Transcript Lecture 1: Introduction to Health Informatics

Lecture 1:
Introduction to
Health Informatics
Sharifah Mastura Syed Mohamad
[email protected]
Ext.: 3823
The School of Health Sciences
Universiti Sains Malaysia
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Lecture 1: Objectives
1. Formulate a clear, practical
definition of health
informatics
2. Define information, ICT and
health informatics literacy
3. Identify key literacy terms
and components
4. Discuss the skill required
for information literacy,
computer literacy and HI
literacy.
5. Apply HI literacy skills to
health care setting.
The School of Health Sciences
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Universiti Sains Malaysia
Defining Health Informatics
• Health Informatics is the science that uses
information to improve health care [1].
• Health informatics is an interdisciplinary field that
applies technology and information to enhance
health care delivery, support biomedical
research, and foster education of health
professionals and the public [2].
• HI is the study of how health data, information,
and knowledge are collected, stored, processed,
communicated, and used to support the process
of health care delivery to clients and providers,
administrators, and organizations involved in
health care delivery.
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Defining Informatics
Informatics as a
crossroads where
information,
ICT,
knowledge and
wisdom
meet.
Professional
knowledge
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Information literacy
“Information is data that
have meaning. It can be
presented in any medium
(text, lists or graphics) in
the manner that the end
user prefers” [1]
Access and delivery
methods
library  electronic.
Static information
- info that remains
the same after
publication.
Dynamic information
– info that always
change to keep
current.
http://www.kck.usm.my/pustaka/
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Information literacy (cont.)
Critical thinking skills
• negotiate the information jungle
• identify the best resources
• use the knowledge gained
Cognitive skills
• Concentration and Attention
• Comprehension and Interpretation
• Evaluation and Synthesis
• Application and Analysis
• Generalization and Abstraction
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http://www.lib.csusb.edu/TIJ/
Information literacy (cont.)
Ability to
identify
an information need,
locate
pertinent information,
evaluate
the information, and
apply
it correctly.
Develop need statement
Identifying terms
Search strategies
Identify resources
Credibility, Accuracy
Bias, Currency
Relevancy, Usability
Organizing
Managing, using
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Practical 2: WWW, E-mail, E-Journals, Education Web Site
ICT literacy
ICT – Computer,
communication
and multimedia
technologies that
can be used to
receive, process,
store, display and
disseminate
information.
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ICT Infrastructure: HW, SW, Storage and Network
ICT literacy
Ability to acquire and
apply a basic
understanding of
current ICT hardware
systems and software
applications to a
problem in a particular
work or personal
setting.
Practical 3 – 12: OS, Word processing, Spreadsheet,
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Database, Presentation and Graphic
Fluency with Information
Technology (FITness [3])
1. Foundation concepts
concerning how
technology works
2. Contemporary skills
using computer
applications
3. Intellectual ability to
apply that knowledge
and adapt to change
through life long
learning
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Professional knowledge
Provide health
care services
results from
education and
experience.
Biomedicine
Dietetics
Nursing
Forensic Science
Medical Radiation
Exercise & Sports Science
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Audiology
Speech Pathology
Nutrition
Health informatics literacy
The application
of information
literacy, ICT
literacy, and the
professional
knowledge
during the
delivery of health
care services.
Professional
knowledge
Facilitate the delivery of efficient,
cost effective, high-quality care.
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People in HI
HI involves people with diverse
backgrounds and training:
• Clinical – needs information that
suitable in caring for patients
• Nonclinical (Educators, adminstrators,
scientists) – need relevant data and
information to perform their duties
• Information science – IT professionals
use computing technologies to
manage information within an
organization  fulfill need and
requirements of other end users
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Examples: Applications in basic research
Human Genome Project – Scientists
used fundamental research methods
and techniques to map the complete
human genome
 Provide enormous opportunity to
understand human body in ways not
previously possible
 Relied heavily on IT to sort and
manage the data to map human
genome
 Ability to identify and treat human
disease
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Examples: Applications on
institutional level
Mobile access to clinical and
medical information anywhere
and anytime by using handheld
computers such as Palm or
Pocket PC devices
More information refer to www.mercurymd.com
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More examples
Clinical decision support system
– designed to help practitioners
make informed patient care
decisions based on both patientspecific information and the
latest research findings.
Pharmacists – computerized
order entry
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Examples: Applications in HUSM
Hospital Information
System (HIS):
- LIFELINE
- Sistem Maklumat
Drug & Ubatubatan
Lab. Info. Sys (LIS):
- Pathology Online
Report System
- Haematology LIS
- Blood Transfusion LIS
Interface system for
laboratory equipments &
clinical :
- Flowcytometer System
- Chemistry Analyser System
- Linear Accelerator System
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Examples: Applications in HUSM
Picture Archiving &
Communication System
(PACS)
CTScan Image Processing
System
Radiology PACS
Decission Support System
(DSS) & Artificial Intelligence
System (AI)
- Pathology Diagnosis Support
Sys.
- Antibiotics Selection Sys.
- Health Geographical Info. Sys.
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Homework – self evaluation
1. Draft your own definition of health informatics.
2. Check with at least one online resources to
compare your understanding of the term with
other published definitions on the internet.
3. Briefly describe the history of health
informatics.
4. Describe a scenario demonstrating how you
might apply health informatics literacy in your
discipline.
5. List several ways that you will continue to
develop health informatics literacy now and in
the future.
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HI resources
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References
[1] Hersh, WR. Medical Informatics: Improving
health care through information. JAMA.
2002;288(16)
[2] Felkey GF, Fox BI and Thrower. Health Care
Informatics: A skill-based resource. APhA,
2006:p.4.
[3] Englebardt & Nelson. Health Care
Informatics: An Interdisciplinary approach.
Mosby. 2006:p.41.
Sharifah Mastura Syed Mohamad
PPSK, USM. Dec. 2006
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