Transcript Volcanoes
By Mrs. Raines Interactive Lesson A volcano is shaped like a mountain constructed from lava and/or pyroclastics. They erupt when “magma is generated by partial melting of the rock peridotite in the upper mantle to form magma with a basaltic composition”, ultimatly resulting in “buoyant molten rock will rise toward the surface” (Foundations of Earth Science). When a volcano erupts, pyroclastic materials spew out of the vent. A series of volcanoes that align around the edge of the pacific plate is called The Ring of Fire. Volcanoes can have a status of active, dormant, or extinct. Different types of volcanoes: strato and shield. Found at tensional boundaries. Gentle eruptions with fluid lava. Cone is shape of volcano with it being wide and low, also having a gentle slope. (Geography). BBC- GCSE Bitesize. Strato and Shield Volcanoes. [Images]. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography /natural_hazards/volcanoes_rev3.shtml Found at compressional boundaries. Pyroclastic flow with high speeds of flow. Have a cone shape with differentiating layers of ash and lava (Geography). BBC- GCSE Bitesize. Strato and Shield Volcanoes. [Images]. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography /natural_hazards/volcanoes_rev3.shtml Lava- Magma that reaches Earth’s surface. Mantle- The 2900-kilometer- (1800mile-) thick layer of Earth located below the crust. Crust- The very thin outermost layer of Earth. Magma- A body of molten rock found at depth, including any dissolved gases and crystals. Pyroclastic Materials- The volcanic rock ejected during an eruption, including ash, bombs, and blocks. Vent- a conduit (pipe) that connects a magma chamber to a volcanic crater. Crater- The depression at the summit of a volcano. Conduit (pipe)- A pipelike opening through which magma moves toward Earth’s surface. It terminates at a surface opening called a vent. Active- erupt often Dormant- inactive but not considered extinct Extinct- Has no future of erupting. Shield Volcano- A broad, gently sloping volcano built from fluid basaltic lavas. Has the appearance of a dome shield. Strato Volcano- also referred to as composite cone, a volcano comprised of both lava flows and pyroclastic material. Has the appearance of a cone. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZp1dNy bgfc Click on the link above to watch a video on volcanoes. Mount St. Helens Shadow. (National Geographic). Erta Ale Volcano, Ethiopia. (National Geographic). Puu Oo Vent on Mount Kilauea, Hawaii. (National Geographic). Using what you know, label the diagram using the words available, on a sheet of paper: Ash cloud magma chamber conduit side vent vent crust lava A D B E F C G Label the Volcano Diagram, [Media of image: diagram]. Retrieved from http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/volcano/labelvolcano.shtml A. Ash Cloud B. Side Vent C. Crust D. Vent E. Lava F. Conduit G. Magma Chamber Here is a fun, at home experiment about constructing your own volcano and causing it to erupt. Click the link to access the site. Have parent approval before doing the experiment. http://thehappyhousewife.com/homemanagement/how-to-build-a-volcanomodel/#_a5y_p=1226050 BBC- GCSE Bitesize. Strato and Shield Volcanoes. [Images]. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography /natural_hazards/volcanoes_rev3.shtml Geography: Volcanoes and volcanic eruptions. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/natural _hazards/volcanoes_rev3.shtml Label the Volcano Diagram, [Diagram]. Retrieved from http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subje cts/volcano/labelvolcano.shtml Lucero, Jasmine. (2013). How to Build a Volcano Model. Retrieved from http://thehappyhousewife.com/home-management/how-to-build-a-volcanomodel/#_a5y_p=1226050 Lutgens, F. K. Tarbuck, E. J. & Tasa, D. (2005). Chapter 7, Fires Within: Igneous Activity. Foundations of Earth Science (pp. 206-235). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc, Pearson Prentice Hall. National Geographic (Producer). (2008). Volcano 101. [Streaming video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZp1dNybgfc National Geographic. Steinmetz, George. (2012). Erta Ale Volcano, Ethiopia [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/photography/photo-of-the-day/erta-alesteinmetz/ National Geographic. Cook, Diane. & Jenshel, Len. (2010). Mount St. Helens Shadow [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/photography/photo-of-theday/mount-st-helens-shadow/ National Geographic. Lowry, Bryan. (2009). Puu Oo Vent on Mount Kilauea [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/photography/photo-of-the-day/puu-oo-ventpod/