Transcript Document

Produced Water
Membrane Technology
Membrane Classifications
• Micro filtration .1 to 1 Micron
• Ultra filtration 6K to 100K MWCO
• Thin-Film UF 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and
3500 MWCO
• Nan filtration 150 to 500 MWCO
• Reverse Osmosis 50 to 150 MWCO
M em bran e G roups
P a r ti c ul a te s
MF
D e te r g e nts
.2 to . 4 
Dyes
P r o te in
U F1
B a c te r ia
.0 1 to . 0 4 
M e t a l i o ns
U F2
Dyes
SO4
.0 0 3 to . 00 5 
2-
Ca
2+
A c id s
30 to 50 Å
NF
Na+
N O 3-
5 to 10 Å
Cl
-
RO
< 5 Å
H 2O
O SM O N IC S D E S AL
INSIDE THE M-SERIES MEMBRANE ELEMENT
M-Series elements are comprised of several
different components, including permeate
carriers, supports, membranes, glues and
feed spacers
Construction design maximizes the amount
of surface area per element
M-SERIES SPIRAL WOUND
ELEMENT CHARACTERISTICS
 Operating up to 190°F
 pH range 2 to 10
 0.01 or 0.06 micron pore size
 Usually 10 to 50 psi operating pressure
ULTRAFILIC MEMBRANE:
ASYMMETRIC PORE MORPHOLOGY
Oil and dirt molecules are rejected at
the surface rather than being irreversibly
entrapped in the depths of the pore
ULTRAFILIC MEMBRANES ARE OLEOPHOBIC
A smaller contact angle correlates with
a more hydrophilic surface and less
fouling by free oils and highly concentrated
oil emulsions
“FOULING FREE” TECHNOLOGY
To avoid “free oil” fouling, the UltraFilic
membrane is engineered to be extremely
hydrophilic (water attracting), as opposed
to conventional oleophilic (oil attracting)
membranes
Membrane Technology
GE Osmonics
Produced Water
Pilot Research Plant
Levers 2 Well Site
Devon Energy Production Co.
Western Environmental Management Corp. Ltd.
Devon Energy
Production Co.
PRODUCED WATER
3-Step Membrane Process
From Devon Produced
Water Storage
60 PSI
Concentrate Flow
Ultrafiltration 130º Fº
Permeate Flow
Concentrate
Flow
Permeate
Flow
Nanofiltration 130º F
Reverse Osmosis 130º F
500 PSI
140 PSI
Concentrate Flow
Permeate Flow
PRODUCED WATER
Research Pilot Plant
3-Pass UF Membrane Process
From Devon Produced
Water Storage
60 psig Ultrafiltration 130º F
1st Passº
48 psig
Recycle
Flow
7.5 gpm
Ultrafiltration 130º F
2nd Pass
Permeate Flow
5.0 gpm
36 psig
Ultrafiltration 130º F
3rd Pass
24 psig
Concentrate Flow
2.5 gpm
Lab Test Results
Ultrafiltration Process
• Feed
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Ca
632 mg/l
Mg
68 mg/l
Sodium
3137 mg/l
Sulfate
2907 mg/l
Chlorides 3915 mg/l
pH
5.95
TDS
10,833 mg/l
Cond* 16,400 umhos
TOC
29 mg/l
Oil & Grease N/A
• Permeate
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Ca
576 mg/l
Mg
148 mg/l
Sodium
3201 mg/l
Sulfate
2944 mg/l
Chlorides
4118 mg/l
pH
6.33
TDS
11,158 mg/l
Cond*
16,700 umhos
TOC
11.9 mg/l
Oil & Grease N/A
ULTRAFILTRATION
Concentrate
Permeate
PRODUCED WATER
Research Pilot Plant
2-Pass Nanofiltration Membrane Process
From Ultrafiltration Permeate
Water Storage
Recycle
Flow
17 gpm
140 psig
Nanofiltration 130º F
1st Passº
130 psig
120 psig
Concentrate Flow
1.5 gpm
Nanofiltration 130º F
2nd pass
Permeate Flow
3.0 gpm
Lab Test Results
Nanofiltration Process
• Feed
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Ca
632 mg/l
Mg
148 mg/l
Sodium
3137 mg/l
Sulfate
2944 mg/l
Chlorides 4118 mg/l
pH
6.33
TDS
11,158 mg/l
Cond*
16,700 umhos
TOC
11.9 mg/l
Oil & Grease N/A
• Permeate
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Ca
98 mg/l
Mg
16 mg/l
Sodium
3201 mg/l
Sulfate
50 mg/l
Chlorides 3976 mg/l
pH
6.43
TDS
6,835 mg/l
Cond*
12,050 umhos
TOC
7.71 mg/l
Oil & Grease N/A
PRODUCED WATER
Research Pilot Plant
1-Pass Reverse Osmosis Membrane Process
From Nanofiltration
Permeate Water
Storage
Reverse Osmosis 130º F
500 psig
Single Pass
Recycle Flow
11 gpm
Permeate Flow
2.5 gpm
Concentrate Flow
1.0 gpm
Lab Test Results
Reverse Osmosis Process
• Feed
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Ca
98 mg/l
Mg
16 mg/l
Sodium
3201 mg/l
Sulfate
50 mg/l
Chlorides 3976 mg/l
pH
6.43
TDS
6,835 mg/l
Cond* 12,050 umhos
TOC
7.71 mg/l
Oil & Grease N/A
• Permeate
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Ca
10 mg/l
Mg
0 mg/l
Sodium
339 mg/l
Sulfate
3 mg/l
Chlorides 483 mg/l
pH
6.39
TDS
933 mg/l
Cond*
1,690 umhos
TOC
2.85 mg/l
Oil & Grease N/A
Projected Energy Costs
per
One Million Gallons per Day
Pretreatment
Ultrafiltration
Nanofiltration
Reverse Osmosis
20 Hp
100 Hp
200 Hp
400 Hp
$0.0012/bbl*
$0.006/bbl*
$0.012/bbl*
$0.024/bbl*
*Based on an electric cost of $0.08/kwh
Produced Water
Prior Testing
Membrane Technology
BAKERSFIELD CALIFORNIA OIL FIELD
Pilot Test Project Perfomed by Osmonics
Summary of Raw Feed and UF Permeate Analytical Data
Raw Feed
UF Perm
Jan
UF Perm
UF Perm
Mar
May
UF Perm
Jun
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
mg1
Conductivity
pH
IC Sodium
IC Calcium
IC Magnesium
IC Potassium
IC Ammonium
IC Chloride
IC Sulfate
IC Fluoride
IC Nitrate
IC Nitrite
IC Phosphate
IC Bromide
IC Acetate
Silica, reactive
Iron, soluble
Iron, total
Boron
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
19800 (uS)
20060 (uS)
6.1
4120
252
75
468
137
5520
869
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
230
2.1
19100 (uS)
19080 (uS)
5.5
4550
271
91
108
22
5570
1110
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
190
19510 (uS)
6.2
4570
220
61
110
100
6260
960
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
200
1.4
160
120
101
115
93
117
100
119
Alkalinity, total
160 CaC03
160 CaC03
34.8 CaC03
7
4190
351
99
238
115
5640
198
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
220
5.5
4530
280
95.7
111
25
5510
1020
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
186
1.3
1.9
45.8 CaC03
108 CaC03
Summary of NF Permeate Analytical Data
NF Perm
Jan
NF Perm
Mar
NF Perm
May
NF Perm
Jun
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
Conductivity
pH
IC Sodium
IC Calcium
IC Magnesium
IC Potassium
IC Ammonium
IC Chloride
IC Sulfate
IC Fluoride
IC Nitrate
IC Nitrite
IC Phosphate
IC Bromide
IC Acetate
Silica, reactive
Iron, soluble
Iron, total
Boron
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
16870 (uS)
6
3530
116
14.3
116
34.1
5030
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
230
0.19
18220 (uS)
6.6
4070
56
20
98
N/D
6220
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
206
0.2
39
11910 (uS)
5.5
2680
68.3
11.2
58
16
3530
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
143
N/D
80
38
110
40
17430 (uS)
6.2
4040
140
31..9
88.8
5950
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
180
0.14
100
37
Alkalinity, total
204 CaC03
35.2 CaC03
16 CaC03
100 CaC03
Summary of RO Permeate Analytical Data
RO1 Perm
Jan
RO1 Perm
Mar
RO1 Perm
May
RO2 Perm
May
RO1 Perm
Jun
R02 Perm
Jun
mg/l
mg/l
mg/1
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
Conductivity
pH
IC Sodium
IC Calcium
IC Magnesium
IC Potassium
IC Ammonium
IC Chloride
IC Sulfate
IC Fluoride
IC Nitrate
IC Nitrite
IC Phosphate
IC Bromide
IC Acetate
Silica, reactive
Iron, soluble
Iron, total
Boron
Total Organic Carbon
3330 (uS)
2476 (uS)
6
535
8.17
1.7
11.4
3
657
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
41
884.4
6.1
186
1.62
0.53
6.3
N/D
214
N/D
2.9
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
5.3
0.01
341.2 (uS)
11.1
34.4
0.27
0.13
0.6
39.9
7.25
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
1.5
0.1
1245
6.6
283
3.29
0.73
6.23
ND
322
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
13.5
<.14
195.4 (uS)
10.7
28.6
0.24
N/D
N/D
5.6
3.72
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
0.6
<.14
56
22
N/D
77
21
7.3
20
69
19
7.5
20
Alkalinity, total
172 CaC03
62.8 CaC03
72 CaC03
190 CaC03
124 CaC03
88.8 CaC03
6.4
653
24.5
4.87
16.2
6.13
819
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
N/D
41
0.049
Shell Oil Refinery Surface
Waste Water System
Equalization Tank
Collects all Run-off
Water from Refinery
Perimeter
5% Volume
Back To
Collection Tank
95 % Discharged into
Manila Bay
0 ppm Oil and S.S.
50-100 ppm Oil & 40 ppm S.S.
Heat Exchanger
Raises temperature to
45° C.
ULTAFILTRATION
M-Series
Conventional
Filtration
50 Micron
<50-100 ppm
Oil & < 25 ppm S.S.
Coal Bed Methane
Produced Water Process
Iron and Barium Control
Equalization Tank
Collects Produced
Water from New
Methane Gas Wells
10 % Concentrate to
Evaporation Pond
90 % Surface
Discharged Quality
RO Permeate
Duraslick
Low Fouling RO
Screen
Filtration
50 Micron
Cartridge Filtration
20 Micron
Followed by
5 micron
Ambient Temperature
Produced Water
< 20 ppm Oil & <50 ppm S.S.
Methane Gas
DAF
8-10% Volume
Back To
DAF
90-92 % as
Formation
Re-pressurization
0 ppm Oil and S.S.
ULTAFILTRATION
Conventional
Filtration
25 Micron
<10-20 ppm
Oil &< 25 ppm S.S.
Membrane SAGD Process
RO Permeate 90-95% of Initial Feed
3- Pass (UF-NF-RO)
Membrane
System
Low Silica, Hardness
and TDS
New Option
5-10% Deep Well Or
Hot Lime Disposal
75% as Steam
Existing
25%
Back To
RO
Steam Generator
97-99%
Steam
Conventional
High Pressure
Steam Boiler
1-3% Blowdown
Methane from CBM Produced
Water
Prefilter
5 Micron
Polypro
DS-7 Gas Membrane System
Assumes at least
5-10 psi net driving
pressure
Optional: One could
Supply a low pressure Water
Pump20-50 psi, as opposed
To pulling a vacuum, Whatever
Is Easiest.
Vacuum
Pump or
Aspirator
With enough
Pressure vacuum is
Not necessary
Enriched Methane Gas
Produced Water
Stripped of CH4