Transcript Titel presentatie Titel symposium of locatie

Partner for progress
Certification Standards in
North America for Gas Boilers
and Water Heaters
John Gorman – Technical Advisor – CSA International
AGENDA
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General Issues
Boiler Standards in North America
Water Heater Standards in North America
Installation Codes
Gases used in North America
Efficiency Requirements – Boilers and Water Heaters
Key Evaluations – Pressure Vessels, Sanitation,
Venting, Controls, Wiring/Electrical Components,
Manuals/Markings, NOx, Production Line Testing
 Combination Type Heaters
2
Standards Development and
Maintenance – General Issues
 Standards are in constant revision.
 Committees meet one or more times a year to revise standards
 Base standard plus to addenda’s (a and b addenda) are issued
 The standards have sections within them that identify
requirements unique to either the United States or Canada
 CSA International is not a voting member of a
standards committee.
 Provides technical support
 Suggests revisions to standards
 CSA America (standards division) is secretariat for the ANSI/CSA
gas standards
3
Standards in North America – GasFired Boilers
 ANSI Z21.13/CSA 4.9 – Gas-Fired Low Pressure
Steam and Hot Water Boilers
 Is used for certification in the United States and Canada
 Includes boilers with input ratings up to 12,500,000 Btu/hr (3660
kW)
 Only covers boilers with gas inlet pressure ratings not more than
½ psi (35 mbar)
 Hot water boilers operate at or below 160 psi (11 bar) water
pressure and 250 F (121 C) water temperature
 Requires compliance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section IV (“Heating Boilers”)
4
Standards in North America – GasFired Boilers
 UL 795 – Commercial-Industrial Gas Heating
Equipment
 Certification in the United States only
 Commercial Boilers over 400,000 Btu/Hr (117 kW)
 Covers boilers with gas pressures greater that ½ psi (35 mbar)
 CAN1-3.1 – Industrial and Commercial Gas-Fired
Package Boilers
 Certification for Canada only
 Commercial boilers with gas inlet pressures greater than ½ psi (35
mbar)
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Standards in North America – GasFired Water Heaters
 ANSI Z21.10.3/CSA 4.3 – Gas Water Heaters – Volume
III-Storage Water Heaters With Input Ratings Above
75,000 Btu/Hr, Circulating and Instantaneous
 Covers all instantaneous (Tankless) designs
 Used for Certification in both the United States and Canada
 Does not require ASME Section IV compliance
 ANSI Z21.10.1/CSA 4.1- Gas Water Heaters – Volume
I-Storage Water Heaters With Input Ratings of 75,000
Btu/Hr or Less
 Covers Residential Size Storage Tank Type Heaters
 Used for Certification in both the United States and Canada
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Installation Code Requirements
 ANSI Z223.1/NFPA 54 – National Fuel Gas Code
 United States Only
 Local Codes may be different
 Used by CSA during review of instructions
 ASME CSD-1 – Controls and Safety Devices for
Boilers
 Required by many local code authorities
 Control requirements are different, Specially on boilers with input
ratings over 400,000 Btu/Hr (117kW)
 Many manufacturers offer control packages for boilers being
installed in regions where CSD-1 is required by code authority
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Installation Code Requirements
 CAN/CSA B149.1 – Natural Gas and Propane
Installation Code
 Canada Only
 Local/Provincial Codes may be different
 Used by CSA during review of instructions
 CAN/CSA B149.3 – Code for Field Approval of FuelRelated Components on Appliances and Equipment
 Used by agencies and code authorities to evaluate unlisted
equipment in Canada
 Testing is not part of code.
 CSA International does not certify to this code. We provide field
evaluation of unlisted equipment only
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Installation Code Requirements
 New York – MEA
 Required by New York City to sell products
 CSA International prepares specialized reports
 California Energy Commission (CEC)
 Requires special listing of efficiency ratings for products being
sold into their state.
 The minimum efficiency requirements are the same as the federal
levels in the United States
 CSA International is an approved certification laboratory
 CEC website is: www.energy.ca.gov
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Gases Used in North America
 Natural Gas
 The standards identify natural gas with a nominal
heating value of 1075 Btu/cuft (40.1 MJ/m3) and a
specific gravity of 0.65. Tests are conducted using
local utility supplied gas. Typical heating values may
range from 1000 Btu/cuft to 1100 Btu/cuft.
 Typical Wobbe index values range from 45 to 51
MJ/m3.
 Additional tests for ignition and burner operation are
conducted using Test Gas G Butane-Air or Test Gas H
Propane-Air each with a 1400 Btu/cuft (52.2 MJ/m3)
heating value.
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Gases Used in North America
 Liquefied Petroleum Gases
 Testing for compliance with LPG is conducted using Propane
HD-5 with a nominal heating value of 2500 Btu/cuft (93.1 MJ/m3)
 LPG is a general term defined as a mixture of propane,
propylene, butanes and butylenes.
 Propane HD-5 is defined as grade of LPG consisting of
minimum of 90% liquid propane and a minimum of 5% propylene
 Additional tests for ignition and burner operation are conducted
using Test Gas D Butane with a nominal heating value of 3200
Btu/cuft (119.2 MJ/m3). Certification on butane is not permitted
by the water heater and boiler standards.
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Gases Used in North America
 Heating values used in North America are the gross
or higher heating value of the gas corrected to 60 F
(15.5 C) and 30 inches Hg (1016 mbar).
 Tests are conducted with normal inlet gas pressures
adjusted the following:
Natural Gas – 7.0 inches w.c. (17.4 mbar)
LPG – 11.0 inches w.c. (27.6 mbar)
Additional tests are conducted at reduced and
increased inlet pressures
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Efficiency Requirements – Gas
Boilers
Efficiency requirements for boilers are different for the
United States and Canada.
 United States
 Boilers with input ratings of 300,000 Btu/Hr (88 kW) or more must
comply efficiency requirements in the standard. Hot water boilers
are tested to verify a combustion efficiency within 98% of the
claimed efficiency of the manufacturer but not less than 80%.
Additionally, a thermal efficiency may be conducted at the
discretion of the manufacturer.
- Combustion efficiency is based on a measurement of CO2 and
temperatures in the flue exhaust.
- Thermal efficiency is based a measurement of gas consumption
and water flow over a specified period of time.
 It is anticipated that these requirements will soon be removed from
Z21.13/CSA 4.9 due to recent requirements announced by DOE.
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Efficiency Requirements – Gas
Boilers
 United States
 Boilers with input ratings of 300,000 Btu/Hr (88 kW) or more must
also comply with DOE regulations in 10CFR 31, Subpart E.
 This is not a mandatory test requirement to obtain CSA
Certification.
 The test procedure identified in the regulation is the Hydronics
Institute (HI) division of GAMA standard BTS-2000.
 The test conducted is a combustion efficiency test identical to the
test required in ANSI Z21.13/CSA 4.9
 The minimum efficiency required by the regulation is 80%.
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Efficiency Requirements – Gas
Boilers
 United States:
 Boilers with input ratings below 300,000 Btu/Hr (88 kW) do not
require testing to the requirements in the Z21.13/CSA 4.9 standard.
Certification is provided without any evaluation of efficiency.
 These models must comply United States of Department of Energy
(DOE) 10CFR430. The test is identified in Appendix N to Subpart B
of 10CFR430. The specific test protocol is contained in
ANSI/ASHRAE standard 103-1993- Method of Testing for Annual
Fuel Utilization Efficiency of Residential Central Furnaces and
Boilers.
 Minimum federal level for hot water boilers is 80% Annual Fuel
Utilization Efficiency (AFUE).
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Efficiency Requirements – Gas
Boilers
 United States:
 Boilers with input ratings under 300,000 Btu/hr (88 kW) must be
provided with an EnergyGuide label in accordance with federal
rule 16 CFR Part 305. The label displays anticipated operating
costs on a yearly basis. The Federal Trade Commission website
http://www.ftc.gov contains details of the label requirements.
 Boilers with input ratings under 300,000 Btu/hr (88 kW) are eligible
for Energy Star rating provided that the Annual Fuel Utilization
Efficiency (AFUE) is 85% or greater. Details on energy star are
found on their website http://www.energystar.gov.
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Efficiency Requirements – Gas
Boilers
 Canada:
 Boilers with input ratings of 300,000 Btu/Hr (88 kW) or more must
comply with the requirements in Z21.13/CSA 4.9 with the same
requirements as specified for the United States.
 Boilers with input ratings less than 300,000 Btu/Hr (88 kW) must
comply with CSA P.2 – Testing Method for Measuring Annual Fuel
Utilization Efficiencies of Residential Furnaces and Boilers.
- Minimum Efficiency ratings are established by Natural
Resources Canada (NRCan). Current minimum rating for hot
water boilers is 80% Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency. Their
website is www.nrcan.gc.ca.
- Compliance with this standard is necessary as part of
certification of boilers in Canada.
- An energyguide label is not required by the Canadian
regulations.
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Efficiency Requirements – Gas Water
Heaters
Efficiencies of water heaters are treated differently
for the United States and Canada.
 United States: Not required for certification
 Instantaneous water heaters with input ratings or 200,000 Btu/Hr
(58 kW) or less are subject to federal Department of Energy (DOE)
Requirements, which are identified in 10CFR430. The test
procedures are identified in Appendix E to Subpart B of 10CFR430.
 Minimum federal levels are expressed as an energy factor, which
is the ratio of water consumption and energy consumption over 6
specific water draws. The current minimum level is 0.62 – (0.0019
x rated storage volume in gallons)
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Efficiency Requirements – Gas Water
Heaters
 United States:
 Instantaneous water heaters with input ratings under 200,000
Btu/hr (58 kW) must be provided with an EnergyGuide label in
accordance with federal rule 16 CFR Part 305. The label displays
anticipated operating costs on a yearly basis. The Federal Trade
Commission website http://www.ftc.gov contains details of the
label requirements.
 Instantaneous water heaters with input ratings under 200,000
But/Hr (58 kW) are eligible for Energy Star rating provided that the
tested energy factor is equal to or greater than 0.82. Details on
energy star are found on their website http://www.energystar.gov.
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Efficiency Requirements – Gas Water
Heaters
 United States:
 Instantaneous water heaters with input ratings over 200,000 Btu/Hr
(58 kW) or designed to deliver hot water at temperatures greater
than 180 F (82 C) must meet the requirements outlined by the
Department of Energy (DOE) under 10 CFR Part 431. The test is a
thermal efficiency test. The test procedure is contained in Exhibit
G of ANSI Z21.10.3/CSA 4.3. The current minimum federally
mandated thermal efficiency is 80%.
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Efficiency Requirements – Gas Water
Heaters
 Canada
 Instantaneous water heaters with input ratings greater than
200,000 Btu/Hr must comply with the testing requirements in
Exhibit G – Method of Test for Measuring Thermal Efficiency, in
ANSI Z21.10.3/CSA 4.3.
- The minimum thermal efficiency is 80%.
 Instantaneous water heaters with input ratings of 200,000 Btu/Hr or
less must comply with CAN/CSA P.7 – Testing Method for
Measuring Energy Loss of Gas-Fired Instantaneous Water Heaters
- Minimum federal levels are expressed as an energy factor,
which is the ratio of water consumption and energy
consumption over 6 specific water draws. The current
minimum level is 0.62 – (0.0019 x rated storage volume in
gallons)
- Compliance with this standard is necessary as part of
certification of instantaneous water heaters in Canada
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Efficiency Requirements – Gas Water
Heaters
 Recently, Natural Resources Canada, NRCan
announced changes to the ENERGY STAR program
for instantaneous water heaters in Canada. Features
of the program include:
 Program applies to water heaters with input ratings up to 250,000
Btu/Hr. (73 kW)
 The minimum energy factor needed to qualify for Energy Star
rating in Canada is 0.82.
 The new changes take effect September 1, 2010
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Efficiency Requirements
 For efficiency requirements regulated by the DOE in
the United States, the manufacturer must report
results to the DOE.
 For products covered under 10CFR430, (instantaneous water
heaters under 200,000 btu/hr and boilers under 300,000 Btu/hr) the
manufacturer must submit a compliance report directly to the DOE
and will be subjected to continuous testing to confirm the rating.
The details of this are in Subpart F – Certification and
Enforcement to 10CFR430.
 Most manufacturers will arrange for the testing through the
Hydronics Institute of GAMA. The results are published in their
directory. Their website is: www.gamanet.org
 The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) website is
http://www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index.html
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Key Evaluations in North American
Standards
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Pressure Vessel Requirements – Boilers (ASME)
Sanitation issues for hot water heaters
Venting (Flue System)
Gas Controls
Wiring/electrical components
Instructions/Markings
 French for Canada
 High altitude
 NOx
 Manufacturing And Production Test Plans
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Pressure Vessel Requirements Boilers
 For boilers being certified for the United States,
compliance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code, Section IV (Heating Boilers) is required.
 CSA International cannot provide this approval. ASME (American
Society of Mechanical Engineers) must be contacted for approval
requirements (www.asme.org)
 Evidence of compliance with ASME Section IV must be provided
before certification of a boiler can be provided. The required
ASME mark is the “H” stamp.
 Testing of the boiler can be conducted concurrently with the ASME
process of obtaining the ASME certification.
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Pressure Vessel Requirements Boilers
 For boilers being certified for use in Canada,
compliance with CSA B51 – Boiler, Pressure vessel,
and Pressure Piping code is required.
 Manufacturers in countries other than Canada or the United States
must either obtain the ASME Section IV certification or provide
documentation to any of the 13 Provincial regulatory authorities
that the production of the pressure vessel is in accordance ASME
Section IV.
 The regulatory authority will issue a Canadian Registration
Number (CRN), which is unique to the Province issuing the CRN.
This can be used throughout Canada.
 The nameplate of the pressure vessel must contain both the ASME
mark along with the CRN number.
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Pressure Vessels – Water Heaters
 Pressure vessels of water heaters are not required to
obtain ASME certification or a CRN number in
Canada.
 Storage vessels and water carrying parts may, at the
option of the manufacturer, have certification through
ASME. If not, a hydrostatic pressure test (Section
2.27) at pressures of 2 times the rated working
pressure but not less than 300 psi (20.7 bar) must be
conducted as part of certification.
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Sanitation Concerns – Water Heaters
 Manufacturers are required to supply evidence to the
certifying agency that materials in contact with
potable (drinking) water are suitable for food contact
surfaces. This evidence may include:
 Verification that the design is compliant with sanitation standards
including NSF/ANSI 5 covering water heaters.
 Sanitation approvals to standards outside of North America
 A list of materials in contact with water along with their
composition that can be used to evaluate suitability against NSF
standards 51 and 61.
 Report on toxicity or equivalent from a suitable chemical
laboratory
28
Venting Issues
 Venting requirements on boilers is based on
Category rating of appliance. This will also be
required on water heaters in the near future.
 Category determination is based on pressures,
temperatures in a test vent. As a result of this test,
the following categories are determined:
 Category I – Negative Vent Pressure/Non-condensing
 Category II – Negative Vent Pressure/Condensing
 Category III - Positive Vent Pressure/Non-condensing
 Category IV - Positive Vent Pressure/Condensing
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Venting Issues
 Category I boilers typically vented vertically and are
equipped with draft hoods
 Category II and IV boilers are condensing type
 Category IV typically are vented with plastic pipe
 Category II and IV boilers must be designed to dispose of
condensate
 Category III boilers typically vented horizontally using
listed metallic vent systems
 Direct vent boilers and outdoor installation boilers do
not have a category.
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Venting Issues
 Vent systems of Category II, III, IV and direct vent
appliances can be provided with the appliance or the
manufacturer can specify that the appliance be tested
with a commercially available vent system. Typical
vents available in North America include:
 Plastic – PVC, CPVC, ABS – used on Category IV Condensing
models
 Listed metallic vent systems – used on Category III Models
 The manufacturer must specify both the minimum
and maximum vent and/or air intake pipe lengths
when submitting a boiler or water heater for test that
is intended to be vented horizontally.
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Venting Issues
 Evaluation of vent systems used on Category II, III, IV
and direct vent appliances is based on the follow
criteria:
 If the vent system is listed and the temperatures in the vent during
test do not exceed temperature ratings for the vent, it is
acceptable. The venting System Standards in North America are:
- UL 1738 – Venting Systems for Gas Burning Appliances Category II, III and IV (United States)
- ULC S636 – Standard for Type BH Gas Venting Systems
(Canada)
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Venting Issues
 Plastic vent systems (PVC,CPVC,ABS, etc.) are
evaluated as follows:
 For Canadian approval, plastic vent systems must be approved to
Canadian Venting system standard, ULC S636. This is required by
Canadian Installation code, CSA B149.1.
 Temperatures are recorded on the vent material during operation
of the water heater or boiler. Temperature limits on typical North
America plastic material is as follows:
- PVC – 158 F (70 C)
- CPVC – 210 F (100 C)
- ABS – 180 F (82 C)
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Venting Issues
 For products being certified for the United States
only:
 For unlisted plastic materials and materials other than PVC, ABS,
CPVC, the water heater and boiler standards are being revised to
require that the material be evaluated for corrosion resistance to
condensate requirement to the requirements in the venting system
standards.
 Consideration for approval of the vent system to standards
outside of the United States as a means of accepting the vent can
be given.
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Venting Issues
 Metallic Vent Systems are evaluated as follows:
 Listed vent systems are accepted if the temperatures of the vent
gases recorded during appliance testing are less than the rated
temperature of the listed system.
 For unlisted metallic vent systems, the water heater and boiler
standards are being revised to require that the material be
evaluated for corrosion resistance to condensate requirement in
the venting system standards.
 Consideration for approval of the vent system to standards
outside of the United States as a means of accepting the vent can
be given.
35
Controls
 Controls used on water heaters and boilers are
accepted on the following basis:
 Controls are certified to the appropriate controls standards in
North America
 Unlisted Controls are accepted in application on the basis of:
- Satisfactory testing of the control to the safety test
requirements in the applicable North American Control standard
- The appliance manufacturer must assume responsibility for the
production quality control requirements of the control either by
conducting the required production line tests or by setting up a
system with the control manufacturer to validate the production
tests conducted by the controls manufacturer.
- CSA International reserves the right to inspect the production
facility of the controls manufacturer.
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Controls
 North American Control Standards referenced in the
water heater and boilers standards include:
 Ignition Systems/burner controls – ANSI Z21.20/CSA C22.2 No.
199/UL 372
 *Automatic Gas Valves/Safety Shutoff Valves – ANSI
Z21.21/CSA6.5
 *Manual Gas Valves – ANSI Z21.15/CSA 9.1
 *Thermostats – ANSI Z21.23, CSA C22.2 No. 24 or UL 873
 Temperature Limits
- Limits typically certified to ANSI/UL 353 (US) and CSA C22.2 No.
24 (Canada)
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controls
 Low Water Cutoff Devices – ANSI/UL 353 (US) and CSA C22.2 No.
24 (Canada) (Boilers only)
 *Gas Regulators – ANSI Z21.18/CSA 6.3
 Relief Valves
- Water Heaters – ANSI Z21.22/CSA 4.4
- Boilers - ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IV
(Heating Boilers) and CSA B51 – Boiler, Pressure vessel, and
Pressure Piping code
 * - May be combined in one control body listed to ANSI Z21.78/CSA
6.20 – Combination Controls
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Controls – Special Considerations
 Programmable Controls
 CSA International is working with partners to combine efforts to
minimize testing and evaluation of software related controls.
 The water heater and boilers standards require compliance with
various component standards which have software requirements
imbedded in them.
 The gas appliance standards in North America are discussing
upgrades to address operating features on appliances that are not
addressed in control standards. Operations that were previously
controlled by mechanical devices are more often being replaced
by electronic signals from devices being analyzed by a
programmable type control. These operations are currently being
evaluated for EN approval.
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Controls – Special Considerations
 CSA International evaluation of programmable
controls is based on the following considerations:
 Recently approved standard ANSI Z21.20/CSA C22.2 No. 199/UL
372-2007- Automatic Electrical Controls for Household and Similar
Use Part 2: Particular Requirements for Automatic Burner Ignition
Systems and Components, has adapted IEC 60730-2-5 with the
major exception that software evaluation is conducted using
ANSI/UL 1998.
 ANSI/UL 1998 adapted the contents of Annex H in IEC 60730-2-5
 Designs complying with ANSI Z21.20/CSA C22.2 No. 199/UL 3722007 have satisfied software evaluation requirements. However,
compliance with this standard is not required until 2012.
40
Controls – Special Considerations
 Controls not evaluated to the new ignitions system
standard Z21.20/CSA C22.2 No. 199/UL 372-2007,
must be evaluated to the following standards:
 In the United States the 2005 edition of ANSI Z21.20 is used. This
standard specifies software evaluation using UL 1998.
 Controls for Canada are tested to old edition of CSA C22.2 No. 199,
which did not contain software coverage. Because of this CSA
International as published an internal standard for software
evaluation, CSA TIL H18A for products being certified for Canada.
 TIL H18A incorporates software requirements contained in ANSI
Z21.20/CSA C22.2 No. 199/UL 372-2007. The TIL was developed to
bridge the gap until the 2012 effective date for ANSI Z21.20/CSA
C22.2 No. 199/UL 372-2007. It had an effective date of August
2008.
41
Controls – Special Considerations
 CSA also uses CSA C22.2 No. 0.8 – Safety Functions
Incorporating Electronic Technology when evaluating
features of limit controls to ANSI/UL 353. This
evaluation includes additional software evaluation
using UL 1998.
42
Controls – Special Considerations
 Designs complying with EN 298 that have been
evaluated by a CSA Partner, must be evaluated as
follows for compliance with the North America
standards.
 Construction of the device must be compared to the North
American Standard
 A portion of the performance cycling testing must be conducted.
The balance of the testing is extended from evaluations conducted
for the EN approval of the control
 Currently, CSA International will accept the software
evaluation conducted by qualified CSA Partners
43
Controls – Special Considerations
 Relief Valve Requirements
 Water Heaters
- Relief valve is not required to be supplied by the water heater
manufacturer. Instructions must be provided on the proper
installation of the relief valve. Instantaneous type water heaters
only are required to be provided with pressure relief valves, not
pressure and temperature relief valves.
 Boilers
- Pressure relief valves compliant with the Pressure vessel codes
are required on hot water boilers.
 Low Water Cutoffs
 Low water cutoff devices to sense low water level in a boiler are
required on steam boilers but not on hot water boilers. However,
installation codes and ASME CSD-1 require that these devices be
provided at installation of a boiler.
44
Controls – Electrical
 Electrical Evaluation:
 United States – Electrical requirements are contained in the water
heater and boiler standards.
 Canada – The electrical requirements are contained in CAN/CSA
C22.2 No.3, Electrical Features of Fuel-Burning Equipment.
 Major differences in the two requirements include:
- Definition of voltage in the Canadian standard is different than
that defined in water heater and boiler standards.
- The nominal supply voltage of a safety control circuit shall not
exceed 120 V.
45
Controls – Electrical
 Electrical codes, NEC and CEC are not used in the
evaluation. These codes exclude listed products and
are typically used for installation purposes only.
 National Electrical Code – NFPA 70 – (United States)
 Canadian Electrical Code – CSA C22.1 (Canada)
 Certification to the water heater and boiler standards
are for ordinary locations only. Hazardous locations
approval is not addressed in these standards.
46
Controls – Electrical
 Electrical Controls:
 Motors, switches, lamp holders, etc, are accepted on the basis of:
- Listing to North American standards
- Review of application. Is control in a safety circuit? Is it a
Class 2 circuit? Is there a listed safety device in the circuit?
- It may be necessary to conduct limited testing on electrical
components as part of their acceptance.
 Wiring
- Line voltage (120 VAC, 60 Hz) and low voltage safety circuit
wiring 30 VAC or less) must be 18 AWG (0.82 mm2)
- Low voltage, non-safety circuit wiring that is not 18 AWG may
be accepted on the basis that it is in a non-safety circuit, is
suitable for the electrical load and is adequately
supported/protected from damage.
47
Instructions and Markings
 Quoted Text Requirements
 Instruction manual and marking requirements within the standards
that are in quotes must have the same wording in manufacturers
instructions and markings.
 Marking material tests
 The standards require that marking materials (paper, adhesive,
ink) be tested in accordance with tests in the standards or be
listed markings systems to ANSI/UL 569 – Marking and labeling
Systems or CSA C 22.2 No. 0.15 - Standard for Adhesive Labels.
 French in Canada
 Markings and instructions must be translated for boilers and water
heaters being certified for Canada. The translated material must
be provided before CSA certification in Canada can be granted.
48
High Altitude Requirements
 Normal altitude is considered anything up to and
including 2000 ft (610 m). Above this is considered
high altitude.
 High altitude - United States
 United States – Installations over 2000 ft. are covered by the
National Fuel Gas code, ANSI Z223.1/NFPA 54. The code requires
that products be derated by 4% per 1000 ft. related back to sea
level. (Installation at 3000 ft are derated 12%)
 It is not necessary for the manufacturer to address high altitude
concerns in the United States as part of certification to the water
heater and boiler standards.
49
High Altitude Requirements
 High Altitude – Canada
 High Altitude must comply with the applicable requirements of
CAN/CCA 2.17, Standard for Gas-Fired Appliances for Use at High
Altitudes.
 The standard covers altitudes up to 4,500 ft (1372 m)
 Many manufacturers declare a derate from normal altitude (2000 ft)
to 4500 ft.
 Manufacturers have the option of obtaining certification for
altitudes only up to 2000 ft (610 m)
 Over 4500 ft, installations in Canada are covered by the installation
code, CSA B149.1 The derate requirement is the same as in the
United States.
 Compliance with the CAN/CGA 2.17 standard is required for
certification of boilers and water heaters in Canada.
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High Altitude Requirements
 CSA offers specialized testing at high altitude
locations up to approximately 10,000 ft (3048 m).
 This testing will assist manufacturers looking to
establish specific operation of appliances at altitude
different than specified in the installation codes.
 Manufacturers with products that do not need to be derated using
the requirements specified in the installation codes (4% per 1000
ft)
 Typically the installation instructions are modified to include the
specific requirements for operation of a particular appliance at
various high altitudes
 Local installers and code inspectors will use these instructions
when reviewing a particular installation.
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NOx Requirements
 Measurement of NOx is not required by the water
heater and boiler standards in North America.
Compliance with separate standards is required to
sell the appliance into certain locations, most notably
California. The agency controlling the program is the
South Coast Air Quality Management District
(SCAQMD).
 Their website is www.aqmd.gov/
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NOx Requirements
 The standard used by the SCAQMD is Rule 1146.2 –
Emissions of Oxides of Nitrogen from Large Water
heaters and Small Boilers and Process Heater
 Products covered by the Rule include:
- TYPE 1 UNIT - any water heater, boiler or process heater with a
rated heat input less than or equal to 400,000 BTU per hour (117
kW) excluding tank type water heaters.
- TYPE 2 UNIT - any water heater, boiler or process heater with a
rated heat input greater than 400,000 BTU per hour up to and
including 2,000,000 BTU per hour. (732 kW)
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NOx Requirements
 Currently, emissions on Type 2 units is must be less
than or equal to 30 ppm of NOx emissions (at 3% O2,
dry)
 After January 1, 2010, Type 2 unit are limited to a NOx
emission level of less than 14 nanograms of NOx
(calculated as NO2) per joule of heat output or less
than or equal to 20 ppm of NOx emissions (at 3% O2,
dry).
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NOx Requirements
 Currently, emissions on Type 1 units must be less
than or equal to 40 nanograms of NOx calculated as
NO2) per joule (93 lb per billion Btu) of heat output or
55 ppm NOx emissions (at 3% O2, dry)
 After January 1, 2012, Type 1 unit NOx emission level
are reduced 14 nanograms of NOx (calculated as
NO2) per joule of heat output or less than or equal to
20 ppm of NOx emissions (at 3% O2, dry).
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NOx Requirements
 NOx Emmisions are the sum of nitrogen oxide and
nitrogen dioxide in the flue gas, collectively
expressed as nitrogen dioxide.
 Report from an approved testing laboratory, such as
CSA International, detailing the results of the testing
to the 1146.2 Rule must be provided to the SQAQMD
as evidence of compliance.
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Manufacturing and Production Tests
 Both the water heater and boiler standards require
that the manufacturer submit a plan to the certifying
agency outlining the quality control procedures used
in the production of the listed appliance. This plan
must address, at a minimum, the following items:
 Procedures for receiving both raw materials (steel, etc) and
purchased parts (burners, valves, etc.). These procedures must
detail the level of inspection conducted by the manufacturer
 Procedures for the conduct of the operation of safety controls on
each model produced.
 Procedures on the inspection of the heat exchanger and pressure
vessels
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Manufacturing and Production Tests
 Procedures on the dielectric withstand testing of 100% of
production.
 Procedures on verifying burner operation on 100% of production.
 Procedures for leak testing gas carrying portions of 100% of
production
 In addition to the verification tests on all production, the
manufacturer is also required to provide procedures detailing
method of conducting the following tests:
- Burner Operating Characteristics (flashback)
- Proper operation of the ignition system – Verify shutdown of
flame safety system
- Combustion Tests – CO and CO2 emissions
- Flame Rollout Safety Means – Boilers only
- Hot Water Limit Test – Boilers only
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Manufacturing and Production Tests
 With regards to these tests, the manufacturer must provide the
following:
- The frequency of these tests. How often are samples taken
from production line and tested
- The procedures for conducting the tests. At a minimum, testing
must be conducted in a “as produced” condition
- Forms used to record the data
- Test equipment used to conduct the tests
 The plan is reviewed prior to completion of certification.
 The plan is used by CSA inspectors during the periodic inspection
of production
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Combination Water Heaters/Boilers
 Coverage in the water heater standard is being
developed to handle combination appliances.
 Combination appliances cannot be used for space heating only
 If appliance has separate space heating and water heating circuits:
- Appliance must be marked with the working pressure of both
the space heating and potable water heating circuits
- The space heating circuit must comply with hydrostatic
pressure test of 2 times working pressure of space heating
circuit but not less than 30 psi (2 bar)
 There are no efficiency requirements established for combination
appliances. Combination appliances certified as a water heater
must comply with the efficiency requirements as a water heater.
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Combination Water Heaters/Boilers
 A combination appliance can only be classified as a
water heater if the primary heat exchanger directly
heats potable water. Proposed definition is as
follows:
 Combination Water / Space Heater. A water heater that heats
potable water directly within the appliance, and may be connected
to provide space heating either directly or indirectly for
distributing heated fluid to either a fan coil or similar appliance for
space heating purposes. The design is such that the heating fluid
temperature cannot exceed 210 F (99 C) under any circumstances
during normal operation of the water heater.
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Combination Water Heaters/Boilers
 The following sketch depicts an appliance that must
be classified as a boiler since the primary heat
exchanger is intended for space heating circuit only
Combination water
heater/boiler
Primary Heat
Exchanger
w/burner
Secondary
Heat
Exchanger
for potable
water
Space
Heating
water inlet
and outlet
Potable
water inlet
and outlet
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Combination Water Heaters/Boilers
 A combination appliance that indirectly heats potable
water cannot be classified as a water heater. It must
be a boiler and meet the ASME pressure vessel
requirements.
 There has been no coverage proposed in the
Z21.13/CSA 4.9 boiler standard for combination
appliances.
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Combination Water Heaters/Boilers
 A combination appliance that is being certified to the
boiler standard must have the potable (Sanitary)
water circuit evaluated to portions of the water heater
standard. This evaluation includes:
 Materials must be suitable for sanitary purposes
 The design must limit the outlet water temperature from the




sanitary circuit to no more than 210 F (99 C)
During normal operation, the outlet water temperature shall not
exceed 200 F
The sanitary circuit complies with a hydrostatic pressure 2 times
the working pressure of the circuit
The required wording in the installation instructions from the
water heater standard regarding chemical treatment of boiler
circuit water must be included (Section 1.30.5 of Z21.10.3/CSA 4.3)
Pressure relief valve is needed on sanitary circuit
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QUESTIONS
 Email address is:
 [email protected]
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