Transcript Document

Driving Green with
Biodiesel
Jenna Higgins
Director of Communications
National Biodiesel Board
What is Biodiesel?
 Alternative fuel for any
diesel engine
 From renewable
resources such as
soybeans
 Made in the USA
 Available in 50 states
Rudolph Diesel designed diesel
engine in 1894 to run on peanut oil
“The use of vegetable oils for
engine fuels may seem
insignificant today. But such
oils may become in the
course of time as important as
petroleum and the coal tar
products of the present time.”
–1912
By Definition
 General Definition: Biodiesel is a domestic,
renewable fuel for diesel engines derived from
natural oils such as soybean oil, and which meets
the specifications of ASTM D 6751.
 Not the same thing as raw vegetable oil
Production
(Catalyst)
100 pounds +
triglyceride
10 pounds
Methanol
= 100 pounds
Biodiesel
+ 10 pounds
Glycerine
(Vegetable oil
or animal fat)
B100 = Biodiesel
Specified by ASTM D 6751
B20 = 20 % B100 blended with 80% petrodiesel
Biodiesel
Petroleum diesel
B100 = 100% biodiesel
B100
B20 = 20% biodiesel + 80%
petroleum diesel
B10 = 10% biodiesel + 90%
petroleum diesel
B20
B10
B5 = 5% biodiesel + 95%
B5
petroleum diesel
B2
0
50
100
B2 = 2% biodiesel + 98%
petroleum diesel
Biodiesel Blends
Performance
How does biodiesel perform?
 Similar to petroleum
diesel
 Highest BTU content of
any alternative fuel
 High cetane
Minimum cetane of 47,
which is higher than most
#2 diesel
Does biodiesel perform in
cold weather?
 Yes!
 During winter, petro
distributors treat B20
for climate needs
Regular diesel also
needs to be treated
 Usually involves
blending with a
heartier winter diesel
Will biodiesel void my
warranty?
 The use of B20 and below will
not void the warranty of any
major US engine manufacturer
 Position statements can be
found at www.biodiesel.org
Caterpillar
Cummins
Detroit Diesel
International
John Deere
Case New Holland
Volkswagen
Dodge Ram Pickup
Emissions
Biodiesel Lowers Emissions
 Decreases EPA-targeted
emissions
 Virtually free of sulfur &
aromatics
 Soy B100 reduces lifecycle
CO2 by 78%
Emissions
Emission Type
B100 B20
B2
Total Unburned Hydrocarbons
-67%
-20% -2.2%
Carbon Monoxide
-48%
-12% -1.3%
Particulate Matter
-47%
-12% -1.3%
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX)
+10%
+2% +.2%
Environment
Biodegrades as fast as sugar
B20: helps diesel portion degrade twice as
fast
Nontoxic
Energy Balance
 Highest energy balance of
any fuel
For every unit of fossil
energy needed to make
biodiesel, 3.2 units of
energy are gained
• USDA/DOE study
 This takes into account
the planting, harvesting,
fuel production,
transport...
• Institute for Local Self
Reliance
• International Energy
Agency
Energy Balance
 It’s so high because:
Plants get free energy
from the sun
Soybeans are a low
input crop
Soybean oil is a surplus
product
• No soybeans are grown
for biodiesel
Biodiesel…a Transitional Fuel
 Biodiesel is not a
perfect fuel, but:
It works with existing
vehicles, TODAY
Can transition us to
zero-emission fuel
Diesel Vehicles
J.D. Power estimates diesel vehicles will
make up 7.5% of passenger cars by 2012
(up from 3% in 2004)
Highly fuel efficient
Cleaner and quieter
Diesel Vehicles
Diesel is getting cleaner
New EPA regulations:
• .07 grams of NOx per mile
• All emissions drastically
reduced
• Ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel
Health Benefits
 Better for human health
 Reduces the compounds linked
to cancer by 80 – 90%
 Less irritating to eyes, nose,
throat; asthma
Users
500 fleets, including: In Missouri:
NASA
U.S. Military
L.L. Bean
New Belgium Brewery
Dozens of school
districts
City of Denver
MoDot
St. Louis Lambert Intl.
Airport
Lodge of Four
Seasons/Lake Ozark
Ft. Leonard Wood
KC P&L
City of Columbia
Biodiesel Production
(in gallons)
80,000,000
70,000,000
60,000,000
50,000,000
40,000,000
30,000,000
20,000,000
10,000,000
0
5 Million
500,000
1999
2 Million
2001
2003
2005
…Fueling the Famous
 Neil Young
Willie Nelson
 Guster
 Indigo Girls
 Bonnie Raitt
Bush Visits VA Biodiesel
Clinton Global Initiative
What Does it Cost?
What Does it Cost?
 In general, B20 sells for the
same as diesel to 20 cents
more per gallon
 New tax incentive will
make blends MORE cost
competitive
 There are variables that
determine the cost differential,
but the tax incentive will help
close the gap.
Where is it Available?
 B20: Jefferson City Oil
Conoco, Country Club
Blvd. (across from mall)
 B5: MFA Petro Card 24
College Ave.
Columbia, MO 65202
 Biodiesel.org
Want to do more? Join
the Biodiesel Alliance or
Become a Biodiesel
Backer!
www.biodiesel.org