kN/m2 or 68.95 KPa)
throughout the container.
• This pressure will allow a 10-square-inch piston to
support a 100-pound (444.8 Nm) weight.
• The forces are proportional to the piston areas.
The Advantages
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Multiplication and variation of force
Easy, accurate control
Multi-function control
High horsepower, low weight
Low speed torque
Constant force or torque
Safety in hazardous environments
Established standards and engineering
Fluid Power Applications
• Mobile
– Backhoes
– Graders
– Tractors
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Truck brakes
Suspensions
Spreaders
Highway
maintenance
vehicles
Fluid Power Applications
• Industrial
– Metalworking
equipment
– Controllers
– Automated
manipulators
– Material handling
– Assembly
equipment
Fluid Power Applications
• Aerospace
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Landing gear
Brakes
Flight controls
Motor controls
Cargo loading
equipment
Fluid Power Components
Fluid Power System
A typical fluid power system includes
the following components:
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Hydraulic pump or air
compressor
Cylinder or motor
Valves
Filters, regulators and
lubricators
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Manifolds, hose, tube,
fittings, couplings, etc.,
Sealing devices
Accumulators and
reservoirs
Instruments, such as
pressure switches,
gauges, flow meters,
sensors and transducers