Transcript Papernol - UTC Engineering Lab Web Resource Center

Waste Paper Ethanol
Converting Waste Paper into
Ethanol
March 28, 2008
Outline
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
U.T.C. Engineering
Agricultural Comparison
Papernol Process Overview
Material Balances
Energy Balances
Equipment Sizing and Cost
Full Scale Outlook
Current Development
Distillation
Intro
Chemical
Process
Thermodynamics
Freshman
Design
Senior
Papernol
Project
Engineering
Economics
Process
design
Heat &
Mass
Transfer
Reactor
Design
Unit
Operations
UTC Papernol Team - 2008
How is Papernol Different?
Requirements for Each Source of Ethanol
Land
Fertilizer
Tilling
Harvesting
Transportation
Energy Input
Processing
Corn
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Switchgrass
x
x
x
x
x
Paper
x
x
Papernol Advantages
 Value added to waste stream
 Resource from Local Community
 Improves Local Economy
 Minimal Transportation/Fuel Inputs
 No Cropland Requirement
Acid Hydrolysis:
Fermentation:
Purification:
Dilute acid to
+ C
Convert Glucose
C
[C
H
H
O
O
+
Yeast
]
+
H
O

+
2
H
CO
H6O
generate glucose
6 Ethanol
12
6 10
6 5
2
2 +2
6HC
122O
Separate
from
water
into
Ethanol
from
cellulose
Papernol Process
Paper
Preparation
and
Hydrolysis
Storage
Hopper
Recycled H2O
Fermentation Purification
Yeast
Storage
Paper
Shredder
Mixer
Molecular
Sieves
Fresh
H 2O
CO2
H 2O
Sulfuric
Acid
Yeast
Filter
Fermentation
Evaporator
Slurry Pump
Distillation
Hydrolysis
Rotary Filter
Expansion
Chamber
Sodium
Hydroxide
Solid
wastes
C6 H12O6 Yeast

 2CO2  2C2 H5OH
Material Balances
Paper
Recycled H2O
Storage
Hopper
Yeast
Storage
Paper
Shredder
Mixer
Fresh
H2O
CO2
H2O
Sulfuric
Acid
Yeast
Filter
PAPER
Molecular
Sieves
500 gal/day
Fermentation
10,000 lb/day
Slurry Pump
Distillation
Hydrolysis
Rotary Filter
Expansion
Chamber
Sodium
Hydroxide
Solid
wastes
EtOH
Preparation (Basis 10,000 lb paper/Day)
150,000 lb H2O
10,000 lb paper
160,000 lb slurry
*8,000 lb cellulose*
Research: 7% paper water mixture
80% paper is cellulose
Hydrolysis
(Basis 10,000 lb paper/Day)
1600 lb
H2SO4acid
2600 lb
steam/hr
10 lb
steam/hr
1300 lb
NaOH
150,000 lb H2O
160,000 lb
slurry
70%
conversion
*5600 lb glucose*
7300 lb solid
waste
Evaporation - Fermentation
(Basis 10,000 lb paper/Day)
3,000 lb steam/hr
2750 lb
CO2
1600 gal
CW/hr
150,000 lb H2O
860 lb yeast
62,000 lb H2O
*2850 lb EtOH*
*5600 lb glucose*
62,000 lb H2O
*5600 lb glucose*
Purification
(Basis 10,000 lb paper/Day)
Azeotrope at
88%
2,800 lb EtOH
500 gal
EtOH
65,000 lb
EtOH–H2O
1.8% EtOH
62,200 lb H2O
Energy Balances
QLOST
Paper
QIN = 49 million
BTU/day
Recycled H2O
Storage
Hopper
Yeast
Storage
Paper
Shredder
Mixer
Molecular
Sieves
Fresh
H 2O
CO2
H 2O
Sulfuric
Acid
Yeast
Filter
Fermentation
Evaporator
Slurry Pump
Distillation
Hydrolysis
Rotary Filter
Expansion
Chamber
Sodium
Hydroxide
Solid
wastes
QADDED
QPRODUCT = 38 million
BTU/day
Preparation
55 kW
18 kW
Hydrolysis
QIN=7700 BTU/hr
QIN=2.1 MM
BTU/hr
Evaporation - Fermentation
QOUT= 333,000
BTU/hr
QIN= 4 MM
BTU/hr
Purification
QOUT= 1.7 MM
BTU/hr
QIN= 2750
BTU/hr
QIN= 2.5 MM
BTU/hr
QOUT=9300
BTU/hr
Equipment Size and Cost
Equipment
Size(ft3)
Quantity
Total Cost
(1000$)
Storage Hopper
98
3
2
Shredder
1700
1
32
Mixer
1700
1
42
Hydrolysis Tank
2700
1
26
Evaporator
Fermentation Vessel
Mixer
fermentation
Distillation Column
Molecular Sieve
1
800
4
61
20
1
1
360
1
600
2
20
Equipment Size and Cost
Equipment
Size(ft3)
Slurry Pump
Quantity
Total Cost
(1000$)
1
22
Slurry Heat Exchanger
2500 ft2
1
102
Acid Heat Exchanger
11 ft2
1
3
Conveyor
N/A
2
22
Current Development
 Economics
 Environmental Aspects
 (CO2 foot print)
 Utility Costs
Stages of Project
Development
Lab
LabMedium
ScalePilot
– Proof
Scale:
of
Concept
2009-2010
Scale:
2008-2009
Proof of
Currently
Integrated
in Progress
Processing
at UTC
Small
Demonstration
Concept
Available
Utilize
Budget:
TVA/UTC
$500
Medium
Budget:
$150,000
Small Restricted
Orange
Grove:
Chickamauga
Testing
Site Labs
Tested
Using
UTC
ENGR
Demonstration
Estimated Budget:
2010-2011
Pilot
$1,000,000
Integrated
Full Unit
Processing
Full Scale Unit
Orange Grove Center
Skid-Mounted Modular
Estimated budget:
$3,000,000
Potential Orange Grove Site
Process 10,000 lb Paper
=500 gal of Ethanol per day
=> Three Tractor Trailers
Papernol Outlook
 Orange Grove = 500 gal/day max.
 Adds value to Orange Grove
 Competitive with Corn & Switchgrass
 A Renewable Ethanol Source
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