Transcript medra - ERPANET

www.medra.org
Gabriella Scipione
Cineca
mEDRA
mEDRA project:
multilingual
European
DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
Registration
Agency
Kerkira, 23 May 2003
www.medra.org
mEDRA
CINECA is the largest
scientific comupting
centre in Italy
and one of the
largest in the
European Union
Point of contact
for academia,
reasearch and
industry
www.medra.org
Cineca: Statutory aims mEDRA
 To promote the use of the most advanced information
processing systems in order to support public and
private scientific and technological research
 To provide all the Consortium members, the MIUR
(Ministry of Education, University Research) and other
Ministries with specialized computer processing
services
 To extend the use of the available resources to other
public and private bodies
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Cineca: main activities
mEDRA
 High Performance Computing: The Division promotes and supports the
utilization of these resources. VIS.I.T. (VISual Information Technology): interdisciplinary laboratory equipped with powerful and supercomputers for graphical
treatment. This division enabled Cineca to take part to numerous E-projects
 Services for Ministry (MIUR): e-vote system for the election of the
members of the judging commission for the university appointment (secret and
anonimous online election); service for online enrolment at the university
 Value added Internet services for several public institutions: create
and maintain several portals, provides for the Foreign Affair Ministry the software
infrastructure that allows embassies (worldwide distributed) to exchange
documents securely, for the Ministry of Justice offer a free and unified access
service to juridical material - national and European – situated on public institution
Internet sites.
 Administrative services for the Universities
HPC C.I.N.E.C.A. facility
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Summary
Part I: what the DOI is
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
DOI is a standard identifier
DOI: interoperability
DOI is an alphanumeric string
DOI can integrate other standard identifiers
DOI is a tool to describe the identified entity
DOI is “actionable” in the Internet
DOI is a persistent identifier
DOI system is based on a designed social structure
Part II: what the mEDRA project is
Part III: concrete applications of DOI
•
•
•
Voluntary deposit system
Persistent citation system
Tracking relations between IP entities
mEDRA
www.medra.org
What the DOI is
mEDRA
1. DOI (Digital Objects Identifier) is a new standard for
identifying digital objects particularly adopted in the
publishing community
Applied to any type or format of object: text, music, film, video, photographs,
software, database record, certificate…
Two aspects:
1. Uniquely Identifies the Object - therefore enables computers to
interoperate about it and execute transactions of all kinds.
2. Provides Linking to the Object Itself (or to any related objects,
transactions or services). These links are: Permanent
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DOI: Interoperability
mEDRA
DOI has a similar role for e-content trade like the Bar
code has in commerce of tangible goods: it facilitates
interoperability between the information systems of
parties.
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mEDRA
The DOI syntax
2. DOI is an alphanumeric string, divided in two parts: a
prefix and a suffix
Prefix
Suffix
10.abc123 / def456
Identify that this
string is a DOI
Identify the
registrant:
publisher or
imprint, content
producer in general
Identify the Digital
object: it is under
the registrant’s
responsibility
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DOI and other standards
mEDRA
3. DOI can integrate other standard identifiers, creating a
common framework
•
ISBN also applies to electronic publications, but with a scope limited to
monographs (under definition in ISO working group for the revision of ISBN)
•
ISSN (or other systems to identify articles) only applies to continuous
resources
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The DOI Metadata
mEDRA
4. DOI is a tool to describe the identified entities
DOI = string + set of metadata
•
•
•
Each DOI has a minimum set of metadata (kernel metadata)…
… and additional metadata appropriate for the application profile.
These last includes “descriptive metadata” (related to the genre of the
resources) and “service and administrative metadata” (related to
applications).
XML Schemas are used to collect metadata
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DOIs are actionable in the Internet
mEDRA
5. DOI is supported by a resolution system that
makes DOIs “actionable” in the Internet
Users can resolve DOIs to the identified content and/or other
resources related to that content.
Unlike the URLs, DOIs are associated to documents and not
to locations: if a document is moved to a different location,
users are readdressed to reach the correct page.
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DOI resolution system
mEDRA
The underlying technology is the Handle System®
produced by CNRI (Corp. National Research Initiatives)
• Handle is a resolution system: i.e. a tool to resolve a
name to a source of information (typically a URL). It
belongs to the n2l (urn to url) technologies
Handle allows multiple resolution: i.e. a DOI can point to
more than one source of information
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DOI resolution system
mEDRA
• URL(s) are included in metadata
• Registrant is technically allowed and must up-date
metadata in order to guarantee persistence
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Resolution vs Identification
mEDRA
Remind that “what the DOI identifies” and “what the DOI
resolves to” are two different concepts
Resolution 1
Resolution 2
What the DOI
The DOI® (Digital Object Identifier) is a standard for
identifying any object of intellectual property. A DOI
provides a means of persistently identifying a piece of
intellectual property on a digital network and associating
it with related current data.
Informat.
on the
document
On digital networks, all intellectual property is simply a
string of bits; a DOI can apply to any form of intellectual
property in any digital environment. DOIs have been
called "the bar code for intellectual property": like the
physical bar code, they are enabling tools for use all
through the supply chain to add value and save cost.
A DOI differs from commonly used internet pointers to
material such as the URL – Uniform Resource Locator,
the usual means of referring to World Wide Web material
– because it identifies an object as a first-class entity, not
simply the place where the object is located.
A DOI is also different from commonly used identifiers of
intellectual property like standard bibliographic and
related identifiers (ISBN, ISSN, ISRC, etc) because it is
associated with defined services and is immediately
"actionable" on a network. However, the DOI does not
compete with these standards since it allows them to be
integrated as suffixes in DOI strings.
identification
DOI
Resolution 3
A DOI is an implementation of the Internet concepts of
Uniform Resource Name and Universal Resource
Identifier. A DOI is different from abstract naming
specifications such as URN in that it is a defined
Resolution 4
Identified
entity
How to
buy the
doc.
Abstract
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Resolution vs Identification
mEDRA
It is also possible that DOI does not resolve to the
identified entity
Resolution 1
What the DOI
The DOI® (Digital Object Identifier) is a standard for
identifying any object of intellectual property. A DOI
provides a means of persistently identifying a piece of
intellectual property on a digital network and associating
it with related current data.
Informat.
on the
document
On digital networks, all intellectual property is simply a
string of bits; a DOI can apply to any form of intellectual
property in any digital environment. DOIs have been
called "the bar code for intellectual property": like the
physical bar code, they are enabling tools for use all
through the supply chain to add value and save cost.
A DOI differs from commonly used internet pointers to
material such as the URL – Uniform Resource Locator,
the usual means of referring to World Wide Web material
– because it identifies an object as a first-class entity, not
simply the place where the object is located.
A DOI is also different from commonly used identifiers of
intellectual property like standard bibliographic and
related identifiers (ISBN, ISSN, ISRC, etc) because it is
associated with defined services and is immediately
"actionable" on a network. However, the DOI does not
compete with these standards since it allows them to be
integrated as suffixes in DOI strings.
identification
DOI
Resolution 2
A DOI is an implementation of the Internet concepts of
Uniform Resource Name and Universal Resource
Identifier. A DOI is different from abstract naming
specifications such as URN in that it is a defined
Resolution 3
Identified
entity (e.g. a book)
How to
buy the
doc.
Abstract
www.medra.org
DOI: Persistence
mEDRA
6. DOI is persistent identifier
Why a Persistent Identifier?
URLs are not sufficiently reliable Identification
“the half-life of a referenced URL is approximately
four years from its publication date “ (Diomidis Spinellis, The Decay
and Failures of Web References, ACM).
URL
URL
Content
URL
URL
URL
URL
URL
URL
URL
URL
URL
URL
URL URL
URL
URL
URL
URL
URL
404
File not found
URL
URL
URL
URL
URL
Content
URL
URL
URL URL
URL
DOI
URL
DOI
Publisher
DOI
URL
URL
DOI
DOI
directory
DOI
URL
URL
DOI
URL
DOI
URL
DOI
Content
DOI
URL
URL
DOI
Content
DOI
URL
URL
DOI
URLDOI
DOI URL
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DOI and Preservation
mEDRA
The connection between preservation and DOI work lies in
interoperability and persistence
1) A distributed virtual archive requires that all the players and
components interoperate
2) Preservation: How do we interoperate with the future?
Persistence is interoperability with the future
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DOI Governance and structure
mEDRA
7. DOI system is based on a designed social structure
DOIs, similarly to ISBNs, are registered through
Registration Agencies
Technology
Handle system
IDF
CNRI
RA2
RA1
Community of
interest 1
mEDRA
Community of
interest 2
Set up of a
Local Handle System
European
content
industry
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What the mEDRA project is
mEDRA
• mEDRA is a project within the eContent programme of the
European Commission – Action line 2
• Start up: 1 July 2002 – Conclusion: 30 June 2004
 Objective: to set up a multiple-application, multi-lingual
European DOI Registration Agency
• Multiple-application: the existing agencies mainly focus on individual
applications
• Multi-lingual: the existing agencies (except Enpia) focus on Englishbased content
• European: the existing agencies are based in USA (three), Australia,
Korea and UK
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What the mEDRA project is
mEDRA
Results achieved
mEDRA has been appointed as DOI Registration Agency
and this will be effective by July 2003
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mEDRA partnership
mEDRA
• AIE – the Italian publishers association (co-ordinator)
• MVB – a company of the German publishers association,
ISBN agency for German linguistic area
• SNE – the French publishers association
• Editrain – a Spanish company specialised in services for
book-trade
• CINECA – the technological provider, a consortium of Italian
Universities.
www.medra.org
done
mEDRA
• Preliminary studies (market survey, metadata study and technological
assessment) lasted on 30 Nov. 2002
• Architectural design lasted on 28 Feb. 2003
forthcoming
The mEDRA blueprint
• System implementation: by 30 Nov. 2003 a first commercial release
of the whole system will be delivered: publishers can join the
system since July 2003
• Experimentation involving early adopters – Dec. 2003 - Apr. 2004
• Second release of the system and start up of the commercial phase
by 30 June 2004
www.medra.org
Application 1:
Voluntary deposit system
mEDRA
Printed works, thanks to legal deposit, always have a certified
publication date. What about digital editions?
mEDRA is studying the possibility to develop a voluntary deposit
system using the DOI technology to identify contents (time stamping
and digital signature)
Aims:
• to certificate (using time stamping technologies) that a digital or web
content was registered by a party at a certain date.
• to create a tool in case of contest on rights ownership or on
authorship
Certifications can be opposed to third parties
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Application 1:
Voluntary deposit system
mEDRA
The service will be available at the beginning only for text
files, both monographs and journal articles, and in a
second time also for images (photographs, icons etc.),
software.
mEDRA system has to guarantee that:
1) The content was registered by a party at a certain date.
2) the metadata identify the author
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Application 1:
Voluntary deposit system
 During a deposit
request, the user will
send to mEDRA the
document identified by a
DOI and the metadata.
To certify that the
deposit took place in a
certain date, mEDRA will
apply a timestamp and
will sign the document
with mEDRA’s signature.
mEDRA
www.medra.org
Application 2:
Persistent citation system
mEDRA
• The need: to substitute URLs with DOIs to cite Internet resources
• This allows to have persistent citations of resources (no more “error 404-file
not found”!)
• How to make persistence effective is a task of registration agencies.
• It is a very simple application, exploiting one of the key features of DOI, but
providing further value added:
 Check routines to control persistence
 alert system to avoid broken link
 Procedures and discipline for publishers
www.medra.org
Application 3: Tracking relations
between IP entities
mEDRA
Aim: take under control the relations between digital objects.
• We have defined five kinds of “parent-child” relations between IP
entities





A is part of B (a chapter of a book…)
A is a different product form of B (pdf and doc file of the same content)
A is a new edition of B (different in content)
A is a different language version of B
A is a resource about B (a press release or a cover of a book)
• They are registered in metadata so that users (final and
intermediaries) can navigate all the relations with a unique tool
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mEDRA
Contacts
Gabriella Scipione
[email protected]
Tel +39-051-6171634
www.medra.org
Application 1:
Voluntary deposit system
 For legal issues,
mEDRA will require
both timestamps and
a mEDRA’s
certificate to a valid
Certification Authority
mEDRA
www.medra.org
Cineca: main activities
mEDRA
 VIS.I.T. (VISual Information Technology):
inter-disciplinary laboratory equipped
with powerful and graphic
supercomputers for graphical treatment
that enabled Cineca to take part to
numerous E-projects