Laboratory Medicine and Its Contribution to Clinical Care
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Transcript Laboratory Medicine and Its Contribution to Clinical Care
LABORATORY MEDICINE AND
ITS CONTRIBUTION TO
CLINICAL CARE; A HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVE
Laurette Geldenhuys
Dalhousie University
CDHA, Halifax
Declaration of Conflict of Interest
None
Objectives
At the end of the presentation participants will have
an enhanced understanding of
The
historical development of laboratory medicine,
including
Surgical
Pathology
Cytopathology
Autopsy Pathology
The
important role of laboratory medicine in the
advancement of clinical care over the last century
Egyptian Era
Edwin Smith Papyrus –
17th century BCE
Papyrus Ebers – 1550
BCE
Bone injury
Trachoma
Ulcerating lumps –
cancer?
Parasites
Greek Era
Hippocrates of Cos –
460 – 370 BCE
Humoural theory of the
nature of disease
Crab-like growth of
cancer
Inflammation
Haemorrhoids
Malaria
Tuberculosis
Roman Era
Cornelius Celsus – 30
BCE – 38 CE
De Re Medicina –
1478 – first medical
book ever printed
“Notae vero
inflammationis sunt
quatuor, rubor et tumor,
cum calore et dolore”
Roman Era
Galen
129 – 201 CE
Pergamus, Asia Minor
Temple of Asclepius
500 books
Seats of Disease;
Abnormal Tumours
Sarcoma – raw meat
Bloodletting
Fifth sign of
inflammation – loss of
function/throbbing
Humoural theory
Four elements and
humours
Fire
– yellow bile
Earth – black bile
Water – phlegm
Air – blood
Four qualities
Hot,
dry, wet, cold
Arab Medicine
Avicenna – 980 –
1037 CE
Canon Medicinae
Influenced by Galen
Europe
Monasteries
Italian universities
Pathology as a Specialty
Antonio Benivieni –
1443 – 1502
Florence
Case histories, autopsies
De Abditis Nunnullis ac
Mirandis Morborum et
Sanctionum Causis –
About the Hidden
Causes of Disease
Terms “Pathology” and Physiology”
Jean Fernel – 1497 –
1558
Paris
Morbis Universalibus
Blood circulation
William Harvey –
1578 – 1657
De Motu Cordis et
Sanguinis
Demise of humoural
theory
Microscope
Hans and Sacharias
Janssen – 1580 –
1638
Robert Hooke – 1635
– 1703 – cell
Antony van
Leeuwenhoek – 1632
– 1723
Giovanni Batista Morgagni
1682 – 1771
De Sedibus et Causis Morborum per Anatomen
Indagatis – About the Seats and Causes of Disease
Through Anatomical Investigation
640 autopsies, clinicopathologic correlation
Colposcopy
Sinus of Morgagni; Columns of Morgagni; Foramina
of Morgagni; Hydatid of Morgagni; Morgagni's
hernia