Transcript Slide 1

CyberGIS Progress and Perspectives in the
Context of USGS
E. Lynn Usery
[email protected]
U.S. Department of the Interior
U.S. Geological Survey
http://cegis.usgs.gov
Outline
USGS needs for CyberGIS
The National Map and other USGS datasets
Progress to date
Perspective for the future of CyberGIS at USGS
3DEP
Alaska
Maps and analysis on demand
Some example problems for CyberGIS
Conclusions
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USGS Needs for CyberGIS
Multiple nationwide datasets at high resolution
Complex calculations for geospatial data
Integration of multiple datasets
Creating Resource Description Framework (RDF) and
semantics from legacy USGS datasets in geodatabase
and image formats
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Current State
Layer-based approach
Generation of new topographic maps – US Topo
3 year cycle; 18,000 maps per year, 100 maps per day
Viewer access with display, download, mashups with
other data
Problems – rapid display and delivery; relies on tile
cache scheme
Uses single CPU computer technology
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Geometry/
Format
Attribution/
Scaling
National Hydrography Dataset (NHD)
National Transportation Dataset
Vector
Vector; tables
Discrete/nominal
Discrete/nominal
National Boundaries Dataset
National Structures Dataset
Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
National Elevation Dataset (NED)
Vector
Vector
Vector
Raster
Discrete/nominal
Discrete/nominal
Discrete/nominal
Continuous/ratio
National Digital Orthophotos
Raster
National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD)
Raster
Continuous/
interval
Discrete/nominal
Global Land Cover Dataset
LiDAR
Satellite images
Hazards (Earthquakes, Volcanoes)
Minerals
Raster
Point
Raster
Graphics
Vector; text
Discrete/nominal
Continuous/ratio
Continuous/interval
Multiple forms
Discrete/nominal
Energy
Landscapes and Coasts
Astrogeology
Geologic Map Database
Geologic Data Digital Data Series
National Water Information System
Floods and High Flow
Drought
Monthly Stream Flow
Ground Water
Water Quality
National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII)
Vegetation Characterization
Wildlife
Vector; databases
Reports
Databases
Vector; maps; text
Maps; tables
Graphics; tables
Graphics; tables
Graphics; tables
Graphics; tables
Vector; tables;
Graphics
Graphics; vector;
geodatabases
Vector; databases
Vector; text;video
Multiple forms
Discrete/nominal
Discrete/nominal
Discrete/nominal
Discrete/nominal
Continuous/ratio
Continuous/ratio
Continuous/ratio
Continuous/ratio
Continuous/ratio
Continuous/ratio
Multiple forms
http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/nhd.html?p=nhd
http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/
http://gisdata.usgs.net/website/MRLC/viewer.htm
http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/
http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/
http://geonames.usgs.gov/domestic/download_data.htm
http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/
http://seamless.usgs.gov/website/seamless/viewer.htm
http://www.ndop.gov/data.html; http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/
http://gisdata.usgs.net/website/MRLC/viewer.htm
http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/
http://gisdata.usgs.net/website/MRLC/viewer.htm
http://landcover.usgs.gov/landcoverdata.php
http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/
http://edcsns17.cr.usgs.gov/NewEarthExplorer/; http://glovis.usgs.gov/
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/; http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/activity/status.php
http://mrdata.usgs.gov/; http://tin.er.usgs.gov/mrds/
http://tin.er.usgs.gov/geochem/; http://crustal.usgs.gov/geophysics/index.html
http://energy.usgs.gov/search.html
http://geochange.er.usgs.gov/info/holdings.html
http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/DataAndInformation/
http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/
http://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-060/
http://wdr.water.usgs.gov/nwisgmap/
http://waterwatch.usgs.gov/new/index.php?id=ww
http://waterwatch.usgs.gov/new/index.php?id=ww
http://waterwatch.usgs.gov/new/index.php?id=ww
http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/gw/; http://groundwaterwatch.usgs.gov/
http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/qw/; http://waterwatch.usgs.gov/wqwatch/
http://www.nbii.gov/portal/server.pt/community/nbii_home/236
Multiple forms
Multiple forms
http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/
http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/
Invasive Species
Vector; databases; Multiple forms
graphics, image
Dataset
URL
http://www.nbii.gov/portal/server.pt/community/invasive_species/221
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The 8 Layers of The National Map
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Datasets of The National Map
National Land Cover Dataset (1992, 2000, 2006, 2011 in work)
National Elevation Dataset (1,1/3,1/9 arc-sec)
National Digital Orthophoto Dataset (multiple dates, multiple
resolutions, 1 m, 1/3 m urban areas)
National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) (Medium, High, Local
resolution)
Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
National Structures Dataset
National Boundaries Dataset (US, state, county, minor civil
divisions, governmental units)
National Transportation Dataset (TIGER and others)
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Progress to date – Focus on complex
computation for map projections
pRasterBlaster development continuing
pRasterBlaster Version 1.0 released 01 April 2012
Identified two substantive I/O bottlenecks
pRasterBlaster Version 1.5 soon (fix identified bottlenecks;
parallel I/O Library)
Iterative testing
mapIMG 4.0 (dRasterBlaster -- to be released this fall)
Library of core functions shared by both dRasterBlaster &
pRasterBlaster (libRasterBlaster -- almost complete)
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Progress to date – Data Availability for
CyberGIS
National Elevation Dataset
Current 10 m resolution available for access through
cyberGIS
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Perspective for the future of CyberGIS at USGS
National Enhanced Elevation Assessment (NEAA)
http://nationalmap.gov/3DEP/neea.html
The results of the assessment indicate that a national-level
enhanced-elevation-data program has the potential to
generate from $1.2 billion to $13 billion in new benefits
annually.
Review of and feedback on 3DEP: program recommendation
of Quality Level 2 data and 8 year cycle
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NEEA Quality Levels
Elevation Quality Source Point Nominal Pulse DEM Post
Levels (QL)
Density Spacing (NPS) Spacing (arc(pts/m2)
(m)
sec, m)
Vertical
RMSEz
(cm)
Equivalent
Contour
Accuracy (ft)
QL1
lidar
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0.35
1/27, ~1
9.25
1
QL2
lidar
2
0.7
1/27, ~2
9.25
1
QL3
lidar
1 - 0.25
1-2
1/9, ~3
≤ 18.5
2
QL4
images
0.04
5
1/3, ~10
46.3 - 139
5 - 15
QL5
IfSar
0.04
5
1/3, ~10
92.7 - 185
10 - 20
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Current Status of the Nation’s Elevation Data
NEEA Inventory Results
Map depicts public sources of LiDAR in all states
plus IfSAR data in Alaska
1996 -2011
28% coverage -49 states
15% coverage –Alaska
30+ year replacement cycle
Program is well coordinated
–less than 10% overlap of
coverage
Data quality variable
Why is this a problem?
Remaining 72% coverage
is 30 or more years old.
Alaska –very poor quality
Meets 10% of reported
needs
Current and emerging
needs require higher quality
data
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3DEP – 3-Dimensional Elevation Program
New program result of NEAA
Trying to get support from multiple Federal and State
agencies to produce nationwide coverage
Communicate that the program is more than bare earth
elevation –point cloud and other basic derivatives
(TBD) will be distributed and archived
3DEP gives you the perspective to see more than just
what’s on the surface
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United States Interagency Elevation Inventory
Joint project of USGS, NOAA, and FEMA
http://www.csc.noaa.gov/inventory/#
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Alaska Mapping
Mapping Alaska at 1:24,000 (or 1:25,000) scale
State wide SPOT images (2.5 m resolution) are being acquired
Statewide IfSar at 5 m post spacing are being acquired
The National Geospatial Program begins map production in
FY 2013 (400 maps planned)
Limited to producing maps where SPOT and IfSar are
available
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Alaska Mapping Problems
Hydrography
Current National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) from
1:63,360 scale cannot be used
Generate hydrography from IfSar; match to images
Transportation
No current source; some availability from Census,
Open Street Map, and commercial contract
Names – standard and variants; need sources
Boundaries – multiple conflicting sources
Land cover – from National Land Cover Dataset
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Maps and Analysis On Demand
Currently use 7.5 min quadrangles
Need to provide user any arbitrary area by name
(county for example), user specified area (polygon)
Major shift to realtime processing of requested areas
Not work with current production of over 100 maps per
day using GIS software
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Some Example Problems – Data Generation
Hydrography from IfSar and 3DEP
Identify geomorphic features for entire United States
from current NED or 3DEP when available and images
One possible approach: Use Ontology Design
Patterns, geomorphic, and spectral signatures with
neural net or other classifiers
Example: craters
Preprocessing for generalization of hydrography and
transportation
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Some Example Problems
Data Conversion and Delivery
Massively parallel conversion of legacy geospatial
databases to RDF
Examples for automatic conversion that require high
performance computing: NHD, NTD, NBD, NSD
Feature identification and conversion from raster
datasets: elevation, imagery, land cover
Tile caching for viewer
Moving data to cloud and delivery will be from there
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Some Example Problems – Science Applications
Extract hydrography from lidar in 3DEP; match to current
NHD to find problems; add streams found from extraction
that are not in current NHD: supports water modeling
applications
Data integration of The National Map with other USGS
nationwide datasets
Magnetic, gravity, and geologic data
Similar integration with water and biologic datasets
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Some Example Problems – Science Applications
Geospatial data integration for intermediate economic
resiliency modeling
Integration of geospatial data and its derivatives with
cultural, transportation, infrastructure and economic data
to model urban supply chains
Integration of natural hazard, meteorological,
hydrologic data and natural disaster data of model
optimizing the resiliency of supply chain elements
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Conclusions
USGS geospatial and map databases can benefit from
CyberGIS for production applications
Potential for new science with cyberGIS using
nationwide high resolution datasets processed as
single units
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CyberGIS Progress and Perspectives in the
Context of USGS
E. Lynn Usery
[email protected]
U.S. Department of the Interior
U.S. Geological Survey
http://cegis.usgs.gov