Transcript No Slide Title

Ed Lazowska
Bill & Melinda Gates Chair in Computer Science & Engineering
University of Washington
Chair, Computing Research Association, 1997-2001
October 2005
My own involvement with CRA
CRA Government Affairs Committee
Member, 1990-present
Chair, 1992-97 and 2001-03
CRA Board of Directors
Member, 1995-2003
Chair, 1997-2001
CRA Distinguished Service Award
2005
Today
Mission
Membership
Organization
History
Leadership
Activities
How things get done
How’s it going?
Why IT?
Beyond IT
Actions!
Mission
Strengthen research and advanced education in
computing and allied fields
Promote a cohesive community of computing
researchers
Encourage the development of human resources
Collect and disseminate information about the
importance and state of computing research
Influence policy that impacts computing research
C H I P
Membership
229 academic programs in the US and Canada
Almost all are Ph.D.-granting
27 industrial and governmental research labs
and centers active in the field
E.g., Argonne, Google, Microsoft, NCSA
6 affiliated professional societies
AAAI, ACM, CACS/AIC, IEEE-CS, SIAM,
USENIX
Organization
33-member Board of Directors
Elected by the membership
5-member Executive Committee
The elected officers of the board
14 committees
Mixture of permanent and ad hoc
Staffed by board members and others from the
computing research community
9-person professional staff
History
1972: Computer Science Board formed
Periodic discussions among the chairs of the major
computer science departments
1986: => Computing Research Board
Embraced computer engineering and computational
science
1990: => Computing Research Association
Professional staff, Washington DC office
Leadership
Chairs of the CRB/CRA Board of Directors
Andy van Dam, Brown Univ., 1985-87
David Gries, Cornell Univ., 1987-89
Paul Young, Univ. of Washington, 1989-91
John Rice, Purdue Univ., 1991-93
Dave Patterson, UC Berkeley, 1993-97
Ed Lazowska, Univ. of Washington, 1997-2001
Jim Foley, Georgia Tech, 2001-05
Dan Reed, Univ. of North Carolina, 2005-
Executive Directors of the CRA
Rick Weingarten, 1990-96
Bill Aspray, 1996-2002
Andy Bernat, 2002-
Activities
Community
CRA Conference at Snowbird
2004 CRA Conference at Snowbird
Sunday July 11
• 8:00 – 2:45
– CRA Board of Directors Meeting
• 3:00 – 6:00
– Workshop for New Department Chairs
• 6:00 – 7:00
– Welcoming Reception
• 7:00 – 9:00
– Dinner and Keynote
– Vint Cerf: “Internet Future”
Monday July 12
• 8:40 – 10:00 (plenary)
– Computer Science Education After the Crash
• 10:30 – noon (parallel sessions)
– Computing-Related Policy Issues
– New Models for Computer Engineering Programs
– Complexity vs. Robustness in the Information
Infrastructure
– Trends in Research Funding 1
• 12:00 – 1:30
– Luncheon
• 1:30 – 3:00 (plenary)
– Stop the Female Brain Drain
• 3:30 – 5:00 (parallel sessions)
– Politically Incorrect, Fast-Pitch, Hardball Questions
about Diversity in Computing
– Implementing the Fluency Report
– Computer Science and the Humanities
– Trends in Research Funding II
• 6:30 – 9:30
– Dinner, “State of the CRA” address, awards
Tuesday July 13
• 8:30 – 10:00 (plenary)
– The Impact of IT on the US Economy
• 10:30 – noon (parallel sessions)
– Diversity: What Works?
– The Role of Research Faculty
– Expanding the Frontiers of Information Technology
Education
– The Future of Industrial Research Labs
• 1:30 – 3:00 (parallel sessions)
– The Role of Computer Science in Societal Applications
– Accreditation of IT Programs
– Grand Challenges in Trustworthy Computing
– Software Offshoring: Risks and Opportunities
• 3:00 – 9:00 (and 8:30 – noon Wednesday)
– Workshop for IT Deans
Community (cont’d)
Federated Computing Research Conference
Computing Leadership Summit
IT Deans Group
CRA Distinguished Service Award
Forsythe List (contact information)
“Grand Research Challenges” workshops/reports
Revitalizing Computer Architecture Research
Grand Research Challenges in Information Security &
Assurance
Grand Research Challenges in Information Systems
Community (cont’d)
“Research Directions” workshops/reports
Road Map for the Revitalization of High-End Computing
R&D for the NII: Technical Challenges
Research Related to National Security
Research Challenges for the Next Generation Internet
Setting a Computer Science Agenda for Educational
Technology
Human Resources
Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing
Tapia Conference (Coalition to Diversify Computing)
Human Resources (cont’d)
CRA-Women
Distinguished Lecture Series
Systers – Academia
Career Mentoring Workshops
Distributed Mentor Project (undergraduates)
Graduate Cohort for Women
Cohort of Associate Professors
2003 Presidential Award for Excellence in
Science, Mathematics, & Engineering
Mentoring
Arden Bement,
NSF Director
Mary Jean
Harrold,
Jan Cuny,
Co-Chair
Past Co-Chair
John Marburger,
White House
OSTP Director
2005 National Science Board
Public Service Award (group)
Human Resources (cont’d)
Workshops for young faculty
Academic Careers
Effective Teaching
Awards
Outstanding Undergraduate Award
A. Nico Habermann Award (diversity)
Researcher Databases for women and minorities
Jobs listserve and web
Human Resources (cont’d)
Workshops/Reports
Recruitment and Retention of Faculty in CSE
Recruitment and Retention of Women Graduate Students
in CSE
Recruitment and Retention of Underrepresented
Minority Graduate Students in CSE
Information
Computing Research News – print and web
CRA Bulletin – web, email, and blog
Computing Research Policy blog
Surveys:
Taulbee (student, faculty)
Departmental Profiles (funding, space)
Industry Lab Salary
Information (cont’d)
“Best Practices” Reports
University-Industry Sponsored Research Agreements
Commercialization Oversight for Computing Research
Departments
Evaluating Computer Scientists and Engineers for
Promotion and Tenure
Graduate Student Information Guide
Career Mentoring
Policy
Full-time professional Director of Government
Affairs (Peter Harsha, ex House Science
Committee staff)
Office co-staffed by US-ACM (Cameron Wilson,
also ex House Science Committee staff)
Congressional testimony and visits
Coalition participation (CSSP, AAAS, CNSF, etc.)
CNSF annual Congressional “demo day”
Executive Fellowship Program
Policy (cont’d)
Computing Research Policy blog
Community action (CRN articles, electronic
bulletins, “Computing Research Advocacy
Network”)
Studies/workshops/reports:
Grand Research Challenges (noted previously)
Research Directions (noted previously)
The Supply of IT Workers in the United States
Computing Research: An National Investment for
Leadership in the 21st Century
How things get done
 Limited income (members are organizations,
not individuals)
 A volunteer organization! – the staff largely
coordinates volunteers
1. Executive Director
2. Director of Government Affairs
3. Director of Programs
4. Surveys and Evaluation
5. Meetings and Human Resources
6. Senior Communications Associate
7. Manager of Membership and Information Services
8. Business Manager
9. Administrative Assistant
So, how’s it going?
The good news
A disproportionate increase in research funding
A very significant expansion of the field
More programs
Bigger programs
More “connections”
Respect on campus
A far stronger “middle tier” of programs
Strong industry/university relations
The bad news
Undergraduate enrollment
Ph.D. production
Gender trends
Research funding trends
Bachelors data for Ph.D.-granting departments
Undergraduate data for Ph.D.-granting departments
Percentage of freshmen interested in CS
4.0%
3.5%
3.0%
2.5%
2.0%
1.5%
1.0%
0.5%
0.0%
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Nationwide survey of freshmen
NSF data for all CS departments
$530 million short of the
1999 PITAC recommendation
for FY04, and headed in the
wrong direction
Basic research
has flat-lined!
DARPA Support for IT Research
$700
$600
Annual funding, $M
$500
$400
Total IT
research
funding
$300
$200
$100
University
IT research
funding
$0
FY2001
FY2002
FY2003
FY2004
DARPA response to SASC, 4/2005
DARPA
Support for overall IT R&D is at best holding
steady
University participation is dramatically decreasing
Classification of programs
Shortened research horizon
12-month go/no-go evaluations
This is bad for DARPA and it’s bad for the nation
Decreased DARPA mind-share among some of the best
researchers
Future manpower issues
NSF CISE, 1994-2004
Budget: 2x
Proposals: 3x
Larger core
Broader mission
Behavior of other agencies
Funding rate: 38% -> 16%
FY 2006 R&D Request
Percent Change from FY 2005
(basic + applied)
Source: AAAS Preliminary Analysis of R&D in the FY 2006 Budget, February 2005
DHS
Simply doesn’t get it!
90% of S&T budget is for deployment, vs. research
• DHS is generally ignoring research
<2% of budget is for cyber security
DHS is generally ignoring the nation’s
infrastructure
The agency is focused almost entirely on WMD
threats (bio, chem, rad) against individuals
Why IT?
Advances in IT drive advances in all other
fields
Advances in IT power our economy
Not just through the growth of the IT industry –
through Multi Factor Productivity Growth
throughout the economy
Advances in IT are the cornerstone of our
national security
Advances in IT change the way we live, the
way we work, the way we learn, the way we
communicate
IT is where the jobs are
Annual Degrees and Job Openings in Broad S&E Fields
160,000
140,000
PhD
Master's
120,000
Bachelor's
Projected Job Openings
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
Engineering
Physical Sciences
Mathematical/
Computer Sciences
Biological/
Agricultural Sciences
SOURCES: Tabulated by National Science Foundation/Division of Science Resources Statistics; degree data from Department of Education/National Center f or Education Statistics: Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System Completions Survey; and NSF/S
RS: Survey of
Earned Doctorates; Projected Annual Average Job Openings derived f rom Department of Commerce (Office of Technology Policy) analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics 2002-2012 projections
John Sargent, Senior Policy Analyst, U.S. Department of Commerce,
presented to the Computing Research Association, 2/2004
Beyond IT
Actions
Vote
Attack shared problems together
Propose visionary research agendas
Line up behind recent NRC R&D studies
“Rising Above The Gathering Storm: Energizing
and Employing America for a Brighter Economic
Future”
We have a long way to go …
and it’s not something that
can be done alone, or
delegated
References
 CRA:
http://www.cra.org
 2004 Snowbird:
http://www.cra.org/Activities/snowbird/2004
 2006 Snowbird:
http://www.cra.org/Activities/snowbird/2006
 NRC Computer Science & Telecommunications Board:
http://www.cstb.org